ASTM E910-2007 Standard Test Method for Application and Analysis of Helium Accumulation Fluence Monitors for Reactor Vessel Surveillance E706 (IIIC)《反应堆容器监测用氦聚集流监视器应用和分析的标准试验方法 E 7.pdf
《ASTM E910-2007 Standard Test Method for Application and Analysis of Helium Accumulation Fluence Monitors for Reactor Vessel Surveillance E706 (IIIC)《反应堆容器监测用氦聚集流监视器应用和分析的标准试验方法 E 7.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E910-2007 Standard Test Method for Application and Analysis of Helium Accumulation Fluence Monitors for Reactor Vessel Surveillance E706 (IIIC)《反应堆容器监测用氦聚集流监视器应用和分析的标准试验方法 E 7.pdf(12页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E 910 07Standard Test Method forApplication and Analysis of Helium Accumulation FluenceMonitors for Reactor Vessel Surveillance, E706 (IIIC)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes the concept and use ofhelium accumulation for ne
3、utron fluence dosimetry for reactorvessel surveillance. Although this test method is directedtoward applications in vessel surveillance, the concepts andtechniques are equally applicable to the general field of neutrondosimetry. The various applications of this test method forreactor vessel surveill
4、ance are as follows:1.1.1 Helium accumulation fluence monitor (HAFM) cap-sules,1.1.2 Unencapsulated, or cadmium or gadolinium covered,radiometric monitors (RM) and HAFM wires for heliumanalysis,1.1.3 Charpy test block samples for helium accumulation,and1.1.4 Reactor vessel (RV) wall samples for heli
5、um accumu-lation.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to us
6、e.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials3E 170 Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurementsand DosimetryE 244 Test Method for Atom Percent Fission in Uraniumand Plutonium Fuel (Mass Spectrometric Method) (Dis-continued 2001)3E 261 Practice for De
7、termining Neutron Fluence, FluenceRate, and Spectra by Radioactivation TechniquesE 482 Guide for Application of Neutron Transport Methodsfor Reactor Vessel Surveillance, E706 (IID)E 706 Master Matrix for Light-Water Reactor PressureVessel Surveillance Standards, E 706(0)E 844 Guide for Sensor Set De
8、sign and Irradiation forReactor Surveillance, E 706(IIC)E 853 Practice for Analysis and Interpretation of Light-Water Reactor Surveillance Results, E706(IA)E 854 Test Method for Application and Analysis of SolidState Track Recorder (SSTR) Monitors for Reactor Sur-veillance, E706(IIIB)E 900 Guide for
9、 Predicting Radiation-Induced TransitionTemperature Shift in Reactor Vessel Materials, E706 (IIF)E 944 Guide for Application of Neutron Spectrum Adjust-ment Methods in Reactor Surveillance, E 706 (IIA)E 1005 Test Method forApplication andAnalysis of Radio-metric Monitors for Reactor Vessel Surveilla
10、nce, E706(IIIA)E 1018 Guide for Application of ASTM Evaluated CrossSection Data File, Matrix E 706 (IIB)3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definition of terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology C 859 and E 170. For terms notdefined therein, reference may be made to other publishedglossaries
11、.44. Summary of the HAFM Test Method4.1 Helium accumulation fluence monitors (HAFMs) arepassive neutron dosimeters that have a measured reactionproduct that is helium. The monitors are placed in the reactorlocations of interest, and the helium generated through (n,a)reactions accumulates and is reta
12、ined in the HAFM (or HAFMcapsule) until the time of removal, perhaps many years later.The helium is then measured very precisely by high-sensitivity1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E10 on NuclearTechnology and Applications and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE
13、10.05 on Nuclear Radiation Metrology.Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally approvedin 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E 910 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
14、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page ontheASTM website. The roman numeral-alphabetical designation at the end of someof the titles indicates that a brief description of this standard may be found in MatrixE 706.3Withdrawn.4See Dictionary of
15、Scientific Terms, 3rd Edition, Sybil P. Parker, Ed., McGrawHill, Inc.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.gas mass spectrometry (1, 2).5The neutron fluence is thendirectly obtained by dividing the measured helium concentra
16、-tion by the spectrum-averaged cross section. Competing he-lium producing reactions, such as (g,a) do not, exceptfor9Be(g,a), affect the HAFM results. The range of heliumconcentrations that can be accurately measured in irradiatedHAFMs extends from 1014to 101atom fraction. This rangepermits the HAFM
17、s to be tested in low fluence environmentsyet to work equally well for high fluence situations.4.2 Typically, HAFMs are either individual small solidsamples, such as wire segments (3) or miniature encapsulatedsamples of small crystals of powder (4), as shown in Fig. 1.Aswith radiometric dosimetry, d
18、ifferent materials are used toprovide different energy sensitivity ranges. Encapsulation isnecessary for those HAFM materials and reactor environmentcombinations where sample melting, sample contamination, orloss of generated helium could possibly occur. Additionally,encapsulation generally facilita
19、tes the handling and identifica-tion of the HAFM both prior to and following irradiation. Thecontents of HAFM capsules typically range from 0.1 to 10 mg.4.3 Following irradiation, encapsulated HAFMs are cleanedand identified in preparation for helium analysis. Heliumanalysis is then accomplished by
20、vaporizing both the capsuleand its contents and analyzing the helium in the resulting gasesin a high sensitivity mass spectrometer system (5). The amountof4He is determined by measuring the4He-to-3He isotopicratio in the sample gases subsequent to the addition of anaccurately calibrated amount of3He
21、 “spike.” UnencapsulatedHAFMs, for example, pure element wires, are usually etched toremove a predetermined layer of outer material before heliumanalysis (3). This eliminates corrections for both cross con-tamination between samples and a-recoil into or out of thesample during the irradiation.4.4 Th
22、e4He concentration in the HAFM, in general terms, isproportional to the incident neutron fluence. Considerationmust, however, be made for such factors as HAFM materialburnup, neutron self-shielding and flux depression, a-recoil,and neutron gradients. Corrections for these effects are dis-cussed more
23、 fully in Section 13. Generally, they total less than5 % of the measured helium concentration. Since the individualcorrections are usually known to within 50 %, the total errorfrom these corrections amounts to #2 %. Sources of uncer-tainty also lie in the HAFM material mass, isotopic composi-tion, a
24、nd mass spectrometric helium analysis. As indicated inSection 13, however, these uncertainties generally contributeless than 1 % of the total uncertainty for routine analyses.4.5 Applying the above corrections to the measured HAFMhelium concentration, the total incident neutron fluence (overthe ener
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