ASTM E2843-2016a Standard Specification for Demonstrating That a Building is in Walkable Proximity to Neighborhood Assets《证明建筑物与社区资产相距可步行距离的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: E2843 16E2843 16aStandard Specification forDemonstrating That a Building is in Walkable Proximity toNeighborhood Assets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2843; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r

2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides requirements for demonstrating that a buildings location is in suffic

3、ient proximity to a range ofestablishments, services, and other amenities (referred to as “neighborhood assets” in this specification) such that the likelihoodis increased that the buildings occupants will walk to their destinations when conducting errands or other typical activities.1.2 This specif

4、ication addresses a single indicator regarding the environmental performance related to a buildings location. Itprovides one option for evaluating whether a building is located in such a way as to minimize the impacts associated withoccupants travel.NOTE 1The indicator in and of itself is insufficie

5、nt to imply any level of “sustainability” for the building or the neighborhood. Similarly, a buildingsfailure to meet this specification does not necessarily signify a lack of sustainability. Other indicators may be more appropriate for that building or region;those indicators are outside the scope

6、of this specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safe

7、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E631 Terminology of Building Constr

8、uctionsE2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings2.2 Federal Standard:3NAICS North American Industry Classification System3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For terms related to building, refer to Terminology E631.3.1.2 For terms related to sustainability relative

9、 to the performance of buildings, refer to Terminology E2114.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 neighborhood asset, nservice or physical amenity available in a specified area.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification provides requirements for demonstrating that a buildings

10、location provides a minimal level of access toa variety of establishments such that occupants have an opportunity to use walking as a means of transportation to conduct errandsand typical activities.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability and is the dir

11、ect responsibility of Subcommittee E60.01 on Buildings andConstruction.Current edition approved May 1, 2016Aug. 1, 2016. Published May 2016August 2016. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 asE284315.-16. DOI: 10.1520/E2843-1610.1520/E2843-16A.2 For referencedASTM s

12、tandards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from U.S. Census Bureau, 4600 Silver Hill Road, Washington, DC 20233, h

13、ttp:/www.census.gov/eos/www/naics.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recom

14、mends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2 Shorter tr

15、avel distances to neighborhood assets provide building occupants with increased opportunity to walk to commondestinations, and the corollary opportunity to reduce vehicle miles traveled and the associated pollution, traffic congestion, andhousehold transportation costs.4.3 The users of this specific

16、ation include developers, planners, building owners, engineers, architects, landscape architects andother design professionals, contractors, realtors, governmental agencies, developers of building codes and rating systems, and otherbuilding industry professionals.5. Requirements5.1 Classification an

17、d Categorization of Neighborhood Assets:5.1.1 Neighborhood assets are classified by their 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code, exceptfor public parks, which are not included in NAICS.5.1.2 Neighborhood asset codes are grouped into four categories: civic and community faci

18、lities, community-serving retail, foodretail, and services. Table 1 shows the category for each NAICS code. (See Table 2 for grouping by category.)5.2 Eligibility of Neighborhood AssetsFor the purposes of this specification, a neighborhood asset shall:5.2.1 Have a NAICS code listed in Table 1 or be

19、a public park, and5.2.2 Be in business or otherwise open to the public at the time of the site plan review.TABLE 1 Eligible Neighborhood Assets Codes and Categories (Organized Numerically by NAICS Code)NAICS Code (2012) Title(All are NAICS titles with the exception of public parks) Category444110 Ho

20、me Centers Community-serving retail444130 Hardware Stores Community-serving retail445110 Grocery StoresSupermarket and Other Groceryexcept ConvenienceFood retail445120 Convenience Stores Community-serving retail44523 Specialty Food StoresFruit and Vegetable Markets Food retail4453 Beer, Wine, and Li

21、quor Stores Community-serving retail4461 Health and Personal Care StoresPharmacies Community-serving retail447110 Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores Community-serving retail4512 Book, Periodical, and Music Stores Community-serving retail4529 Other General Merchandise Stores Community-serving

22、retail4531 Florists Community-serving retail4532 Office Supplies, Stationery, and Gift Stores Community-serving retail4533 Used Merchandise Stores Community-serving retail4539 Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers Community-serving retail4543 Direct Selling Establishments Community-serving retail4911

23、Postal Service Civic and community facilities512131 Motion Picture Theaters (except Drive-Ins) Services51912 Other Information ServicesLibraries Civic and community facilities5221 Finance and InsuranceBanks/Savings Institutions/Credit Unions Services523930 Investment Advice Services5412 Accounting,

24、Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services Services541940 Veterinary Services Services561431 Private Mail Centers Services6111 Elementary and Secondary Schools Civic and community facilities6211 Offices of Physicians Civic and community facilities6212 Offices of Dentists Civic and community

25、facilities6213 Offices of Other Health Practitioners Civic and community facilities6214 Outpatient Care Centers Civic and community facilities6219 Other Ambulatory Health Care Services Civic and community facilities6231 Nursing Care Facilities Civic and community facilities6233 Community Care Facili

26、ties for the Elderly Civic and community facilities6241 Individual and Family Services Civic and community facilities6244 Child Day Care Services Civic and community facilities7111 Performing Arts Companies Services71394 RecreationFitness and Recreation Sports Centers Services712130 Zoos and Botanic

27、al Gardens Services7224 Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages) Services7225 Restaurants and Other Eating Places Services811490 Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance Services8121 Personal Care Services Services8123 Dry Cleaning and Laundry Services Services812910 Pet Care (except V

