ASTM F141-2011 Standard Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor Coverings 《与弹性地板覆盖物相关的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: F141 11Standard Terminology Relating toResilient Floor Coverings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe

2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F1066 Specification for Vinyl Composition

3、 Floor TileF1303 Specification for Sheet Vinyl Floor Covering withBackingF1344 Specification for Rubber Floor TileF1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl Floor TileF1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering With-out BackingF1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering WithBackingF1913 Spe

4、cification for Vinyl Sheet Floor Covering With-out BackingF2034 Specification for Sheet Linoleum Floor CoveringF2195 Specification for Linoleum Floor Tile2. Terminology2.1 Terms and Definitions:above-grade, adjabove the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, above a well-ventilated spac

5、e with at least18 in. (457.2 mm) between the bottom of the lowesthorizontal structural member and any point of the ground.abrasion, nwearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.across machine direction, nthe direction perpendicular towhich a product moves through the manufacturing process.asphalt

6、 tile, nan obsolete floor surfacing unit composed ofasphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestosfibers, mineral fillers, and pigments.below-grade, adjbelow the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.cellular concrete, na light w

7、eight flooring substrate materialwhich utilizes a hydraulic cement as the binder and has ahomogeneous void or cell structure attained using gasforming chemicals or foaming agents.concrete, na hard, strong material made by mixing acementing material (commonly portland cement) and amineral aggregate (

8、as washed sand and gravel or brokenrock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set andbind the entire mass.coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential force that isneeded to start or maintain uniform relative motion betweentwo contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holdingthem

9、in contact. (See DCOF and SCOF in 2.2 for clarifica-tion.)cork tile, na floor surfacing unit made from natural corkshavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly anduniformly bonded together.cushioned vinyl flooring, nany vinyl sheet floor coveringincorporating a foam layer as part of its constructi

10、on.dimensional stability, nthe ability of a resilient flooring toretain its original dimensions during the service life of theproduct.DISCUSSIONThis property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-induced dimensional changethe alteration in linear dimensions as aresult of exposure to a significant

11、variation in temperature followed bya return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensionalchangethe alteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure toa significant variation in moisture.drying room yellowing, na yellowish cast on linoleumresultant from the oxidation process tha

12、t will go away withlight exposure. Without continued light exposure, the castmay reappear.dynamic coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangentialforce that is needed to maintain uniform relative motionbetween two contacting surfaces to the perpendicular forceholding them in contact (DCOF).embosse

13、d, adjhaving a permanent multilevel surface pro-duced by mechanical or chemical means.flexibility, nthe ability to be bent, turned, or twisted withoutcracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage andwith or without returning of itself to its former shape.1This terminology is under the jurisdi

14、ction of ASTM Committee F06 onResilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.10on Terminology.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F141-08a. DOI:10.1520/F0141-11.2For refer

15、enced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West

16、 Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.friction, nresistance to the relative motion of one bodysliding or rolling over another with which it is in contact.gouge, na groove or cavity in the flooring surface accom-panied by material removal and penetration below theimmediate flooring surface.heat

17、 welded seam, na seam produced by grooving abuttingedges of resilient flooring and filling said groove(s) withheated, fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal.A glazing or top coating may be applied after the seam istrimmed.DISCUSSIONExcess welding material is trimmed flush with thefinis

18、hed flooring after cooling.heterogeneous, adjconsisting of dissimilar ingredients, con-stituents or compositions.heterogeneous resilient flooring, na resilient floor surfacingmaterial consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions orcolors, or both.homogenous rubber flooring, na rubber floor surfac

19、ingmaterial, in sheet or tile form, that is of uniform structure andcomposition throughout. It usually consists of compoundednatural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination withmineral fillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifica-tions F1344, F1859 and F1860.homogeneous vinyl flooring

20、, na floor surfacing material insheet or tile form that is of uniform structure and composi-tion throughout. It usually consists of vinyl plastic resins,plasticizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers. See also Speci-fication F1913.hydraulic cement, na binder system used in concretesubfloor assembli

