ASTM F141-2008a Standard Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor Coverings《弹性地板覆盖物有关的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 141 08aStandard Terminology Relating toResilient Floor Coverings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren

2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1066 Specification for Vinyl Composi

3、tion Floor TileF 1303 Specification for Sheet Vinyl Floor Covering withBackingF 1344 Specification for Rubber Floor TileF 1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl Floor TileF 1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor CoveringWithout BackingF 1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering WithBackingF

4、1913 Specification for Vinyl Sheet Floor Covering With-out BackingF 2034 Specification for Sheet Linoleum Floor CoveringF 2195 Specification for Linoleum Floor Tile2. Terminology2.1 Terms and Definitions:above-grade, adjabove the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, above a well-venti

5、lated space with at least18 in. (457.2 mm) between the bottom of the lowesthorizontal structural member and any point of the ground.abrasion, nwearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.across machine direction, nthe direction perpendicular towhich a product moves through the manufacturing proce

6、ss.asphalt tile, nan obsolete floor surfacing unit composed ofasphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestosfibers, mineral fillers, and pigments.below-grade, adjbelow the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.cellular concrete,

7、na light weight flooring substrate materialwhich utilizes a hydraulic cement as the binder and has ahomogeneous void or cell structure attained using gasforming chemicals or foaming agents.concrete, na hard, strong material made by mixing acementing material (commonly portland cement) and amineral a

8、ggregate (as washed sand and gravel or brokenrock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set andbind the entire mass.coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential force that isneeded to start or maintain uniform relative motion betweentwo contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force ho

9、ldingthem in contact. (See DCOF and SCOF in 2.2 for clarifica-tion.)cork tile, na floor surfacing unit made from natural corkshavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly anduniformly bonded together.cushioned vinyl flooring, nany vinyl sheet floor coveringincorporating a foam layer as part of its

10、construction.dimensional stability, nthe ability of a resilient flooring toretain its original dimensions during the service life of theproduct.DISCUSSIONThis property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-induced dimensional changethe alteration in linear dimensions as aresult of exposure to a si

11、gnificant variation in temperature followed bya return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensionalchangethe alteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure toa significant variation in moisture.drying room yellowing, na yellowish cast on linoleumresultant from the oxidation p

12、rocess that will go away withlight exposure. Without continued light exposure, the castmay reappear.dynamic coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangentialforce that is needed to maintain uniform relative motionbetween two contacting surfaces to the perpendicular forceholding them in contact (DCO

13、F).embossed, adjhaving a permanent multilevel surface pro-duced by mechanical or chemical means.flexibility, nthe ability to be bent, turned, or twisted withoutcracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage andwith or without returning of itself to its former shape.friction, nresistance to the

14、 relative motion of one bodysliding or rolling over another with which it is in contact.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 onResilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.10on Terminology.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published

15、 January 2009. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F 141-08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document

16、 Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.gouge, na groove or cavity in the flooring surface accom-panied by material removal and penetration below theimmediate flooring surface.heat welded seam

17、, na seam produced by grooving abuttingedges of resilient flooring and filling said groove(s) withheated, fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal.A glazing or top coating may be applied after the seam istrimmed.DISCUSSIONExcess welding material is trimmed flush with thefinished flooring

18、 after cooling.heterogeneous, adjconsisting of dissimilar ingredients, con-stituents or compositions.heterogeneous resilient flooring, na resilient floor surfacingmaterial consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions orcolors, or both.homogenous rubber flooring, na rubber floor surfacingmaterial,

19、 in sheet or tile form, that is of uniform structure andcomposition throughout. It usually consists of compoundednatural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination withmineral fillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifica-tions F 1344, F 1859 and F 1860.homogeneous vinyl flooring, na floo

20、r surfacing material insheet or tile form that is of uniform structure and composi-tion throughout. It usually consists of vinyl plastic resins,plasticizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers. See also Speci-fication F 1913.hydraulic cement, na binder system used in concretesubfloor assemblies that

21、harden by chemical reaction withwater and is capable of doing so even under water.injection molded flooringa floor surfacing material madeby driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.inlaid sheet flooring, na floor surfacing material in whichthe decorative pattern or design is formed by co

22、lored areasset in to the surface. The design so formed may or may notextend through to a backing. See also Specifications F 1303and F 1913.lightweight concrete, nconcrete with a density of less than115 lb/ft3(1840 kg/m3).linoleum, na surfacing material composed of a solidifiedmixture of linseed oil,

23、 pine rosin, fossil or other resins orrosins, or an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder, groundcork, wood flour, mineral fillers, and pigments, bonded to afibrous or other suitable backing. See also SpecificationsF 2034 and F 2195.linoleum cementthe binder in linoleum consisting of amixture of l

24、inseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins orrosins, or an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder.machine direction, nthe direction in which a product movesthrough the manufacturing process.mar, na mark made on the flooring surface by the depositionof material from friction or rubbing of traffi

25、c bodies againstthe surface.oleoresin, na plant product containing chiefly essential oiland resin.on-gradein contact with the ground, as related to floorlocation, in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in.(457.2 mm) of well-ventilated space between the bottom ofthe lowest horizontal structu

26、ral member and any point of theground.patching compound, ncompound used to fill or smoothminor depressions or irregularities in a flooring surface.plank, na form of resilient floor covering having an aspectratio greater than 2:1.polymeric poured (seamless) floors, na floor surfacingmaterial composed

27、 of polymeric materials applied to thesubstrate in liquid form alone or in combination with mineralor plastic aggregates, desiccants, or fillers.post-consumer recycled content, nthe portion, often ex-pressed as a percent by weight, of material used in themanufacture of a new product, where the mater

