ASTM E1025-2011 red 6250 Standard Practice for Design Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology《放射学用金属丝图像质量指示器.pdf

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1、Designation:E102505 Designation: E1025 11Standard Practice forDesign, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classificationof Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used forRadiology1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1025; the number immediately following the designation indicates t

2、he year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice2covers the design, material groupi

3、ng classification, and manufacture of hole-type image quality indicators(IQI) used to indicate the quality of radiologic images.1.2 This practice is applicable to X-ray and gamma-ray radiology.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport

4、 to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B139/B13

5、9M Specification for Phosphor Bronze Rod, Bar, and ShapesB150MSpecification for Aluminum Bronze, Rod, Bar, and Shapes MetricB161Specification for Nickel Seamless Pipe and Tube 150/B150M Specification for Aluminum Bronze Rod, Bar, and ShapesB164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and Wir

6、eB166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025, N06045,and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617), and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten Alloy(UNS N06674) Rod, Bar, and WireE746 Practice for Determining Relative Image Qualit

7、y Response of Industrial Radiographic Imaging SystemsE747 Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used forRadiologyE1735 Test Method for Determining Relative Image Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Exposed to X-Radiation from

8、 4to 25 MeVE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE2662 Practice for Radiologic Examination of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in AerospaceApplications2.2 Department of Defense (DoD) Documents:MIL-I-24768 Insulation, Plasti

9、cs, Laminated, Thermosetting; General Specification for43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions of terms relating to gamma and X-radiology in Terminology E1316, Section D, shall apply tothe terms used in this practice.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestruct

10、ive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on RadiographicPractice and Penetrameters.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as E1025-98. DOI:10.1520/E1025-05.on Radiology (X and Gamma) M

11、ethod.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1025 - 05. DOI:10.1520/E1025-11.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice SE-1025 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced

12、ASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4Superston is a registered trademark of Superston Corp., Jersey City, NJ.4Ava

13、ilable from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dodssp.daps.dla.mil.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to t

14、he previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary

15、 of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Hole-Type IQI Requirements4.1 Image quality indicators (IQIs) used to determine radiologic-image quality levels shall conform t

16、o the followingrequirements.4.1.1Standard Hole-Type IQIs:4.1.1.1Image4.1.1 All image quality indicators (IQIs) shall be fabricated from materials or alloys identified or listed inaccordance with 7.3. Other materials may be used in accordance with 7.4.4.1.1.2Image quality indicators (IQIs) shall dime

17、nsionally conform to the requirements of4.1.2 Standard Hole-Type IQIs:4.1.2.1 Standard Hole-Type Image quality indicators (IQIs) shall dimensionally conform to the requirements of Fig. 1.4.1.1.3Both the rectangular and the circular IQI shall be identified with number(s) made of lead or a material of

18、 similar radiationopacity. The number shall be bonded to the rectangular IQIs and shall be placed adjacent to circular IQIs to provide identificationof the IQI on the image. The identification numbers shall indicate the thickness of the IQI in thousandths of an inch, that is, anumber 10 IQI is 0.010

19、 in. thick, a number 100 IQI is 0.100 in. thick, etc. Additional identification requirements are provided in4.1.3 Modified Hole-Type IQI:4.1.3.1 The rectangular IQI may be modified in length and width as necessary for special applications, provided the hole size(s)and IQI thickness conform to Fig. 1

20、 or 4.1.4, as applicable.4.1.3.2 The IQIs shall be identified as specified in 4.1.5 to 4.1.5.2, as applicable, except that the identification numbers maybe placed adjacent to the IQI if placement on the IQI is impractical.4.1.3.3 When modified IQIs are used, details of the modification shall be docu

21、mented in the records accompanying theexamination results.4.1.4 True T-hole Diameter IQI:4.1.4.1 It may be desirable for non-film applications to use true T-hole diameter IQIs for numbers 1 through 9.4.1.4.2 Hole sizes for true T-hole diameter IQIs may be made by using laser or an electric discharge

22、 machining (EDM) processand shall be within 610 % of 1T, 2T and 4T (See Fig. 1, Note 3 for T)4.1.4.3 When true T-hole-diameter IQIs are used, details of the modifications shall be documented in the records accompanyingthe examination results.4.1.5 Both the rectangular and the circular IQIs shall be

