ASTM E1334-1995(2005) Standard Practice for Rating the Serviceability of a Building or Building-Related Facility《评定建筑物或相关建筑设施耐用性的标准实施规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: E 1334 95 (Reapproved 2005)An American National StandardStandard Practice forRating the Serviceability of a Building or Building-RelatedFacility1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1334; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal a

2、doption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis is a definitive procedure for rating the serviceability of a sp

3、ecific building or building-relatedfacility, that is, its capability to perform to any one of a range of levels of serviceability. This proceduretakes into account factors such as location, mechanical systems, age, and building shape. It can alsobe used to compare how well different buildings or bui

4、lding-related facilities can meet any given setof occupant requirements, despite differences in any or all of those factors. Many parts of theprocedure can also be used to rate the serviceability of a proposed building, that has been designed butnot yet built, remodelled, or rehabilitated.For each g

5、eneric type or category of building or building-related facility, many topics ofserviceability are rated. For each topic a rating scale is obtained, or prepared. A rating scale containsdescriptions of combinations of features, such as materials and design, which may be found in abuilding or building

6、-related facility. Each combination of features described in the scale is indicativeof a certain level of serviceability on that topic, within a predetermined range.For each topic, the combination of features found in the building, building-related facility, or designare compared with those describe

7、d in the appropriate rating scale. The combination of features thatmost closely matches what is physically present in the building, building-related facility, or design,indicates the serviceability level for that topic.In comparing ratings prepared for one building with ratings for another building,

8、 it is essential thatthe same set of rating scales be used for both buildings. Organizations may use a generic, standardizedset of scales. An organization may also adapt the scales for specialized, internal application, or createits own, in which case, it forgoes the possibility of external comparis

9、on.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers a definitive procedure for rating theserviceability of a building or building-related facility, that is,for ascertaining its capability to perform the functions forwhich it is designed, used, or required to be used. A separatescale is used for each topic of servic

10、eability. For each topic, aserviceability level is ascertained. Overall serviceability isexpressed as a profile of levels (that is, not as a single number),and may be presented as a bar chart.1.2 This practice is not intended to be used for regulatorypurposes.1.3 This practice can be used to rate th

11、e serviceability of abuilding or building-related facility that has been planned butnot yet built, or which is about to be remodelled or rehabili-tated, for example, for which single-line drawings and outlinespecifications have been prepared.1.4 This practice specifies how to ascertain serviceabilit

12、ylevels for a specific building, but not what would cause abuilding to be rated at a given level. That information is foundin standard classifications for specific topics of serviceabilitythat contain a set of requirement and rating scales. This practiceand one or more such standard classifications

13、are mutuallydependent. Each requires the other. The format of suchstandard classifications, and of related information, is de-scribed in Appendix X1. An example of the scales written forsuch classifications is given in Appendix X3.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Per

14、for-mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.25 onWhole Buildings and Facilities.Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E 1334 95 (1999).2Portions of this document are based on mat

15、erial originally prepared by theInternational Centre for Facilities (ICF) and r 1993 by ICF and Minister of PublicWorks and Government Services Canada. Their cooperation in the development ofthis standard is acknowledged.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh

16、ocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.1.5 This practice does not cover building evaluation, build-ing condition reports, nor diagnosis of performance; nor does itcover instruments, tools or quality of measurements for evalu-ation, condition reports, or diagnosis of performance.1.6 This practice applie

17、s only to facilities that are buildingconstructions, parts thereof, or building-related. While thispractice may be useful in rating the serviceability of facilitiesthat are not building constructions, such facilities are outsidethe scope of this practice.1.7 The process for creating or adapting a se

18、t of classifica-tions for a specific facility type or category is outside the scopeof this practice.1.8 This practice contains the following information:SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Practice 4Significance and Use 5Procedure 6Keywords 7Flow Chart for Rating

