ASTM E336-2015 3546 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings《建筑物房间之间气载声衰减率测量的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: E336 15Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation betweenRooms in Buildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l

2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is part of a set

3、 of standards for evaluating the sound-insulating properties ofbuilding elements. It is designed to measure the sound isolation between two rooms or to estimatelower limits for sound transmission through a partition element installed as an interior part of abuilding. Others in the set cover the airb

4、orne sound transmission loss of an isolated partition elementin a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method E90), the laboratory measurement of impactsound transmission through floors (Test Method E492), the measurement of impact sound transmis-sion in buildings (Test Method E1007), the measure

5、ment of sound transmission through buildingfacades and facade elements (Guide E966), the measurement of sound transmission through acommon plenum between two rooms (Test Method E1414/E1414M), and measurement of thenormalized insertion loss of doors (Test Method E2964).1. Scope1.1 The sound isolation

6、 between two spaces in a building isdetermined by a combination of the direct transmission throughthe nominally separating building element (as normally mea-sured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number ofindirect paths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1illustrates the direc

7、t paths and some possible structural flankingpaths. Additional non-structural flanking paths may includetransmission through common air ducts between rooms, ordoors to the corridor from adjacent rooms.1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures andmetrics to assess the sound isolation b

8、etween two rooms orportions thereof in a building separated by a common partitionincluding both direct and flanking transmission paths or theapparent sound insulation of the separating partition. Appro-priate measures and their single number ratings are the noisereduction (NR) and noise isolation cl

9、ass (NIC), the normalizednoise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class(NNIC), and the apparent transmission loss (ATL) and appar-ent sound transmission class (ASTC).With the exception of theATL andASTC under specified conditions, these procedures inthe main part of the test method are o

10、nly applicable when bothroom volumes are less than 150 m3.NOTE 1The word “partition” in this test method includes all types ofwalls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The bound-aries may be permanent, operable, or movable.1.3 The NR and NIC between two locations may always bemea

11、sured and reported though conditions present will influencehow measurements are made. Restrictions such as minimumroom volume or dimensions or maximum room absorption areimposed for all other measures and ratings in this standard.Thus, conditions may exist that will not allow NNR (NNIC),ATL(ASTC) or

12、 FTL(FSTC) to be measured. Where a partitionbetween rooms is composed of parts that are constructeddifferently, or contains an element such as a door, it is notpossible to measure the ATL and ASTC of the individualelements or portions of the partition. To evaluate the fieldperformance of a door less

13、 than 6 m2in area, use Test MethodE2964.1.4 Annex A1 provides methods to assess the sound trans-mission through a partition or partition element with theinfluence of flanking transmission reduced. These methodsmay be used when it must be demonstrated that a partition hasachieved a specified minimum

14、sound attenuation. The resultsare the field transmission loss (FTL) and field sound transmis-sion class (FSTC).1.5 Annex A2 provides methods to measure the soundisolation between portions of two rooms in a building separatedby a common partition including both direct and flanking paths1This test met

15、hod is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E33 on Buildingand Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE33.03 on Sound Transmission.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2014 a

16、s E336 14. DOI:10.1520/E0336-15Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1when at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m3or more.The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolationclass (NIC).1.6 The values stated

17、in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 The text of this test method references notes andfootnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirem

18、ents of the standard.1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health pract

19、ices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C634 Terminology Relating to Building and EnvironmentalAcousticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of AirborneSound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions andElementsE413

20、 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of ImpactSound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling AssembliesUsing the Tapping MachineE966 Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne SoundAttenuation of Building Facades and Facade ElementsE1007 Test Method for Fiel

21、d Measurement of TappingMachine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies and Associated Support StructuresE1414/E1414M Test Method for Airborne Sound Attenua-tion Between Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling PlenumE2235 Test Method for Determination of Decay Rates forUse in Sound Insulat

22、ion Test MethodsE2964 Test Method for Measurement of the NormalizedInsertion Loss of Doors2.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.10 Pressure Calibration of Laboratory Standard PressureMicrophonesS1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital FiltersS1.40 Specification and Verifica

23、tion Procedures for SoundCalibratorsS1.43 Specifications for Integrating-Averaging Sound LevelMeters2.3 IEC Standard:4IEC 60942 ElectroacousticsSound CalibratorsIEC 61672 ElectroacousticsSound Level Meters2.4 ISO Standard:5ISO 16283-1:2014 Acoustics - Field measurement of soundinsulation in building

24、s and of building elements - Part 1:Airborne sound insulation3. Terminology3.1 The following terms used in this test method havespecific meanings that are defined in Terminology C634:3.1.1 airborne sound; background noise; decay rate; decibel;diffuse sound field; field sound transmission class, FSTC

25、; fieldtransmission loss, FTL; flanking transmission; pink noise;receiving room; self-noise; sound absorption; sound attenua-tion; sound insulation; sound isolation; sound pressure level;sound transmission loss, TL; source room2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orc

26、ontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org4Availab

27、le from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.5Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.FIG. 1

28、Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a BuildingE336 152NOTE 2The unqualified term average sound pressure level in thisdocument means that sound pressure levels were averaged over themeasurement region for specified periods of time.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This

29、 Standard:3.2.1 apparent transmission loss, ATL (dB), nof a parti-tion installed in a building, in a specified frequency band isoperationally defined as:ATL 5 LH12 LH2110logSSA2D(1)where:S = the area of the partition common to both source andreceiving rooms, m2A2= the sound absorption in the receivi

