ASTM E336-2014 red 2894 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings《建筑物房间之间气载声衰减率测量的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: E336 11E336 14Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation betweenRooms in Buildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye

2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is part o

3、f a set of standards for evaluating the sound-insulating properties ofbuilding elements. It is designed to measure the sound isolation between two rooms or to estimatelower limits for sound transmission through a partition element installed as an interior part of abuilding. Others in the set cover t

4、he airborne sound transmission loss of an isolated partition elementin a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method E90), the laboratory measurement of impactsound transmission through floors (Test Method E492), the measurement of impact sound transmis-sion in buildings (Test Method E1007), the

5、measurement of sound transmission through buildingfacades and facade elements (Guide E966), and the measurement of sound transmission through acommon plenum between two rooms (Test Method E1414), and measurement of the normalizedinsertion loss of doors (Test Method E2964).1. Scope1.1 The sound isola

6、tion between two spaces in a building is determined by a combination of the direct transmission through thenominally separating building element (as normally measured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number of indirectpaths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1 illustrates the

7、direct paths and some possible structural flanking paths.Additionalnon-structural flanking paths may include transmission through common air ducts between rooms, or doors to the corridor fromadjacent rooms.1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures and metrics to assess the sound isola

8、tion between two rooms or portionsthereof in a building separated by a common partition including both direct and flanking transmission paths or the apparent soundinsulation of the separating partition.Appropriate measures and their single number ratings are the noise reduction (NR) and noiseisolati

9、on class (NIC), the normalized noise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class (NNIC), and the apparenttransmission loss (ATL) and apparent sound transmission class (ASTC). With the exception of theATL andASTC under specifiedconditions, these procedures in the main part of the test method

10、 are only applicable when both room volumes are less than 150m3.NOTE 1The word “partition” in this test method includes all types of walls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The boundariesmay be permanent, operable, or movable.1.3 The NR and NIC between two locations may always

11、be measured and reported though conditions present will influence howmeasurements are made. Restrictions such as minimum room volume or dimensions or maximum room absorption are imposedfor all other measures and ratings in this standard. Thus, conditions may exist that will not allow NNR (NNIC), ATL

12、 (ASTC) orFTL (FSTC) to be measured. Where a partition between rooms is composed of parts that are constructed differently, or containsan element such as a door, it is not possible to measure the ATL and ASTC of the individual elements or portions of the partition.To evaluate the field performance o

13、f a door less than 6 m2 in area, use Test Method E2964.1.4 Annex A1 provides methods to assess the sound transmission through a partition or partition element with the influence offlanking transmission reduced. These methods may be used when it must be demonstrated that a partition has achieved a sp

14、ecifiedminimum sound attenuation. The results are the field transmission loss (FTL) and field sound transmission class (FSTC).1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.03on Sound Tra

15、nsmission.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011April 15, 2014. Published December 2011July 2014. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 asE336 10.E336 11. DOI: 10.1520/E0336-11.10.1520/E0336-14.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the

16、 user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standar

17、d as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.5 Annex A2 provides methods to measure the sound isolation between portions of two rooms in a building separated by aco

18、mmon partition including both direct and flanking paths when at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m3 or more. Theresults are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC).1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included

19、in this standard.1.7 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations,

20、 and equipment. This standard does not purport to address allof the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Re

21、ferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental AcousticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and ElementsE413 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE492 Test Method for Laboratory Meas

22、urement of Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies Using theTapping MachineE966 Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne Sound Attenuation of Building Facades and Facade ElementsE1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of Tapping Machine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceil

23、ingAssembliesand Associated Support StructuresE1414 Test Method for Airborne Sound Attenuation Between Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling PlenumE2235 Test Method for Determination of Decay Rates for Use in Sound Insulation Test MethodsE2964 Test Method For Measurement of the Normalized Insertion Loss of

24、 Doors2.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.10 Pressure Calibration of Laboratory Standard Pressure MicrophonesS1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital FiltersS1.40 Specification and Verification Procedures for Sound CalibratorsS1.43 Specifications for Integrating-Averaging

25、 Sound Level Meters2.3 IEC Standard:4IEC 60942 ElectroacousticsSound CalibratorsIEC 61672 ElectroacousticsSound Level Meters2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, re

26、fer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org4 Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue de Varemb, Case postale 131, CH-1211,

27、 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a BuildingE336 1422.4 ISO Standard:5ISO 16283-1:2014 Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements - Part 1:Airbornesound insulation3. Terminolo

28、gy3.1 The following terms used in this test method have specific meanings that are defined in Terminology C634:3.1.1 airborne sound; background noise; decay rate; decibel; diffuse sound field; field sound transmission class, FSTC; fieldtransmission loss, FTL; flanking transmission; pink noise; recei

29、ving room; self-noise; sound absorption; sound attenuation; soundinsulation; sound isolation; sound pressure level; sound transmission loss, TL; source roomNOTE 2The unqualified term average sound pressure level in this document means that sound pressure levels were averaged over the measurementregi

