ASTM E557-2000(2006)e1 8125 Standard Guide for The Installation of Operable Partitions《活动间壁安装的标准指南》.pdf

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1、Designation: E557 00 (Reapproved 2006)1Standard Guide forThe Installation of Operable Partitions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A

2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1NOTE1.3, units of measure statement, was editorially inserted an

3、d Fig. 3 and 5.3.3 and 5.4 were editorially revised in May2010.1. Scope1.1 This guide describes options of intructions recom-mended to be considered in preparation for, and applicationand installation of, operable partitions and, to some extent, inthe design of the building in which they are install

4、ed. Operablepartitions are those that are quickly movable.1.2 Excluded from this guide are those partitions that areclassified by the building products industry as demountable.Demountable partitions are those that are designed and in-stalled with the intent of later being taken down and re-erectedby

5、 a crew over a period of time, with the components beingreusable.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard do

6、es not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Sta

7、ndards:2E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of AirborneSound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Ele-mentsE336 Test Method for Measurement of Airborne SoundAttenuation between Rooms in BuildingsE413 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE497 Practice for Installing Sound-Isolatin

8、g LightweightPartitions3E1155 Test Method for Determining FFFloor Flatness andFLFloor Levelness NumbersE1155M Test Method for Determining FFFloor Flatnessand FLFloor Levelness Numbers (Metric)3. Significance and Use3.1 Rooms formed by operable partitions must often beisolated acoustically. Sound-iso

9、lating properties of operablepartitions are specified by architects in terms of sound trans-mission class (STC) and so advertised by the manufacturer onthe basis of laboratory tests in accordance with Test MethodE90 and Classification E413.3.2 Because normal building design and construction prac-tic

10、es are not the same as those used in acoustical laboratories,actual field performance of operable partitions will probably beless than that of test specimens. Sound transmission betweenareas to be isolated will occur through all of the connectingbuilding components in addition to the operable partit

11、ion, thatis, floor and ceiling slabs, ceiling plenums, common walls, etc.All possible paths between the areas being isolated should havea sound insulation performance at least equal to the operablepartition. Unless good acoustical practice is followed in bothbuilding design and installation, there m

12、ay be a significantdiscrepancy between the sound isolation expected and thatachieved.3.3 Because of the complex nature of the sound flankingpaths adjacent to operable partitions, it is highly recommendedthat all related construction details be reviewed by a personqualified in acoustical construction

13、.3.4 This guide does not specify requirements. However,persons desiring to write installation and construction specifi-cations may find the contents useful in developing require-ments for the site preparation, and installation practices nec-essary to minimize leakage and flanking sound around theope

14、rable partition.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building andEnvironmentalAcoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.04 onApplication of Acoustical Materials and Systems.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2006. Published September 2006. Originallyappr

15、oved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E557 - 00. DOI:10.1520/E0557-00R06E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document

16、 Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Properties of Operable Partitions4.1 There are several

17、 types of operable partitions: hingedpanel groups, individual panel and continuously hinged parti-tion systems. Some are supported by overhead track with orwithout a floor guide or track. Some are floor supported with anoverhead track to guide them. They may be manual orpower-operated. One type cons

18、ists of movable panels securedin place by vertical expansion to seal against the floor andceiling. Seals or gaskets are of many kinds; some consist ofresilient material that maintains continuous flexible contactwith floor or ceiling, and some include a mechanical, hydraulicor pneumatic mechanism tha

19、t maintains clearance when inmotion and a positive seal when finally closed.4.2 Sound Leaks:4.2.1 The seals at the top of the partitions should makecontinuous contact with smooth surfaces on both sides of theoperable partitions. The sound path through an insufficient seal,up and over the track, and

20、out on the other side through theinsufficient seal constitutes a serious sound leak.4.2.2 When a partition consists of several panels, leaks mayoccur at the vertical joints when the seals at the joint are nottight.4.2.3 Pass-through doors in partitions will generally reducethe overall sound isolatio

21、n of the wall. For this reason,pass-through doors should be equipped with full perimetergasketing, including seals at head.4.2.4 Track assemblies installed outside the partition storagepocket area to form cross-through paths (90 to each other )primarily for the transport of partitions from one locat

22、ion to theother should be avoided unless a satisfactory method isprovided to reduce the flanking path created through the tracksection from one side of the partition to the other.4.3 Sound Flanking PathsAlthough the operable partitionmay be an adequate barrier itself, sound may pass from oneside to

23、the other by going over, around, or under the partition.The passage of sound by paths other than directly through thepartition itself is called flanking transmission.5. Recommendations5.1 Area Above Track:5.1.1 If there is a plenum above the partition, sound maypass up through the ceiling on one sid

24、e and down through theceiling on the other. A barrier should be erected directly abovethe operable partitions. This barrier, in conjunction with theceiling, should have a sound transmission loss equal to orgreater than that of the partition. The barrier is best designed aspart of the building and no

25、t added as an afterthought (see Fig.1). Often a seemingly solid ceiling has hollows behind it, suchas spaces between the joists, or spaces in corrugated decks, thatprovide a flanking path around an operable partition below. Thehollow spaces must be blocked directly above the operablepartition. The s

26、ound transmission loss provided by the block-ing barrier should be equal to or greater than that provided bythe operable partition.5.1.2 When a plenum is part of the air conditioning system,a sound-attenuating duct or silencer is recommended to controlpossible flanking and should be installed throug

27、h the barrierwall straddling the operable partition below. The compositesound transmission loss of the duct or silencer, and the ceiling,should be equal to or greater than the sound transmission lossof the partition (see Fig. 2).FIG. 1 Recommended Ceiling Barrier InstallationFIG. 2 Recommended Sound

28、 Attenuating Duct InstallationE557 00 (2006)12NOTE 1Lagging of the silencer or ductwork, or constructing these ofheavier gage sheet metal, may be required on both sides of the barrier wallto acheive the necessary composite sound transmission loss requirements.5.1.3 Generally, track systems for opera

29、ble partitions areinstalled during the early phases of building interior construc-tion. The panels are often among the last items installed in thebuilding. The barrier above the track may be built betweenthese two events. To level the track after the weight of thepanels is applied, manufacturers and

30、 installers of operablepartitions request access to the area above the track. This canconflict with the need to build a barrier in the same area. It isimportant to work out a design that provides an adequateacoustical barrier and allows access for adjustment of the track.If built-in access doors or

31、removable gypsum board panels areused for this purpose, they should be sealed at the peripherywith solid or closed cell gaskets.5.1.4 If doors or removable panels used to cover openings ina monolithic ceiling, to gain access for servicing partition drivetrain components, the openings should be suffi

32、ciently large topermit all service operations without modification or damage tothe ceiling. The covers should be sealed at the periphery withsolid or closed cell gaskets. Fig. 3 shows the recommendedlocations of access panels. The doors or removable accesspanels should have a sound transmission loss

33、 equal to orgreater than the ceiling transmission loss.5.2 Floor Below Partition:5.2.1 Some types of floors are intentionally designed withhollow spaces below (for example, some gymnasium woodfloors or computer room access floors). Where there is a hollowspace under the operable partition, sound may

34、 pass downthrough the floor on one side and up through the floor on theother. A barrier should be erected directly below the operablepartition. The barrier, in conjunction with the floor, should havea sound transmission loss equal to or greater than that of thepartition (see Fig. 4, (a) and (b).5.2.

35、2 If the floor is carpeted, it will be difficult to obtain agood seal at the bottom of the operable partition. It ispreferable to replace the carpet with a strip of smooth material,such as metal, wood, or vinyl, where the bottom seals makecontact with the floor (see Fig. 5 (a) and (b).5.2.3 The seal

36、s at the bottom of the partition should makeairtight contact with the floor. The floor immediately under thepartition should not vary from a smooth level surface by morethan 618 in. (63.2 mm) in 12 ft (3.7 m) non-accumulative. Asteel member, such as a standard terrazzo strip, can be placedin a concr

37、ete floor to ensure this accuracy (see Fig. 5 (b). TestMethods E1155 andE1155M are test methods for measuringfloor flatness and levelness.5.2.4 When floors under operable partitions are on upperstories, they are subject to live load deflections. If the deflec-tions exceed the ability of the bottom s

38、eals of the operablepartition to extend, all seal contact will be lost, opening a largesound leak. Either the floor should be designed to limit thedeflections to less than the extension offered by the operablepartition, or an operable partition whose bottom seals offersufficient extension to maintai

39、n contact with the floor underthese conditions should be specified.5.2.5 If the operable partition extends directly to a floortruss or to the underside of a floor structure, the use of a slipjoint may be considered to accommodate deflection of thefloor. All slip joints shall be specially designed or

40、 tested, orboth, to ensure that no sound leakage is introduced.5.3 End Conditions:5.3.1 Operable partitions use various techniques to sealagainst permanent walls and partitions. These may includebulb seals, telescoping closures, fixed jambs mounted to thepermanent wall or partition, or jambs recesse

41、d into the perma-nent surface. In any case, provision should be made to permitan airtight closure against the permanent wall, including gapsin baseboards, chair rails, crown moldings, and other surface-mounted trim on the wall surface. Additionally, provisionshould be made to ensure flanking sound i

42、s not conductedthrough the structure of the permanent walls and partitions.FIG. 3 Ceiling Access Panels for Partitions With or Without a PocketE557 00 (2006)135.3.2 Operable partitions generally close against one of thefollowing permanent walls or partitions, which should applythe accompanying desig

43、n and construction considerations.5.3.2.1 Fixed partitions in the same plane as the operablepartition should have a sound transmission loss equal to orgreater than that of the operable partition.5.3.2.2 Gypsum-board-on-stud fixed partitions perpendicu-lar to the operable partition should have solid

44、backing directlybehind the fixed jamb or bulb seal contact point to resistbowing when the operable partition applies pressure. Theblocking should be designed similar or equivalent to thatshown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b). Often it is best to fill the fixedoperable partition with mineral or glass wool to i

45、ncrease itssound transmission loss. See Practice E497.5.3.2.3 Concrete block or brick walls without facing usuallyhave concave grout lines which can be severe flanking paths.Either a fixed jamb or a smooth closure surface should bemounted to the wall and caulked or sealed in place.5.3.2.4 Gypsum boa

46、rd furred from masonry walls or sur-rounding columns should be blocked and filled at the jamb.Fig. 7 (a) and (b) show typical details.5.3.3 It is necessary to obtain good contact between theoperable partition and the fixed jamb (if used) or the bulb sealand the permanent wall. If a fixed jamb is use

47、d, it should beplumb and the partition adjusted to exert adequate pressure.The surface to receive the jamb or bulb seals should be plumbto within 618 in. (3.2 mm) for every 10 ft (3.048 m) of height.The fixed portion of the jamb should be caulked or sealed to thewall to prevent leaks between it and

48、the building construction(see Fig. 6 (b).5.4 Structural Support for Operable PartitionsTheweight of the operable partition, in addition to all dead loads,should be taken into consideration when designing the support-ing member. Deflection under maximum anticipated loadshould be no more than18 in. (3

49、.2 mm) per 12 ft (3.658 m) ofopening width. If greater deflection is anticipated, either aFIG. 4 Recommended Floor Barrier InstallationFIG. 5 Recommended Floor Leveling InstallationE557 00 (2006)14structural member independent of the roof structure should beinstalled to support the operable partition, or an operablepartition with bottom seals designed to accommodate the largerdeflection should be specified.5.5 Focusing of SoundPartitions with curved surfaces thatcan bring sound to a focus should be avoided. They can causeacoustical problems within the enclosed sp