23、identified with number(s) made of lead or a material of similar radiationopacity. The number shall be bonded to the rectangular IQIs and shall be placed adjacent to circular IQIs to provide identificationof the IQI on the image. The identification numbers shall indicate the thickness of the IQI in t

24、housandths of an inch, that is, anumber 10 IQI is 0.010 in. thick, a number 100 IQI is 0.100 in. thick, etc. Additional identification requirements are provided in7.2.4.1.1.4Alloy-group identification shall be in accordance with4.1.5.1 Alternative Identification MethodIt may be desirable for non-fil

25、m applications to eliminate the lead number identifiersand replace them with either material addition or material removal methods as stated below:(1) Material Addition MethodNumbers may be made of the same material as that of the IQI and of sufficient thickness tobe clearly discernable within the ra

26、diologic image.(2) Material Removal MethodNumbers may be cut into the IQI in such a manner as to be clearly discernable in the radiologicimage. Processes such as laser etching, chemical etching, precision stamping, etc., may be used to create the numbers within theIQI.4.1.5.2 Alloy-group identificat

27、ion shall be in accordance with 7.2. Rectangular IQIs shall be notched as shown in Fig. 2.Rectangular IQIs shall be notched. Image quality indicators (IQIs) shall be vibrotooled or etched as specified.4.1.2Modified Hole-Type IQI:4.1.2.1The rectangular IQI may be modified in length and width as neces

28、sary for special applications, provided the hole size(s)and IQI thickness conform to Fig. 1, except the corner notch for Group 001 is at a 45 degree angle. Round IQIs shall bevibrotooled or etched as shown in Fig. 3.4.1.2.2The IQIs shall be identified as specified in 4.1.1.3, except that the identif

29、ication numbers may be placed adjacent to theIQI if placement on the IQI is impractical.4.1.2.3When modified IQIs are used, details of the modification shall be documented in the records accompanying theexamination results.4.1.5.3 True T-hole diameter IQI identification numbers shall be rotated 90 a

30、s compared to Standard Hole Type IQIs. See Fig.4.5. IQI Procurement5.1 When selecting IQIsIQIs for procurement, the following factors should be considered:5.1.1 Determine the alloy group(s) of the material to be examined.5.1.2 Determine the thickness or thickness range of the material(s) to be exami

31、ned.5.1.3Select the applicable IQIs that represent the required IQI thickness and alloy(s).5.1.3 Determine the Image Quality Level requirements as described in Section 6 and Table 1.E1025 1125.1.4 Select the applicable IQIs that represent the required IQI thickness and alloy(s).NOTE 1Tolerances for

32、IQI thickness and hole diameter.NOTE 2Tolerances for True T-hole Diameter IQI thickness and hole diameter shall be 610 %.NOTE 3XX identification number equals T in .001 inches.NOTE 4IQIs No. 1 through 9 for Standard Hole Type IQIs (4.1.2) are not 1T,2T, and 4T.NOTE 5Holes shall be true and normal to

33、 the IQI. Do not chamfer.IdentificationNumber T(Note 3) A in. (mm) B in. (mm) C in. (mm) D in. (mm) E in. (mm) F in. (mm) Tolerances (Note 2)14 1.500 (38.1) 0.750 (19.05) 0.438 (11.13) 0.250 (6.35) 0.500 (12.7) 0.250 (6.35) 610%60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60

34、.030 (0.76)520 1.500 (38.1) 0.750 (19.05) 0.438 (11.13) 0.250 (6.35) 0.500 (12.7) 0.250 (6.35) 60.0005 (0.127)60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.030 (0.76)2150 1.500 (38.1) 0.750 (19.05) 0.438 (11.13) 0.250 (6.35) 0.500 (12.7) 0.250 (6.35) 60.0025 (0.635)60.015

35、(0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.015 (0.38) 60.030 (0.76)51160 2.250 (57.15) 1.375 (34.93) 0.750 (19.05) 0.375 (9.53) 1.000 (25.4) 0.375 (9.53) 60.005 (0.127)60.030 (0.762) 60.030 (0.762) 60.030 (0.762) 60.030 (0.762) 60.030 (0.762) 60.030 (0.762)Over 160 1.330T 0.830T . . . . 60.