30、on for specified periods of time.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent transmission loss, ATL (dB), nof a partition installed in a building, in a specified frequency band isoperationally defined as:ATL5LH12LH2110logS SA2D (1)where:S = the area of the partition common to b

31、oth source and receiving rooms, m2A2 = the sound absorption in the receiving room, m2L1 = the source room average sound pressure level, dB andL2 = the receiving room average sound pressure level resulting from the combined effect of direct and flanking transmission,dB.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThroughout th

32、is test method, log is taken to mean log10, unless otherwise indicated.3.2.1.2 DiscussionThis definition attributes all the power transmitted into the receiving room, by direct and flanking paths, to the area of the partitioncommon to both rooms. If flanking transmission is significant, the ATL will

33、 be less than the TL for the partition. Apparenttransmission loss (ATL) is equivalent in meaning to apparent sound reduction index (ASRI) used by ISO 140-4.16283-1:2014.3.2.2 apparent sound transmission class, ASTC, na single number rating obtained by applying the classification procedure ofClassifi

34、cation E413 to apparent transmission loss data.3.2.3 coupled space, na secondary space that is adjacent to and partially open to the primary space on the same side of theseparating partition and which meets spatial and sound level distribution requirements sufficient to allow the secondary space tob

35、e included as part of the measurement space with the primary space.3.2.3.1 DiscussionFig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate conditions that may be coupled spaces.3.2.3.2 DiscussionTo qualify as a coupled space in this standard the space must meet requirements specified in 9.4.1.3.2.4 direct transmission, nsou

36、nd that travels between a source and a receiving room only through the common (separating)building element.3.2.5 noise reduction, NR, (dB), nin a specified frequency band, the difference between the sound pressure levels at twowell-defined locations.3.2.6 noise isolation class, NIC, na single-number

37、 rating calculated in accordance with Classification E413 using measuredvalues of noise reduction.5 Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.E336 1433.2.7 normalized noise reduction, NNR, (

38、dB), nbetween two rooms of less than 150 cubic meters, in a specified frequencyband, the value that the noise reduction, NR, in a given field test would have if the reverberation time in the receiving room were0.5 s. NNR is calculated as follows:NNR5NR110logS T0.5D (2)where:NR = noise reduction, dB,

39、 andT = reverberation time in receiving room, s.3.2.7.1 DiscussionThe normalized noise reduction is intended to approximate the noise reduction that would exist between two ordinarily furnishedrooms.3.2.8 normalized noise isolation class, NNIC (dB), na single-number rating for noise isolation betwee

40、n two rooms both lessthan 150 cubic meters calculated in accordance with Classification E413 using measured values of normalized noise reduction.(See normalized noise reduction.)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The source and receiving rooms are selected, the measurement spaces and volumes in each room

41、are defined and the metricsto be measured are identified based on information given in Section 5 within the restrictions given in 11.3 and Annex A2.4.2 The number and location of sound sources are chosen, sound is produced in the source room and sound pressure levels aresampled spatially in the meas

42、urement spaces in both the source and receiving rooms.FIG. 2 Coupled Spaces Adjacent to a Primary SpaceFIG. 3 Receiving Spaces Adjacent to a Coupled Source SpaceE336 1444.3 Sound decay rates are measured as necessary depending on the result to be reported.4.4 If a value for noise reduction is to be

43、measured between rooms immediately adjacent to a common partition where eitheris 150 m3 in volume or greater, the requirements and procedures of Annex A2 must be satisfied.4.5 If values of NNR or ATL are to be reported, the requirements of 9.2.2 must be satisfied, and if ATL is to be reported fora p

44、artition between spaces where either is 150 cubic meters in volume or greater, the requirement of 9.2.3 must be satisfied.4.6 If a value for the field transmission loss (FTL) is to be measured, the requirements and procedures of Annex A1 must besatisfied.4.7 Results and single number ratings are cal

45、culated and reported.5. Significance and Use5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures originally developed for laboratory measurements of the transmission lossof partitions. These procedures assume that the rooms in which the measurements are made have a sound field that reasonablyapproxima

46、tes a diffuse field. Sound pressure levels in such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room and average levelsvary inversely with the logarithm of the room sound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions. Practical experienceand controlled studies (1)6 have shown that the test

47、method is applicable to smaller spaces normally used for work or living, suchas rooms in multi-family dwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices with volumes less than 150 cubic meters. Themeasures appropriate for such spaces are NR, NNR, andATL. The corresponding single number ratings

48、 are NIC, NNIC andASTC.The ATL and ASTC may be measured between larger spaces that meet a limitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniformsound distribution.5.2 Annex A2 was developed for use in spaces that are very large (volume of 150 m3 or greater). Sound pressure levels duringtesting ca

49、n vary markedly across large rooms so that the degree of isolation can vary strongly with distance from the common(separating) partition. This procedure evaluates the isolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measure is NR, and theappropriate single number rating is NIC.5.3 It is sometimes necessary to demonstrate that the sound insulation of a partition meets or exceeds a specific criterion. AnnexA1 provides additional requirements, and describes how shielding procedures can be used to reduce flanking transmission in stagesto show that