28、ial ex. workshas been recovered or otherwise diverted from disposal.3pre-consumer recycle content, nmaterial recovered or di-verted from industrial waste streams for use in the manufac-ture of a new product or a product made by a new process,often expressed as a percent by weight. This excludesmater

29、ials and by-products generated from and commonlyreused or reworked within the original manufacturing pro-cess.3printed sheet vinyl flooring, na floor surfacing materialwhich has a printed pattern and is protected with a wearlayerof transparent or translucent vinyl plastic. The wearlayermay also incl

30、ude a specialty performance top coating.recycled content, nthe sum, normally expressed as a percentby weight, of post-industrial or pre-consumer recycledmaterial plus post-consumer recycled material.3resilient, adjtending or able to recover from strain ordeformation caused especially by compressive

31、stress.resilient flooring, nan organic floor surfacing material madein sheet or tile form or formed in place as a seamless materialof which the wearing surface is non-textile. The resilientfloor covering classification by common usage includes, butis not limited to asphalt, cork, linoleum, rubber, v

32、inyl, vinylcomposition, and polymeric poured seamless floors. Resil-ient in this sense is used as a commonly accepted term, butdoes not necessarily define a physical property. (1972)resin, nany of various solid or semi-solid amorphous fusiblenatural organic substances that are usually transparent or

33、translucent and yellowish to brown and are formed espe-cially in plant secretions, are soluble in organic solvents butnot in water. Any of a large class of synthetic products thathave some of the properties of natural resins, but aredifferent chemically.rosin, na translucent amber to almost black br

34、ittle friableresin that is obtained by chemical means from the oleoresinor dead wood of pine trees or from tall oil.rubber flooring, na floor surfacing material in sheet or tileform consisting of compounded natural or synthetic rubbers3See the U.S. Federal Trade Commission Document CFR Part 260 - Gu

35、ide forthe Use of Environmental Marketing Claims for additional information andexamples. This document can be found at http:/www.ftc.gov/os/1996/10/16cfr260.htm.F 141 08a2or both in combination with mineral fillers, pigments, andother additives. See also Specifications F 1344, F 1859 andF 1860.scrat

36、ch, na shallow cut or narrow groove in the flooringsurface. A line or furrow made in the flooring surface byrasping or rubbing with a pointed or jagged object.scuff, va form of wear, in which a mark, gall, roughness orother damage is caused by the rubbing of traffic bodiesagainst a flooring surface

37、and may involve deposition of aforeign material onto the flooring surface.sheet, resilient flooring, nflexible resilient flooring, pack-aged in roll form, in which the length substantially exceedsthe width.DISCUSSIONSheet flooring is usually manufactured in widths of 4 to16 ft (1.22 to 4.88 m) with

38、rolls being up to approximately 150 ft (45.7m) long to allow seamless installation in small rooms and minimizeseams in large rooms.slip resistance, nthe ability to counteract loss of traction.solid vinyl tile, na resilient tile flooring composed of binder,fillers and pigments compounded with suitabl

39、e stabilizersand processing aids. The binder consists of polymers and/orcopolymers of vinyl chloride, other modifying resins, andplasticizers which comprise at least 34 % by weight of thefinished tile. The polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloridecomprise at least 60 % of the weight of the binder. S

40、ee alsoSpecification F 1700.static coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential forcethat is needed to start uniform relative motion between twocontacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding themin contact (SCOF).structural, adjcapable of transferring loads across andthrough supporting

41、 members.subfloor, nthat structural layer intended to provide supportfor design loadings which may receive resilient floor cover-ings directly if the surface is appropriate or indirectly via anunderlayment if its surface is not suitable.substrate, nthe underlying support surface upon which thefloori

42、ng is installed.tangential force, na force that acts on a moving body in thedirection of a tangent to the curved path of the body.terrazzo, na form of mosaic flooring made by embeddingmarble, onyx, granite, or glass chips in portland cement,polyacrylate modified portland cement, or resinous matrices

43、.The terrazzo is poured in place, cured, ground, and thenpolished. Rustic terrazzo is a variation where, in lieu ofgrinding and polishing, the surface is washed with water orotherwise treated to expose the chips. Quartz, quartzite, andriver bed aggregate can also be used.tile, resilient flooring, nr

44、esilient flooring (for example cork,linoleum, rubber, solid vinyl, vinyl composition, etc) whichis packaged in flat pieces and installed as individual units.DISCUSSIONTiles are usually square, with sides of 9 to 40 in. (228.6to 1016 mm); most commonly 12 by 12 in. (304.8 by 304.8 mm). Theycan also b

45、e long and narrow, such as 4 by 36 in. (101.6 by 914.4 mm)(sometimes called “plank”). The surface can be smooth, textured orembossed.traction, nthe adhesive friction of a body on a surface onwhich it moves.underlayment, na material placed under resilient flooring,or other finished flooring, to provi

46、de a suitable installationsurface.vinyl asbestos tile (VAT), nan obsolete form of resilient tilecomposed of vinyl plastic binders, crysotile asbestos fibers,mineral fillers and pigments.vinyl composition tile (VCT), na resilient floor coveringcomposed of binder, fillers, and pigments. The binder sha

47、llconsist of one or more resins of poly (vinyl chloride), orvinyl chloride copolymers, or both, compounded with suit-able plasticizers and stabilizers. Other polymeric resins maybe incorporated as part of the binder. See also SpecificationF 1066.wear, nthe deterioration caused from use over time of

48、aresilient floorings surface which tends to impair a materialsserviceability. Such influences include, but are not limited toabrasion, scratching, gouging and scuffing.wearlayer, nthe portion of a resilient floor covering thatcontains or protects the pattern and design exclusive oftemporary finishes

49、 or maintenance coatings.2.2 Abbreviations:COFcoefficient of friction.DCOFdynamic coefficient of friction.SCOFstatic coefficient of friction.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration