ASTM E336-2011 9718 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings《测量建筑物房屋之间空气噪音衰减的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: E336 11Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation betweenRooms in Buildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l

2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is part of a set of s

3、tandards for evaluating the sound-insulating properties ofbuilding elements. It is designed to measure the sound isolation between two rooms or to estimatelower limits for sound transmission through a partition element installed as an interior part of abuilding. Others in the set cover the airborne

4、sound transmission loss of an isolated partition elementin a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method E90), the laboratory measurement of impactsound transmission through floors (Test Method E492), the measurement of impact sound transmis-sion in buildings (Test Method E1007), the measurement

5、of sound transmission through buildingfacades and facade elements (Guide E966), and the measurement of sound transmission through acommon plenum between two rooms (Test Method E1414).1. Scope1.1 The sound isolation between two spaces in a building isdetermined by a combination of the direct transmis

6、sion throughthe nominally separating building element (as normally mea-sured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number ofindirect paths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1illustrates the direct paths and some possible structural flankingpaths. Additional non-structural flanking

7、 paths may includetransmission through common air ducts between rooms, ordoors to the corridor from adjacent rooms.1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures andmetrics to assess the sound isolation between two rooms orportions thereof in a building separated by a common partitioninclu

8、ding both direct and flanking transmission paths or theapparent sound insulation of the separating partition. Appro-priate measures and their single number ratings are the noisereduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC), the normalizednoise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class(NN

9、IC), and the apparent transmission loss (ATL) and appar-ent sound transmission class (ASTC).With the exception of theATL andASTC under specified conditions, these procedures inthe main part of the test method are only applicable when bothroom volumes are less than 150 m3.NOTE 1The word “partition” i

10、n this test method includes all types ofwalls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The bound-aries may be permanent, operable, or movable.1.3 The NR and NIC between two locations may always bemeasured and reported though conditions present will influencehow measurements are made.

11、Restrictions such as minimumroom volume or dimensions or maximum room absorption areimposed for all other measures and ratings in this standard.Thus, conditions may exist that will not allow NNR (NNIC),ATL(ASTC) or FTL(FSTC) to be measured.Where a partitionbetween rooms is composed of parts that are

12、 constructeddifferently, or contains an element such as a door, it is notpossible to measure the ATL and ASTC of the individualelements or portions of the partition.1.4 Annex A1 provides methods to assess the sound trans-mission through a partition or partition element with theinfluence of flanking

13、transmission reduced. These methodsmay be used when it must be demonstrated that a partition hasachieved a specified minimum sound attenuation. The resultsare the field transmission loss (FTL) and field sound transmis-sion class (FSTC).1.5 Annex A2 provides methods to measure the soundisolation betw

14、een portions of two rooms in a building separatedby a common partition including both direct and flanking paths1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E33 on Buildingand Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE33.03 on Sound Transmission.Current

15、edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E336 10. DOI:10.1520/E0336-11.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.when at least one of the room

16、s has a volume of 150 m3or more.The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolationclass (NIC).1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 The text of this test method references notes andfootnotes which pro

17、vide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the standard.1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if an

18、y, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmen

19、talAcousticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of AirborneSound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Ele-mentsE413 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of ImpactSound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling AssembliesUsing the Tapping Machi

20、neE966 Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne SoundAttenuation of Building Facades and Facade ElementsE1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of TappingMachine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies and Associated Support StructuresE1414 Test Method for Airborne Sound Attenuati

21、on Be-tween Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling PlenumE2235 Test Method for Determination of Decay Rates forUse in Sound Insulation Test Methods2.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.10 Pressure Calibration of Laboratory Standard PressureMicrophonesS1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog an

22、d Digital FiltersS1.40 Specification and Verification Procedures for SoundCalibratorsS1.43 Specifications for Integrating-Averaging Sound LevelMeters2.3 IEC Standard:4IEC 60942 ElectroacousticsSound CalibratorsIEC 61672 ElectroacousticsSound Level Meters3. Terminology3.1 The following terms used in

23、this test method havespecific meanings that are defined in Terminology C634:3.1.1 airborne sound; background noise; decay rate; decibel;diffuse sound field; field sound transmission class, FSTC; fieldtransmission loss, FTL; flanking transmission; pink noise;receiving room; self-noise; sound absorpti

24、on; sound attenua-tion; sound insulation; sound isolation; sound pressure level;sound transmission loss, TL; source roomNOTE 2The unqualified term average sound pressure level in thisdocument means that sound pressure levels were averaged over themeasurement region for specified periods of time.3.2

25、Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent transmission loss, ATL (dB), nof a parti-tion installed in a building, in a specified frequency band isoperationally defined as:2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servi

26、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org4Available from International Electrotechnica

27、l Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a BuildingE336 112ATL 5 L12 L21 10 logSSA2D(1)where:S = the area of the partition common to both source andreceiving rooms,

28、m2A2= the sound absorption in the receiving room, m2L1= the source room average sound pressure level, dB andL2= the receiving room average sound pressure levelresulting from the combined effect of direct andflanking transmission, dB.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThroughout this test method, log istaken to mean

29、log10, unless otherwise indicated.3.2.1.2 DiscussionThis definition attributes all the powertransmitted into the receiving room, by direct and flankingpaths, to the area of the partition common to both rooms. Ifflanking transmission is significant, the ATL will be less thanthe TL for the partition.