30、ng room, m2L1= the source room average sound pressure level, dB andL2= the receiving room average sound pressure level result-ing from the combined effect of direct and flankingtransmission, dB.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThroughout this test method, log istaken to mean log10, unless otherwise indicated.3.2.1

31、.2 DiscussionThis definition attributes all the powertransmitted into the receiving room, by direct and flankingpaths, to the area of the partition common to both rooms. Ifflanking transmission is significant, the ATL will be less thanthe TL for the partition. Apparent transmission loss (ATL) isequi

32、valent in meaning to apparent sound reduction index(ASRI) used by ISO 16283-1:2014.3.2.2 apparent sound transmission class, ASTC, na singlenumber rating obtained by applying the classification proce-dure of Classification E413 to apparent transmission loss data.3.2.3 coupled space, na secondary spac

33、e that is adjacentto and partially open to the primary space on the same side ofthe separating partition and which meets spatial and soundlevel distribution requirements sufficient to allow the second-ary space to be included as part of the measurement space withthe primary space.3.2.3.1 DiscussionF

34、ig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate conditionsthat may be coupled spaces.3.2.3.2 DiscussionTo qualify as a coupled space in thisstandard the space must meet requirements specified in 9.4.1.3.2.4 direct transmission, nsound that travels between asource and a receiving room only through the common(separating)

35、 building element.3.2.5 noise reduction, NR, (dB), nin a specified frequencyband, the difference between the sound pressure levels at twowell-defined locations.3.2.6 noise isolation class, NIC, na single-number ratingcalculated in accordance with Classification E413 using mea-sured values of noise r

36、eduction.3.2.7 normalized noise reduction, NNR, (dB), nbetweentwo rooms of less than 150 cubic meters, in a specifiedfrequency band, the value that the noise reduction, NR, in agiven field test would have if the reverberation time in thereceiving room were 0.5 s. NNR is calculated as follows:NNR 5 N

37、R110logST0.5D(2)where:NR = noise reduction, dB, andT = reverberation time in receiving room, s.3.2.7.1 DiscussionThe normalized noise reduction is in-tended to approximate the noise reduction that would existbetween two ordinarily furnished rooms.3.2.8 normalized noise isolation class, NNIC (dB), na

38、single-number rating for noise isolation between two roomsboth less than 150 cubic meters calculated in accordance withClassification E413 using measured values of normalized noisereduction. (See normalized noise reduction.)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The source and receiving rooms are selected, th

39、e mea-surement spaces and volumes in each room are defined and themetrics to be measured are identified based on informationgiven in Section 5 within the restrictions given in 11.3 andAnnex A2.4.2 The number and location of sound sources are chosen,sound is produced in the source room and sound pres

40、sure levelsare sampled spatially in the measurement spaces in both thesource and receiving rooms.FIG. 2 Coupled Spaces Adjacent to a Primary SpaceE336 1534.3 Sound decay rates are measured as necessary dependingon the result to be reported.4.4 If a value for noise reduction is to be measured between

41、rooms immediately adjacent to a common partition whereeither is 150 m3in volume or greater, the requirements andprocedures of Annex A2 must be satisfied.4.5 If values of NNR are to be reported, the requirements of9.3 must be satisfied. If values of ATL are to be reported, therequirements of 9.4.1 mu

42、st be satisfied and if ATL is to bereported for a partition between spaces where either is 150cubic meters in volume or greater, the requirement of 9.4.1.2must be satisfied.4.6 If a value for the field transmission loss (FTL) is to bemeasured, the requirements and procedures of Annex A1 mustbe satis

43、fied.4.7 Results and single number ratings are calculated andreported.5. Significance and Use5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures origi-nally developed for laboratory measurements of the transmis-sion loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the roomsin which the measurements a

44、re made have a sound field thatreasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levelsin such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room andaverage levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the roomsound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions.Practical experience and

45、controlled studies (1)6have shownthat the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normallyused for work or living, such as rooms in multi-familydwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices withvolumes less than 150 cubic meters. The measures appropriatefor such spaces are NR, NNR, an

46、d ATL. The correspondingsingle number ratings are NIC, NNIC andASTC. TheATL andASTC may be measured between larger spaces that meet alimitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sounddistribution.5.2 Annex A2 was developed for use in spaces that are verylarge (volume of 150 m3or greater

47、). Sound pressure levelsduring testing can vary markedly across large rooms so that thedegree of isolation can vary strongly with distance from thecommon (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates theisolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measureis NR, and the appropriate singl

48、e number rating is NIC.5.3 It is sometimes necessary to demonstrate that the soundinsulation of a partition meets or exceeds a specific criterion.AnnexA1 provides additional requirements, and describes howshielding procedures can be used to reduce flanking transmis-sion in stages to show that a part

49、ition has achieved a minimumvalue of the FTL or minimum value of the FSTC which maymeet or exceed the criterion. If it is demonstrated that nosignificant flanking exists through shielding of all potentialflanking paths, then, and only then, FTL and FSTC may bereported without qualification.NOTE 3Measuring the sound transmission loss properties of apartition itself to demonstrate that it meets or exceeds a specific criterionis very difficult in the field due to the presence of flanking (2, 3). Roomvolume and absorption requirements must also be met.5.4 Sev