ASTM E2226-2015a Standard Practice for Application of Hose Stream《软管流应用的标准实施规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: E2226 15a An American National StandardStandard Practice forApplication of Hose Stream1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2226; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONSeveral fire-test-response standards (such as ASTM E119, E814, E2074, and E1966) in order toassess the integrity of building eleme

3、nts after exposure to a specified test fire, require test specimensto be evaluated by exposure to a hose stream. It is important to standardize certain elements of the hosestream to promote uniformity in requirements. To attain this goal, this practice describes a standardapparatus for delivering a

4、solid stream of water and prescribes a standard method of subjectingbuilding elements to a hose stream after fire exposure.1. Scope1.1 This practice is applicable to building elements requiredto be subjected to the impact, erosion, and cooling effects of ahose stream as part of a fire-test-response

5、standard. Buildingelements include, but are not limited to, wall and partitionassemblies, fire-resistive joint systems, and doors.1.2 This practice shall register performance of the buildingelement under specific hose stream conditions. It shall notimply that, either after exposure or under other co

6、nditions, thestructural capability of the building element is intact or that thebuilding element is suitable for use.1.3 The result derived from this practice is one factor inassessing the integrity of building elements after fire exposure.The practice prescribes a standard hose stream exposure forc

7、omparing performance of building elements after fire expo-sure and evaluates various materials and construction tech-niques under common conditions.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that ar

8、e provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The text of this standard references notes which provideexplanatory material. These notes shall not be considered asrequirements of the standard.1.6 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitativemeasures.1.7 This standard

9、does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM S

10、tandards:2E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Constructionand MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE814 Test Method for Fire Tests of Penetration FirestopSystemsE1966 Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint SystemsE2074 Test Method for Fire Tests

11、 of Door Assemblies,Including Positive Pressure Testing of Side-Hinged andPivoted Swinging Door Assemblies (Withdrawn 2007)32.2 UL Standard:UL 385 Standard for Safety Play Pipes for Water SupplyTesting in Fire-Protection Service43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thispract

12、ice, refer to Terminologies E176 and E631.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on FireStandards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.11 on FireResistance.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published July

13、 2015. Originally approvedin 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E222615. DOI: 10.1520/E2226-15A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the sta

14、ndards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C

15、700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.1 building element, na component or assembly ofmaterials using products manufactured as independent unitscapable of being joined with or placed within other compo-nents or assemblies to create a structure.3.2.2 exposed area, nthe total surface

16、 area of the testassembly that is subjected to the fire-resistance test including,when required, the supporting construction.3.2.3 fully developed stream, na coherent, forceful projec-tion of water similar in shape and intensity to the stream beingapplied to the exposed side of the test assembly fro

17、m thenozzle.3.2.4 supporting construction, nconstruction required forthe testing of some building elements into which the testspecimen is assembled, for example, the wall into which a dooris fitted.3.2.5 test assembly, nthe building element or elementsbeing tested and, if applicable, the supporting

18、construction.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is intended to standardize the apparatusused and the method or pattern of application of a standardhose stream to building elements as one part of the assessmentand fire resistance of building elements.4.1.1 This practice specifies the water pres

19、sure and durationof application of the hose stream to the test assembly.4.2 This practice is intended to be used only after a testassembly has completed a prescribed standard fire-resistancetest.4.3 The practice exposes a test assembly to a standard hosestream under controlled laboratory conditions.

20、4.3.1 Pass/fail criteria are defined in the appropriate fire testmethod.4.3.2 This exposure is not intended to replicate typical firefighting operations or all applied or impact loads a systemcould be subjected to in field use and conditions.4.4 Any variation from tested conditions has the potential

21、 ofsubstantially changing the performance characteristics deter-mined by this practice.5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus used to apply the hose stream is shown inFig. 1 and shall be capable of delivering a solid stream of waterat the pressure specified in the fire-resistance test method.5.1.1 The water

22、stream shall be delivered through a 2-12 in.(64 mm) hose discharging through a National Standard Play-pipe of corresponding size equipped with a 1-18 in. (29 mm)discharge tip of standard taper, smooth-bore pattern without ashoulder at the orifice. Refer to UL 385.5.1.1.1 The playpipe shall be attach

23、ed at its base to a rigidsupport that permits the hose stream to be directed at thespecimen from top to bottom and from side to side as requiredin 8.4 without changing the location of the base of the playpiperelative to the test specimen. The rigid base is permitted to bea wheeled apparatus that is

24、blocked to prevent movementduring the hose stream application.NOTE 1Typical support and swivel devices are shown in Fig. 2.FIG. 1 Hose Stream ApparatusE2226 15a25.1.2 The water pressure at the base of the nozzle shall bemeasured by providing a 12 in. (305 mm) length of a straightrun 2-12 in. (64 mm)

25、 pipe between the hose and the playpipe.Eight inches downstream from one end, the pipe shall have an18 in. (3.2 mm) diameter pressure tap drilled through the pipesidewall with a pipe coupling welded or brazed concentricallyover the hole. The pressure tap shall be flush with andperpendicular (6 5) to

26、 the inner wall of the pipe. Burrs orother irregularities shall be removed or corrected.5.1.3 A pressure gauge calibrated in 1 psi (5 kPa) incre-ments shall be fitted on the end of the coupling. The pressuregauge shall be capable of reading a maximum pressure of atleast 59 psi (406 kPa) and shall ha