30、Apparent transmission loss (ATL) isequivalent in meaning to apparent sound reduction index(ASRI) used by ISO 140-4.3.2.2 apparent sound transmission class, ASTC, na singlenumber rating obtained by applying the classification proce-dure of Classification E413 to apparent transmission loss data.3.2.3

31、coupled space, na secondary space that is adjacentto and partially open to the primary space on the same side ofthe separating partition and which meets spatial and soundlevel distribution requirements sufficient to allow the second-ary space to be included as part of the measurement space withthe p

32、rimary space.3.2.3.1 DiscussionFig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate conditionsthat may be coupled spaces.3.2.3.2 DiscussionTo qualify as a coupled space in thisstandard the space must meet requirements specified in 9.4.1.3.2.4 direct transmission, nsound that travels between asource and a receiving room onl

33、y through the common(separating) building element.3.2.5 noise reduction, NR, (dB), nin a specified frequencyband, the difference between the sound pressure levels at twowell-defined locations.3.2.6 noise isolation class, NIC, na single-number ratingcalculated in accordance with Classification E413 u

34、sing mea-sured values of noise reduction.3.2.7 normalized noise reduction, NNR, (dB), nbetweentwo rooms of less than 150 cubic meters, in a specifiedfrequency band, the value that the noise reduction, NR, in agiven field test would have if the reverberation time in thereceiving room were 0.5 s. NNR

35、is calculated as follows:NNR 5 NR 1 10 logST0.5D(2)where:NR = noise reduction, dB, andT = reverberation time in receiving room, s.3.2.7.1 DiscussionThe normalized noise reduction is in-tended to approximate the noise reduction that would existbetween two ordinarily furnished rooms.3.2.8 normalized n

36、oise isolation class, NNIC (dB), nasingle-number rating for noise isolation between two roomsboth less than 150 cubic meters calculated in accordance withClassification E413 using measured values of normalized noisereduction. (See normalized noise reduction.)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The source a

37、nd receiving rooms are selected, the mea-surement spaces and volumes in each room are defined and themetrics to be measured are identified based on informationgiven in Section 5 within the restrictions given in 11.3 andAnnex A2.4.2 The number and location of sound sources are chosen,sound is produce

38、d in the source room and sound pressure levelsare sampled spatially in the measurement spaces in both thesource and receiving rooms.4.3 Sound decay rates are measured as necessary dependingon the result to be reported.4.4 If a value for noise reduction is to be measured betweenrooms immediately adja

39、cent to a common partition whereeither is 150 m3in volume or greater, the requirements andprocedures of Annex A2 must be satisfied.FIG. 2 Coupled Spaces Adjacent to a Primary SpaceE336 1134.5 If values of NNR or ATL are to be reported, therequirements of 9.2.2 must be satisfied, and if ATL is to ber

40、eported for a partition between spaces where either is 150cubic meters in volume or greater, the requirement of 9.2.3must be satisfied.4.6 If a value for the field transmission loss (FTL) is to bemeasured, the requirements and procedures of Annex A1 mustbe satisfied.4.7 Results and single number rat

41、ings are calculated andreported.5. Significance and Use5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures origi-nally developed for laboratory measurements of the transmis-sion loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the roomsin which the measurements are made have a sound field thatreasona

42、bly approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levelsin such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room andaverage levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the roomsound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions.Practical experience and controlled studies (1)5have shownthat

43、the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normallyused for work or living, such as rooms in multi-familydwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices withvolumes less than 150 cubic meters. The measures appropriatefor such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The correspondingsingle number

44、ratings are NIC, NNIC andASTC. TheATL andASTC may be measured between larger spaces that meet alimitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sounddistribution.5.2 AnnexA2 was developed for use in spaces that are verylarge (volume of 150 m3or greater). Sound pressure levelsduring testing

45、can vary markedly across large rooms so that thedegree of isolation can vary strongly with distance from thecommon (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates theisolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measureis NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC.5.3 It is someti

46、mes necessary to demonstrate that the soundinsulation of a partition meets or exceeds a specific criterion.AnnexA1 provides additional requirements, and describes howshielding procedures can be used to reduce flanking transmis-sion in stages to show that a partition has achieved a minimumvalue of th

47、e FTL or minimum value of the FSTC which maymeet or exceed the criterion. If it is demonstrated that nosignificant flanking exists through shielding of all potentialflanking paths, then, and only then, FTL and FSTC may bereported without qualification.NOTE 3Measuring the sound transmission loss prop

48、erties of a parti-tion itself to demonstrate that it meets or exceeds a specific criterion isvery difficult in the field due to the presence of flanking (2, 3). Roomvolume and absorption requirements must also be met.5.4 Several metrics are available for specific uses. Someevaluate the overall sound

49、 isolation between spaces includingthe effect of absorption in the receiving space and someevaluate the performance or apparent performance of thepartition being evaluated. The results obtained are applicableonly to the specific location tested.5.4.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class(NIC)Describe the sound isolation found between the twospaces under consideration. Noise reduction data are based onthe space- and time averaged sound pressure levels meeting therequirements of 11.3 or A2.3 as required depending on thesound absorption, volume, and