28、eterinary) Services Services8131 Religious Organizations Civic and community facilities8133 Social Advocacy Organizations Civic and community facilities8134 Civic and Social Organizations Civic and community facilities92212 Justice, Public Order, and Safety ActivitiesPolice Protection Civic and comm

29、unity facilities92216 Justice, Public Order, and Safety ActivitiesFire Protection Civic and community facilitiesn/a Public Park Civic and community facilitiesE2843 16a25.3 Proximity to a Diversity of Neighborhood AssetsA primary building entrance shall be within -mile (800-m) walkingdistance, as mea

30、sured over a continuous network of all-weather surfaced walkways and dedicated public rights-of-way, of aprimary entrance of either:5.3.1 A minimum of six eligible neighborhood assets, or5.3.2 A minimum of four eligible neighborhood assets, including at least one with NAICS Code 445110 (GroceryStore

31、sSupermarket and Other Grocery except Convenience).5.3.3 The eligible neighborhood assets shall fall under no fewer than three of the four neighborhood asset categories.5.3.4 No neighborhood asset shall be counted twice towards meeting the required criteria of 5.3, even if it falls under twoseparate

32、 NAICS codes.5.3.5 No more than two neighborhood assets in any category shall be counted towards satisfying the required criteria of 5.3.5.3.6 Multiple neighborhood assets in a multi-tenant building count towards satisfying the required criteria of 5.3 provided thateach counted neighborhood asset is

33、 a distinctly operated enterprise.5.3.7 No more than half of the minimum number of neighborhood assets shall be situated under a common roof.5.3.7.1 ExceptionThis provision does not apply where the primary building entrances that are measured and counted inaccordance with 5.3 are part of a facade th

34、at:(a) does not face off-street surface parking in the buildings setback area, and(b) has ground level building entrances at intervals of no more than 75 ft (23 m).TABLE 2 Eligible Neighborhood Assets Codes and Categories (Grouped by Category)Category Title(All are NAICS titles with the exception of

35、 public parks) NAICS Code (2012)Civic and community facilities Postal Service 4911Civic and community facilities Other Information ServicesLibraries 51912Civic and community facilities Elementary and Secondary Schools 6111Civic and community facilities Offices of Physicians 6211Civic and community f

36、acilities Offices of Dentists 6212Civic and community facilities Offices of Other Health Practitioners 6213Civic and community facilities Outpatient Care Centers 6214Civic and community facilities Other Ambulatory Health Care Services 6219Civic and community facilities Nursing Care Facilities 6231Ci

37、vic and community facilities Community Care Facilities for the Elderly 6233Civic and community facilities Individual and Family Services 6241Civic and community facilities Child Day Care Services 6244Civic and community facilities Religious Organizations 8131Civic and community facilities Social Adv

38、ocacy Organizations 8133Civic and community facilities Civic and Social Organizations 8134Civic and community facilities Justice, Public Order, and Safety ActivitiesPolice Protection 92212Civic and community facilities Justice, Public Order, and Safety ActivitiesFire Protection 92216Civic and commun

39、ity facilities Public Park n/aCommunity-serving retail Home Centers 444110Community-serving retail Hardware Stores 444130Community-serving retail Convenience Stores 445120Community-serving retail Beer, Wine, and Liquor Stores 4453Community-serving retail Health and Personal Care StoresPharmacies 446

40、1Community-serving retail Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores 447110Community-serving retail Book, Periodical, and Music Stores 4512Community-serving retail Other General Merchandise Stores 4529Community-serving retail Florists 4531Community-serving retail Office Supplies, Stationery, and Gift

41、 Stores 4532Community-serving retail Used Merchandise Stores 4533Community-serving retail Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers 4539Community-serving retail Direct Selling Establishments 4543Food retail Grocery StoresSupermarket and Other Groceryexcept Convenience445110Food retail Specialty Food Store

42、sFruit and Vegetable Markets 44523Services Motion Picture Theaters (except Drive-Ins) 512131Services Finance and InsuranceBanks/Savings Institutions/Credit Unions 5221Services Investment Advice 523930Services Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services 5412Services Veterinary Serv

43、ices 541940Services Private Mail Centers 561431Services Performing Arts Companies 7111Services RecreationFitness and Recreation Sports Centers 71394Services Zoos and Botanical Gardens 712130Services Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages) 7224Services Restaurants and Other Eating Places 7225Services O

44、ther Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance 811490Services Personal Care Services 8121Services Dry Cleaning and Laundry Services 8123Services Pet Care (except Veterinary) Services 812910E2843 16a35.4 DemonstrationSatisfaction of meeting the requirements described in this specification s

45、hall be demonstrated inconjunction with the site plan review.6. Documentation6.1 Documentation substantiating compliance with the requirements described in Section 5 shall include a scaled map of thevicinity of the proposed building with neighborhood assets and qualifying pedestrian routes clearly m

46、arked and dimensioned, anda corresponding table identifying the distance between the neighborhood assets and a primary entrance to the building. Where5.3.7.1 is applied, documentation shall include a dimensioned site plan and building elevation to demonstrate that relevantfacade(s) meet(s) the requi

47、rements of 5.3.7.1a and 5.3.7.1b.7. Keywords7.1 basic services; community services; diverse uses; green building; location efficiency; neighborhood; neighborhood assets;walkable, walkingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any

48、item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical c

49、ommittee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrigh