ASTM F147-1987(2017) Standard Test Method for Flexibility of Non-Metallic Gasket Materials《非金属衬垫材料柔韧性的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: F147 87 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forFlexibility of Non-Metallic Gasket Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r

2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determinat

3、ion of the flex-ibility of non-metallic gasket materials. It is designed fortesting specimens cut from sheet goods or from the gasket inthe finished form, as supplied for commercial use. Materialsnormally classified as rubber compounds are excluded sincethey are covered in Classification D2000.1.2 T

4、he values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-pr

5、iate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Interna

6、tional Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-motive ApplicationsF104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Mate

7、ri-alsF146 Test Methods for Fluid Resistance of Gasket Materials3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A specimen of the material is bent 180 around amandrel of appropriate size relative to its thickness. Materialswill be tested both with and across grain on material with grainorientation. An elevated-tempera

8、ture exposure conditioning isused to simulate shelf life. A low-temperature exposure condi-tioning is used to simulate handling at low-temperature envi-ronments. Tests may also be conducted after immersion invarious fluids in accordance with Test Methods F146.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test met

9、hod is designed to measure the ability ofnon-metallic gasket materials to withstand handling, as wouldbe encountered before and during installation of cut gaskets.5. Apparatus5.1 Steel Die, 12.7 by 154.4 mm (0.5 by 6 in.).5.2 Circulating-Hot-Air Oven, maintained at 100 6 1C(212 6 2F).5.3 Cold Box, c

10、apable of maintaining 40 6 1C (40 62F).5.4 Mandrels, a series with diameters ranging from 4.8 to101.6 mm (316 to 4 in.).6. Test Specimens6.1 The specimens shall be cleanly die-cut to provide sharpedges, free of tears, nicks, or abraded particles. The minimumthickness for asbestos (Type 1) and synthe

11、tic (Type 7) fibercontaining materials shall be 0.4 mm (0.016 in.) and amaximum thickness of 6.3 mm (0.250 in.). The minimumthickness for cork (Type 2) composition shall be 3.2 mm (0.125in.) and 1.6 mm (0.062 in.) for cork-rubber materials, with amaximum thickness of 4.8 mm (0.186 in.). The minimumt

12、hickness for cellulose (Type 3) gasket materials shall be 0.127mm (0.005 in.) and the maximum thickness shall be 1.6 mm(0.062 in.). The minimum thickness for flexible graphite (Type5) shall be 0.127 mm (0.005 in.) and a maximum of 0.8 mm(0.031 in.).7. Conditioning7.1 Condition specimens in accordanc

13、e with ClassificationSystem F104.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 on Gasketsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.20 on Mechanical TestMethods.Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 1972. Last previous edition

14、approved in 2009 as F147 87 (2009). DOI:10.1520/F0147-87R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.C

15、opyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Intern

16、ational Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.18. Temperature of Test8.1 Tests will be conducted on specimens that are at atemperature of 21 to 29C (70 to 85F) except for thelow-temperature tests, where the specimen w

17、ill be 40 6 1C(40 6 2F).9. Procedure9.1 Firmly hold the specimen at one point on a circularmandrel and force slowly but firmly under finger pressure tocontact 180 of the full diameter. Repeat this flexure usingdecreasing mandrel diameters on a new length of specimenuntil failure occurs. Failure shal

18、l be any cracks, breaks, orsurface separations at the end of the approximate time (5 6 1s) required to flex the specimen.9.2 After exposure for 70 h at 100 6 2C (212 6 3.6F) inthe circulating-hot-air oven, remove the specimens and cool toroom temperature in accordance with the conditioning proce-dur

19、e in Classification System F104. Cork-containing materialsshall be allowed to cool for 24 6 1 h. Then perform the testprocedure in 9.1 on the artificially aged specimen.9.3 Expose the specimens and the mandrel for6hat4061C (40 6 2F) in a cold chamber. Without removing thespecimens from the cold cham

20、ber perform the test procedure in9.1 on the low-temperature specimen.10. Report10.1 Determine the results as the minimum diameter aboutwhich specimen could be flexed without exhibiting any signsof failure. This is to be reported on original, aged, andlow-temperature tests or whichever are applicable

21、. Both withand across grain will also be reported on grain orientedmaterials. A flexibility factor may be calculated by dividingthis minimum diameter by the nominal original thickness,expressed to the nearest 0.4 mm (0.016 in.).10.2 The report shall include the following:10.2.1 Complete sample descr

22、iption including commercialdesignation, source, manufacturer, and thickness,10.2.2 Date of production, if known, and deviations made inperforming the test method, and10.2.3 Test results expressed as the minimum diameter usedwithout any signs of failure or as the flexibility factor asdetermined in 9.

23、1, or both.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The results obtained from this test method are based ona visual examination, and the quantitative values associatedwith precision data are not obtainable with this test method.12. Keywords12.1 flexibility; grain orientation; shelf lifeASTM International takes no

24、 position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respons

25、ibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed t

26、o ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the add

27、ress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 87 (2017)2