36、010 (0.254)60.005 (0.127) 60.005 (0.127)FIG. 1 IQI DesignE1025 113NOTCH TOLERANCESWidth +150(A) Depth +116 in. (1.588mm)132 in. (0.794 mm)FIG. 2 Rectangular IQI Notch Identification and Material GroupingFIG. 3 Circular IQI IdentificationE1025 114NOTE 1This practice does not recommend or suggest spec

37、ific IQI sets to be procured. Section 5 is an aid in selecting IQIsIQIs based on specificneeds.6. Image Quality Levels6.1 Image quality levels are designated by a two part expression; X-YT. The first part of the expression, X, refers to the IQIthickness expressed as a percentage of the specimen thic

38、kness. The second part of the expression, YT , refers to the diameter ofthe required hole and is expressed as a multiple of the IQI thickness, T . The image quality level 2-2(for example, the image qualitylevel 2-2T means that the IQI thickness, T is 2% of the specimen thickness and that the diamete

39、r of the IQI imaged hole is 23theIQI thickness. , is no more than 2 % of the specimen thickness and that the diameter of the required IQI hole is 2 3 T).NOTE 2Standard Hole Type Image Quality Indicators (IQIs)(IQIs) less than number 10 have hole sizes 0.010, 0.020, and 0.040 in. diameterregardless o

40、f the IQI thickness. Therefore, IQIsStandard Hole Type IQIs less than number 10 do not represent the quality levels specified in 6.1 andTable 1. The equivalent sensitivity can be computed from data furnished in . The equivalent IQI sensitivity (EPS) can be calculated using the equationin Appendix X1

41、.6.2 Typical image quality level designations are shown in Table 1. The level of inspection specified should be based on servicerequirements of the product. Care should be taken in specifying True T-hole Diameter Type IQIs (4.1.4) and/or image qualitylevels 2-1T, 1-1T, and 1-2T by first determining

42、that these levels can be maintained in production.6.3 In specifying image quality levels, the contract, purchase order, product specification, or drawing should state the propertwo-part expression and clearly indicate the thickness of the metalmaterial to which the level refers. In place of a design

43、atedtwopart expression, the IQI number and minimum discernible hole size shall be specified.6.4 Appendix X1 of this practice provides methods a method for determining equivalent penetrameterIQI sensitivity (EPS) inpercent. Under certain conditions (as described within the purchaser-supplier agreemen

44、t), EPS may be useful in relating adiscernible hole size of the IQI thickness with the section thickness radiographed for establishing an overall technical image qualityequivalency. This is not an alternative IQI provision for the originally specified IQI requirement of this practice, but may be aus

45、eful tool for establishing technical image equivalency on a case basis need with specific customer approvals.6.5 Practice E747 contains provisions for wire IQIs that use varying length and diameter wires to affecteffect image qualityrequirements. The requirements of Practice E747 are different from

46、this standard; however, Practice E747 (see Table 4) containsprovisions whereby wire sizes equivalent to corresponding 1T, 2T and 4T holes for various plaque thicknesses are provided.Appendix X1 of Practice E747 also provides methods for determining equivalencies between wire and hole type IQIs. This

47、 is notan alternative IQI provision for the originally specified IQI requirements of this practice, but may be useful for establishingtechnical image equivalency on a case basis need with specific customer approvals.6.6 Test Methods E746 and E1735 provide additional tools for determining relative im

48、age quality response of industrialradiographic film radiological systems when exposed to energy levels described within those test methods. Both of these testFIG. 4 True T-hole Diameter Type IQI Identification OrientationTABLE 1 Typical Image Quality LevelsStandard Image Quality LevelsImage QualityL

49、evelsIQI ThicknessMinimumPrerceptibleHoleDiameterEquivalent IQISensitivity, %A2-1T150 (2 %) of Specimen Thickness 1T 1.42-2TB2T 2.02-4T 4T 2.8Special Image Quality Levels1-1T1100 (1 %) of Specimen Thickness 1T 0.71-2T 2T 14-2T125 (4 %) of Specimen Thickness 2T 4AEquivalent IQI sensitivity is that thickness of the IQI, expressed as a percent-age of the part thickness, in which the 2T hole would be visible under the sameconditions.BFor Level 2-2T RadiologicThe 2T holeinanIQI,150 (2 %) of the specimenthickness, is visible.E