19、Serviceability of a Building or Building-RelatedFacility for a Specific PurposeFig. 1Format of a Classification for the Serviceability of a Facility Type orCategoryAppendix X1Example: Checklist for Tour of a Building Appendix X2Example: Part of a Pair of Serviceability Scales for One Topic Appendix

20、X3Example: Part of a Pair of Matching Serviceability Profiles Pre-sented asBarchartsAppendix X4Example: Titles of Aspects, Topics, and Features Appendix X5Example: List of Common Generic Types of Facility Appendix X62. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E 631 Terminology of Building Constructio

21、nsE 1480 Terminology of Facility Management (Building-Related)2.2 ISO Document:ISO 6240 International Standard, Performance Standards inBuildingContents and Presentation43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor standard definitions of additionalterms applicable to this practice, see Terminologies E 631 andE

22、 1480.3.1.1 aspect, nof serviceability, a broad component ofserviceability, comprising several related topics of serviceabil-ity.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe serviceability of a building orbuilding-related facility can be rated on each topic for which ascale has been prepared, but not for an aspect.3.1.2 b

23、uilding, na shelter comprising a partially or totallyenclosed space, erected by means of a planned process offorming and combining materials. Compare facility (E 631)3.1.3 facility, na physical setting used to serve a specificpurpose. Compare building (E 631)3.1.3.1 DiscussionA facility may be withi

24、n a building, ora whole building, or a building with its site and surroundingenvironment; or it may be a construction that is not a building.The term encompasses both the physical object and its use.3.1.4 facility performancethe behavior in service of afacility for a specified use. (E 631)3.1.4.1 Di

25、scussionThe scope of this performance is of thefacility as a system, including its subsystems, components, andmaterials and their interactions, such as acoustical, hydrother-mal, air purity, and economic; and of the relative importance ofeach performance requirement.3.1.5 facility serviceabilitycapa

26、bility of a facility to per-form the function(s) for which it is designed, used, or requiredto be used. (E 631)3.1.6 facility serviceability profile, na graphic representa-tion, usually as a bar chart, of the level of serviceability foreach topic of serviceability.3.1.7 feature, nof a facility, a ph

27、ysical element of abuilding, building component, building subsystem, unit offurnishing or equipment, or of a location, or of an aspect ofdesign, arrangement, form or color, which helps or hinders thesatisfaction of a requirement for serviceability.3.1.7.1 DiscussionA feature may be a physical featur

28、e ordesign feature, or both. For example, a particular soundabsorbency in a ceiling may be adequate in a carpeted spacebut may be inadequate in a space with a hard floor covering.3.1.8 combination of features, nof a facility, two or morefeatures which, when present together in a facility, affect ale

29、vel of serviceability of that facility.3.1.9 functionality, adjof a building, being suitable for aparticular use or function. (E 1480)3.1.10 knowledgeable person, nan individual who hastechnical knowledge about the building or facility, for example,about occupant requirements, building design, mecha

30、nicalsystems, operation, and maintenance.3.1.10.1 DiscussionIn larger facilities, the senior personwho is at a facility full time to manage its operation may bebest qualified to participate, as knowledgeable person, in theprocess of rating that facility.3.1.11 level, nof serviceability, a number ind

31、icating therelative serviceability of a building for one topic on a prede-termined range, for example, a range from 1 to 9.3.1.12 occupant, nof a facility, a group, department,agency or corporation, or other organization, or a part thereof,or an individual or individuals thereof, that is or will beo

32、ccupying space in a particular facility.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Ameri

33、can National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.E 1334 95 (2005)23.1.12.1 DiscussionPersons who are authorized to bepresent only temporarily, or in special circumstances as thosepermitted to pass through during an emergency, are visitors.3.1.13 offce, na place,

34、such as an open workspace, room,suite, or building, in which business, clerical, or professionalactivities are conducted.3.1.14 rater, na person having primary responsibility fororganizing and conducting the rating process for a building orbuilding-related facility.3.1.15 rating process, nthe proces