27、ve a full scale reading nogreater than 300 psi (2070 kPa).5.2 The hose stream apparatus shall be connected to asource of water capable of maintaining the required minimumpressure, as specified in the fire-resistance test method, at thenozzle under flow conditions throughout the hose stream test.6. T

28、est Specimen and Conditioning6.1 Prior to conducting the hose stream test, the testspecimen shall be conditioned and fire tested as specified in theapplicable fire-resistance test method.7. Nozzle Location7.1 The nozzle tip shall be located so that its axis is 90 tothe center of the test assembly as

29、 shown in Fig. 3. However, ifthe axis is other than 90, refer to 7.2.1.7.2 The distance between the center of the test assembly andthe nozzle tip shall be 20 6 1 ft (6.1 6 0.3 m) as shown in Fig.3.7.2.1 The distance specified in 7.2 shall be decreased by 1 ft(305 mm) for each 10 deviation from the n

30、ormal as shown inFig. 4. The maximum deviation from the normal shall notexceed 30.8. Procedure8.1 Prior to the fire test, the laboratory shall ensure that thedischarge pressure specified in the fire-resistance test method iscapable of being attained.8.2 Condition and fire test the test specimen in a

31、ccordancewith the requirements of the fire-resistance test method.8.3 Unless otherwise specified, immediately, but not longerthan 10 min after the termination of the fire test, perform all ofthe following prior to the application of the hose stream:8.3.1 Remove the test assembly and frame from the f

32、urnace,when applicable.8.3.2 Position the test assembly in such a manner as to beable to apply the hose stream to the entire surface of the testassembly that had been exposed to the fire.8.3.3 Position the tip of the nozzle at the specified distancefrom the center of the test assembly.8.3.4 Adjust t

33、he nozzle hose stream to the pressure specifiedin Table 1. During adjustment, the hose stream shall not contactthe test assembly.FIG. 2 Typical Hose Mounting MethodsE2226 15a38.3.5 Videotape or photograph both the exposed and unex-posed sides of the test assembly.FIG. 3 Nozzle Tip Position Relative

34、to Exposure Face of Test SpecimenFIG. 4 Nozzle Tip Position Correction for Deviation from 90E2226 15a48.3.6 Position personnel to obtain an unobstructed view ofboth the exposed and unexposed sides of the test assemblyduring the hose stream test.8.3.7 Commence the application of the hose stream asdes

35、cribed in 8.4.8.4 Commence the hose stream test by directing the hosestream to one corner of the test assembly first. Continue todirect the stream to the entire exposed face of the test assemblyin accordance with the following:8.4.1 Pass the hose stream across the test assembly at a rateof 3 to 6 fe

36、et per second (0.9 to 1.8 metres per second).Movement either from one side of the test assembly to theother, from the bottom of the test assembly to top, or from thetop of the test assembly to bottom, constitutes one pass.NOTE 2For example, Fig. 5 shows ten passes, five vertical and fivehorizontal.8

37、.4.2 Maintain the rate of application when changing direc-tions to make the return pass, and change direction off the testassembly without halting the directional movement of theapplication of the hose stream. Moving the nozzle from side toside, apply the hose stream to cover the entire exposed face

38、 ofthe fire test assembly. After completing the side-to-side appli-cation of the hose stream, immediately change direction andapply the hose stream over the exposed face of the assembly bymoving the nozzle at right angles to the side-to-side applica-tion. Fig. 5 is one example of the pattern that sh

39、all be used.NOTE 3Ideally, the spacing between hose stream passes in thehorizontal direction compared to the vertical direction does not differ bymore than 10 %.8.4.3 Terminate the application of the hose stream uponcompletion of the required duration specified in Table 1 orwhen failure occurs, whic

40、hever occurs first.8.4.4 After terminating the test, photograph both the ex-posed and unexposed sides of the test assembly.9. Observations During the Hose Stream9.1 Observe the unexposed surface of the test assemblyduring the application of the hose stream for the developmentof any hole, crack, or o

41、ther penetration that allows the passageof water from the hose stream.9.2 Observe any fully developed stream, wetting of theunexposed surface, water rolling down the unexposed surface,or water projected beyond the unexposed surface.10. Report10.1 Report test conditions and observations as part of th

42、efire resistance test report and as specified in the fire-resistancetest method.10.1.1 Report observations from the unexposed side of thetest assembly including the development of any hole, crack, orother penetration that allows the passage of water from thehose stream.10.1.2 Report any fully develo

43、ped stream, wetting of theunexposed surface, water rolling down the unexposed surface,or water projected beyond the unexposed surface.10.1.3 Report observations of water projecting between thedevice or construction and the supporting construction or thetest frame.11. Keywords11.1 building element; c

44、omposite assembly; curtain wall;door; fire barrier; fire-resistive joint system; fire stop; floor;hose stream; impact force; masonry unit assembly; nozzle;thermal shock; wall; windowTABLE 1 Water Pressure and Duration for Hose StreamResistance PeriodWater Pressure atBase of Nozzle, psi(kPa)Duration

45、ofApplication, min/100 ft2(9 m2)exposed area8 h and over 45 (310) 64 h and over if less than 8 h 45 (310) 52 h and over if less than 4 h 30 (207) 212112 h and over if less than 2 h 30 (207) 1121 h and over if less than 112 h 30 (207) 1Less than 1 h, if desired 30 (207) 1FIG. 5 Typical Hose Stream Pa

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