ASTM E2378-2013 Standard Practice for the Recognition of Impaired or Retired Personal Property《识别残障或退休人员资产的标准实施规程》.pdf
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1、Designation: E2378 05E2378 13Standard Practice forthe Recognition of Impaired or Retired Personal Property1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2378; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers guidance as to the proper treatment for accounting and accountability purposes when items are stillret
3、ained, but need to be recognized as impaired or retired to administrative control. This practice is intended to be used inconjunction with Practice E2279, which provides various principles to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the propertymanagement functions including functions. These incl
4、ude the concepts of materiality, best value, reasonable detail, and reasonableassurance. assurance and proper reporting. During the life cycle of property management, appropriate action must be taken at theappropriate time to be in conformance with these principles.The objective objective, on behalf
5、 of the owner, is to maintain propertyaccounting records that adequately represent the actual value of property. property and for accountability purposes apply theappropriate management and oversight.1.2 This practice covers the recognition of depreciation of personal property that is critical to a
6、fair representation of the entitysproperty and financial records. For instances when items for accounting or property management purposes may no longer servethe purpose that was originally intended, it may be more appropriate to recognize impairments or retire these items for recordkeeping purposes.
7、1.3 Generally, entities formally record, account, and inventory personal property that meet certain criteria, as defined by theentity, based upon acquisition cost thresholds, expendability, or useful life polices.policies. Accordingly, entities should establishrecurring depreciation cycles so that t
8、he property eligible for depreciation is fairly and consistently recorded in anthe entitysrecords in accordance with generally accepted accounting standards.principles.1.4 The percentage and frequency of depreciation is dependent on such factors as the nature of owned property, its useful life,and t
9、he frequency of property use in support of business-type activities of the entity.1.5 This standardpractice covers accepted practice as to of proper record keeping actions when items are fully depreciated foraccounting purposes and should be retired from the accounting as well as property management
10、 purposes when the asset no longerserves the purpose that was intended but still remains on the entities premises or continues to be under some form of control.1.6 Entities have a responsibility under their internal controls to operate effectively, efficiently, and in a reasonable andresponsible man
11、ner and to provide stakeholders best value as provided in public law, regulations and generally accepted accountingpractices.1.7 This standard is limited to property management functions. This standard does not purport to address tax concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility
12、 of the user of this standard to establish appropriate internal tax guidelines and todetermine the applicability of regulatory or statutory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2135 Terminology for Property and Asset ManagementE2219 Practice for Valuation and Managem
13、ent of Moveable, Durable Property (Withdrawn 2009)3E2279 Practice for Establishing the Guiding Principles of Property Management2.2 GAO Document:3GAO Government Auditing Standards (The Yellow Book) 20111 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E53 on PropertyAsset Management System
14、s and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E53.03 onFinancial Management.Current edition approved July 1, 2005July 15, 2013. Published July 2005July 2013. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E237805.DOI: 10.1520/E2378-05.10.1520/E2378-13.2 For referencedAST
15、M standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.ast
16、m.org.Available from the U. S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), 441 G St., NW,Washington, DC 20548, http:/www.gao.gov.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becaus
17、eit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Bar
18、r Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions: For definitions relating to Property and Asset Management, refer to Terminology E2135.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard Standard:3.2.1 abuse, nAbuse involves behavior that is
19、deficient or improper when compared with behavior that a prudent personwould consider reasonable and necessary business practice given the facts and circumstances. Abuse also includes misuse ofauthority or position for personal financial interests or those of an immediate or close family member or b
20、usiness associate.Abusedoes not necessarily involve fraud or noncompliance with provisions of laws, regulations, contracts or grant agreements. (Fromthe GAO Yellow Book, 2011.)3.2.2 administratively controlled items, nitems not requiring formal property control and accountability by propertymanageme
21、nt and accounting functions.3.2.3 accountability, nthe concept of accountability of resources and authority is fundamental to an entitys governing andmanagement processes. Management and officials entrusted with public and private resources are responsible for carrying outpublic and private function
22、s and providing service to the public and owners effectively, efficiently, economically, ethically, andequitably within the context of their given situationas reflected in applicable laws, regulations, agreements, standards, andinternal policy and direction. Management and officials are responsible
23、for providing reliable, useful, and timely information asneeded. (Adapted from the GAO Yellow Book, 2011.)3.2.3.1 DiscussionEffective, efficient and economical efforts include assessments of cost and benefits of requirements and actions.3.2.4 internal control, nan organizations system of internal co
24、ntrols that are designed to provide reasonable assurance ofachieving effective and efficient operations, reliable financial and performance reporting and compliance with applicable laws andregulations. (Adapted from the GAO Yellow Book, 2011.)4. Summary of Practice4.1 Entities should implement prope
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