35、s of determining theserviceability of a facility for a specified purpose. (E 1480)3.1.16 rating scale, nfor a topic of facility serviceability,a set of descriptions of combinations of features, in which eachcombination has been selected to indicate a specific level ofserviceability on a scale from t

36、he lowest to the highest levellikely to be encountered. (E 1480)3.1.17 serviceabilitysee facility serviceability.3.1.18 topic, nof serviceability, a part of the serviceabilityof a facility, for which a paired set of requirement and ratingscales can be prepared.3.1.18.1 DiscussionAt any level of serv

37、iceability, a topiccan be expressed in two ways: (1) a statement of requirementin the normal language of occupants or owners, and (2)astatement in technical performance language describing thecombination of features which meet that requirement. Eachstatement is a translation of the other. Several re

38、lated topics,taken together, typically comprise one aspect of serviceability.3.2 Description Of Term Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 In this practice, unless otherwise indicated, the termbuilding is used to encompass, building, building-relatedfacility, and proposed design for a building. The term f

39、acility isused to mean building-related facility. Use of the singular inthis practice does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) whenthe sense allows.FIG. 1 Summary Diagram of Procedure for Rating the Serviceability of a Building or Building-Related FacilityE 1334 95 (2005)34. Summary of Practice4

40、.1 This practice is summarized in Fig. 1, which provides aflow chart for rating the serviceability of a building for aspecific purpose.4.2 For rating its own buildings, an organization maychoose among these options:4.2.1 The organization may use an existing ASTM standardset of classifications for th

41、e type(s) of facility used by theorganization.4.2.2 It may prepare a set of classifications containingrequirement and rating scales, and rules for adjustment, allconsistent with its own internal standards for facilities.NOTE 1Serviceability ratings prepared with such internal standardswould not be d

42、irectly comparable to ratings prepared using an ASTMstandard set of classifications.4.2.3 It may support the development of a new set ofstandard classifications through the ASTM voluntary consen-sus process. The recommended format of such classifications isdescribed in Appendix X1.5. Significance an

43、d Use5.1 This practice provides a means of rating the serviceabil-ity levels of any building.5.2 This practice provides a method for comparing how welldifferent buildings meet a particular set of requirements forserviceability, despite differences such as location, structure,mechanical systems, age,

44、 and building shape.5.3 This practice is not affected by the complexity of therequirements for serviceability.5.4 This practice provides a framework within which designprofessionals and managers can select the most cost-effectivemeans to achieve a target level of serviceability.5.5 This practice can

45、 be used by any individual withsufficient knowledge of buildings to identify the features thatare present.5.6 This practice can be applied to many functional types ofbuildings, provided that an appropriate set of classifications,including rating scales, has been established for each type (seeAppendi

46、x X1).5.7 This practice can be used to determine (1) the service-ability (present capability) of an existing building for usesother than its present use; (2) the serviceability (potentialcapability) of a building that has been planned but not yet built;and (3) the serviceability (potential capabilit

47、y) of a building forwhich a remodeling or rehabilitation has been planned.5.8 This practice can be used to determine how well abuilding is capable of meeting some social objective andrequirement, such as the impact of its location on the transpor-tation needs of its present or future occupants, the

48、need forwater and energy conservation, the impact of the buildingsystems, and materials on green building issues.5.9 Use of this practice will help the user understand howvarious subsystems and materials used in a building interact toprovide an overall level of serviceability, and how variouscombina

49、tion of features interact to determine the overallserviceability of the building.5.10 Examples of Potential Applications:5.10.1 Project Feasibility, For example, when the owner ofan older building considers remodelling it into apartments, orneeds to rehabilitate it to bring it up to current market demand.5.10.2 Select Option Before Leasing, For example, a corpo-rate real estate and facility manager compares ratings of severaloffice facilities before selecting which to lease.5.10.3 Compare Serviceability of Design Options, For ex-ample, an architect rate