21、es that harden by chemical reaction withwater and is capable of doing so even under water.injection molded flooringa floor surfacing material madeby driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.inlaid sheet flooring, na floor surfacing material in whichthe decorative pattern or design is form

22、ed by colored areasset in to the surface. The design so formed may or may notextend through to a backing. See also Specifications F1303and F1913.lightweight concrete, nconcrete with a density of less than115 lb/ft3(1840 kg/m3).linoleum, na surfacing material composed of a solidifiedmixture of linsee

23、d oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins orrosins, or an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder, groundcork, wood flour, mineral fillers, and pigments, bonded to afibrous or other suitable backing. See also SpecificationsF2034 and F2195.linoleum cementthe binder in linoleum consisting of amixture

24、of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins orrosins, or an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder.lippage, nabrupt, height difference in elevation betweenedges of adjacent resilient flooring, usually as it relates toinstalled tile.machine direction, nthe direction in which a product movesth

25、rough the manufacturing process.mar, na mark made on the flooring surface by the depositionof material from friction or rubbing of traffic bodies againstthe surface.oleoresin, na plant product containing chiefly essential oiland resin.on-gradein contact with the ground, as related to floorlocation,

26、in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in.(457.2 mm) of well-ventilated space between the bottom ofthe lowest horizontal structural member and any point of theground.patching compound, ncompound used to fill or smoothminor depressions or irregularities in a flooring surface.plank, na form o

27、f resilient floor covering having an aspectratio greater than 2:1.polymeric poured (seamless) floors, na floor surfacingmaterial composed of polymeric materials applied to thesubstrate in liquid form alone or in combination with mineralor plastic aggregates, desiccants, or fillers.polyolefina polyme

28、r prepared by the polymerization of anolefin(s) as essentially the sole monomers(s). (D20)post-consumer recycled content, nthe portion, often ex-pressed as a percent by weight, of material used in themanufacture of a new product, where the material ex. workshas been recovered or otherwise diverted f

29、rom disposal.3pre-consumer recycle content, nmaterial recovered or di-verted from industrial waste streams for use in the manufac-ture of a new product or a product made by a new process,often expressed as a percent by weight. This excludesmaterials and by-products generated from and commonlyreused

30、or reworked within the original manufacturing pro-cess.3printed sheet vinyl flooring, na floor surfacing materialwhich has a printed pattern and is protected with a wearlayerof transparent or translucent vinyl plastic. The wearlayermay also include a specialty performance top coating.recycled conten

31、t, nthe sum, normally expressed as a percentby weight, of post-industrial or pre-consumer recycledmaterial plus post-consumer recycled material.3resilient, adjtending or able to recover from strain ordeformation caused especially by compressive stress.resilient flooring, nan organic floor surfacing

32、material madein sheet or tile form or formed in place as a seamless materialof which the wearing surface is non-textile. The resilientfloor covering classification by common usage includes, butis not limited to asphalt, cork, linoleum, rubber, vinyl, vinylcomposition, and polymeric poured seamless f

33、loors. Resil-ient in this sense is used as a commonly accepted term, butdoes not necessarily define a physical property. (1972)resin, nany of various solid or semi-solid amorphous fusiblenatural organic substances that are usually transparent ortranslucent and yellowish to brown and are formed espe-

34、cially in plant secretions, are soluble in organic solvents butnot in water. Any of a large class of synthetic products thathave some of the properties of natural resins, but aredifferent chemically.3See the U.S. Federal Trade Commission Document CFR Part 260 - Guide forthe Use of Environmental Mark

35、eting Claims for additional information andexamples. This document can be found at http:/www.ftc.gov/os/1996/10/16cfr260.htm.F141 112rosin, na translucent amber to almost black brittle friableresin that is obtained by chemical means from the oleoresinor dead wood of pine trees or from tall oil.rubbe

36、r flooring, na floor surfacing material in sheet or tileform consisting of compounded natural or synthetic rubbersor both in combination with mineral fillers, pigments, andother additives. See also Specifications F1344, F1859 andF1860.scratch, na shallow cut or narrow groove in the flooringsurface.

