ASTM E1830-2015 Standard Test Methods for Determining Mechanical Integrity of Photovoltaic Modules 《测定光电模组机械一体性的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: E1830 15Standard Test Methods forDetermining Mechanical Integrity of Photovoltaic Modules1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1830; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determiningthe ability of photovoltaic modules to withstand the mechanicalloads, stress
3、es and deflections used to simulate, on an acceler-ated basis, high wind conditions, heavy snow and iceaccumulation, and non-planar installation effects.1.1.1 A static load test to 2400 Pa is used to simulate windloads on both module surfaces.1.1.2 A static load test to 5400 Pa is used to simulate h
4、eavysnow and ice accumulation on the module front surface.1.1.3 A twist test is used to simulate the non-planar mount-ing of a photovoltaic module by subjecting it to a twist angleof 1.2.1.1.4 A cyclic load test of 10 000 cycles duration and peakloading to 1440 Pa is used to simulate dynamic wind or
5、 otherflexural loading. Such loading might occur during shipment orafter installation at a particular location.1.2 These test methods define photovoltaic test specimensand mounting methods, and specify parameters that must berecorded and reported.1.3 Any individual mechanical test may be performedsi
6、ngly, or may be combined into a test sequence with othermechanical or nonmechanical tests, or both. Certain precondi-tioning test methods such as annealing or light soaking mayalso be necessary or desirable as a part of such a sequence.However, the determination of such test sequencing andpreconditi
7、oning is beyond the scope of these test methods.1.4 These test methods do not establish pass or fail levels.The determination of acceptable or unacceptable results isbeyond the scope of these test methods.1.5 These test methods do not apply to concentrator mod-ules.1.6 The values stated in SI units
8、are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thehazards portion, Section 6, and the warning statements, 7.5.3.2and 7.6.3.2, of these test methods. This standard does notpurport to address all of the
9、safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E772 Terminology of Solar Energy
10、ConversionE1036 Test Methods for Electrical Performance of Noncon-centrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Modules and ArraysUsing Reference CellsE1462 Test Methods for Insulation Integrity and GroundPath Continuity of Photovoltaic ModulesE1799 Practice for Visual Inspections of Photovoltaic Mod-ules3. Te
11、rminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms used in these testmethods may be found in Terminology E772.4. Significance and Use4.1 The useful life of photovoltaic modules may depend ontheir ability to withstand periodic exposure to high wind forces,cyclic loads induced by specific site conditions or
12、 shipmentmethods, high loads caused by accumulated snow and ice onthe module surface, and twisting deflections caused by mount-ing to non-planar surfaces or structures. The effects on themodule may be physical or electrical, or both. Mostimportantly, the effects may compromise the safety of themodul
13、e, particularly in high voltage applications, or where thepublic may be exposed to broken glass or other debris.4.2 These test methods describe procedures for mountingthe test specimen, conducting the prescribed mechanical tests,and reporting the effects of the testing.1These test methods are under
14、the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E44 onSolar, Geothermal and Other Alternative Energy Sources and are the directresponsibility of Subcommittee E44.09 on Photovoltaic Electric Power Conversion.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edi
15、tion approved in 2009 as E1830 - 04. DOI:10.1520/E1830-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copy
16、right ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2.1 The mounting and fastening method shall comply withthe manufacturers recommendations as closely as possible. Ifslots or multiple mounting holes are provided on the moduleframe for opti
17、onal mounting point capability, the worst-casemounting positions shall be selected in order to subject themodule to the maximum stresses.4.2.2 If an unframed module is being tested, the moduleshall be mounted in strict accordance with the manufacturersinstructions using the recommended attachment cl
18、ips, brackets,fasteners or other hardware, and tightened to the specifiedtorque.4.2.3 The test specimen is mounted on a test base in a planarmanner (unless specified otherwise), simulating a field mount-ing arrangement in order to ensure that modules are tested in aconfiguration that is representati
19、ve of their use in the field.4.2.4 During the twist test, the module is mounted in amanner simulating a non-planar field mounting where one ofthe fastening points is displaced to create an intentional twist of1.2.4.3 Data obtained during testing may be used to evaluateand compare the effects of the
20、simulated environments on thetest specimens. These test methods require analysis of bothvisible effects and electrical performance effects.4.3.1 Effects on modules may vary from no changes tosignificant changes. Some physical changes in the module maybe visible even though there are no apparent elec
21、trical perfor-mance changes. Conversely, electrical performance changesmay occur with no visible change in the module.4.3.2 All conditions of measurement, effects of the testexposure, and any deviations from these test methods must bedescribed in the report so that an assessment of their signifi-can
22、ce can be made.4.4 If these test methods are being performed as part of acombined sequence with other mechanical or nonmechanicaltests, the results of the final electrical test (7.2) and visualinspection (7.3) from one test may be used as the initialelectrical test and visual inspection for the next
23、 test; duplica-tion of these tests is unnecessary unless so specified.4.5 Some module designs may not use any external metalliccomponents and thus lack a ground point designation by themodule manufacturer. In these cases, the ground path continu-ity test is not applicable.5. Apparatus5.1 In addition
24、 to the apparatus required for Test MethodsE1036 and E1462, the following apparatus is required.5.2 Open Circuit Fault DetectionInstrumentation formonitoring the module under test for open circuit conditionsduring the mechanical integrity tests. An acceptable apparatusis described in Annex A1.5.3 St
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