37、A line or furrow made in the flooring surface byrasping or rubbing with a pointed or jagged object.scuff, va form of wear, in which a mark, gall, roughness orother damage is caused by the rubbing of traffic bodiesagainst a flooring surface and may involve deposition of aforeign material onto the flo

38、oring surface.sheet, resilient flooring, nflexible resilient flooring, pack-aged in roll form, in which the length substantially exceedsthe width.DISCUSSIONSheet flooring is usually manufactured in widths of 4 to16 ft (1.22 to 4.88 m) with rolls being up to approximately 150 ft (45.7m) long to allow

39、 seamless installation in small rooms and minimizeseams in large rooms.slip resistance, nthe ability to counteract loss of traction.solid vinyl tile, na resilient tile flooring composed of binder,fillers and pigments compounded with suitable stabilizersand processing aids. The binder consists of pol

40、ymers and/orcopolymers of vinyl chloride, other modifying resins, andplasticizers which comprise at least 34 % by weight of thefinished tile. The polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloridecomprise at least 60 % of the weight of the binder. See alsoSpecification F1700.static coefficient of frictionthe

41、 ratio of the tangential forcethat is needed to start uniform relative motion between twocontacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding themin contact (SCOF).structural, adjcapable of transferring loads across andthrough supporting members.subfloor, nthat structural layer intended to provide

42、 supportfor design loadings which may receive resilient floor cover-ings directly if the surface is appropriate or indirectly via anunderlayment if its surface is not suitable.substrate, nthe underlying support surface upon which theflooring is installed.tangential force, na force that acts on a mov

43、ing body in thedirection of a tangent to the curved path of the body.terrazzo, na form of mosaic flooring made by embeddingmarble, onyx, granite, or glass chips in portland cement,polyacrylate modified portland cement, or resinous matrices.The terrazzo is poured in place, cured, ground, and thenpoli

44、shed. Rustic terrazzo is a variation where, in lieu ofgrinding and polishing, the surface is washed with water orotherwise treated to expose the chips. Quartz, quartzite, andriver bed aggregate can also be used.tile, resilient flooring, nresilient flooring (for example cork,linoleum, rubber, solid v

45、inyl, vinyl composition, etc) whichis packaged in flat pieces and installed as individual units.DISCUSSIONTiles are usually square, with sides of 9 to 40 in. (228.6to 1016 mm); most commonly 12 by 12 in. (304.8 by 304.8 mm). Theycan also be long and narrow, such as 4 by 36 in. (101.6 by 914.4 mm)(so

46、metimes called “plank”). The surface can be smooth, textured orembossed.traction, nthe adhesive friction of a body on a surface onwhich it moves.underlayment, na material placed under resilient flooring,or other finished flooring, to provide a suitable installationsurface.vinyl asbestos tile (VAT),

47、nan obsolete form of resilient tilecomposed of vinyl plastic binders, crysotile asbestos fibers,mineral fillers and pigments.vinyl composition tile (VCT), na resilient floor coveringcomposed of binder, fillers, and pigments. The binder shallconsist of one or more resins of poly (vinyl chloride), orv

48、inyl chloride copolymers, or both, compounded with suit-able plasticizers and stabilizers. Other polymeric resins maybe incorporated as part of the binder. See also SpecificationF1066.wear, nthe deterioration caused from use over time of aresilient floorings surface which tends to impair a materials

49、serviceability. Such influences include, but are not limited toabrasion, scratching, gouging and scuffing.wearlayer, nthe portion of a resilient floor covering thatcontains or protects the pattern and design exclusive oftemporary finishes or maintenance coatings.2.2 Abbreviations:COFcoefficient of friction.DCOFdynamic coefficient of friction.SCOFstatic coefficient of friction.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not