ASTM E336-2010 1875 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings《建筑物内部空间中空气声隔声测量的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: E336 10Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation betweenRooms in Buildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l

2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is part of a set of s

3、tandards for evaluating the sound-insulating properties ofbuilding elements. It is designed to measure the sound isolation between two rooms or to estimatelower limits for sound transmission through a partition element installed as an interior part of abuilding. Others in the set cover the airborne

4、sound transmission loss of an isolated partition elementin a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method E90), the laboratory measurement of impactsound transmission through floors (Test Method E492), the measurement of impact sound transmis-sion in buildings (Test Method E1007), the measurement

5、of sound transmission through buildingfacades and facade elements (Guide E966), and the measurement of sound transmission through acommon plenum between two rooms (Test Method E1414).1. Scope1.1 The sound isolation between two spaces in a building isdetermined by a combination of the direct transmis

6、sion throughthe nominally separating building element (as normally mea-sured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number ofindirect paths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1illustrates the direct paths and some possible structural flankingpaths. Additional non-structural flanking

7、 paths may includetransmission through common air ducts between rooms, ordoors to the corridor from adjacent rooms.1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures andmetrics to assess the sound isolation between two rooms orportions thereof in a building separated by a common partitioninclu

8、ding both direct and flanking transmission paths or theapparent sound insulation of the separating partition. Appro-priate measures and their single number ratings are the noisereduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC), the normalizednoise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class(NN

9、IC), and the apparent transmission loss (ATL) and appar-ent sound transmission class (ASTC).With the exception of theATL andASTC under specified conditions, these procedures inthe main part of the test method are only applicable when bothroom volumes are less than 150 m3.NOTE 1The word “partition” i

10、n this test method includes all types ofwalls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The bound-aries may be permanent, operable, or movable.1.3 Annex A1 provides methods to assess the sound trans-mission through a partition or partition element with theinfluence of flanking transmis

11、sion reduced. These methodsmay be used when it must be demonstrated that a partition hasachieved a specified minimum sound attenuation. The resultsare the field transmission loss (FTL) and field sound transmis-sion class (FSTC).1.4 Annex A2 provides methods to measure the soundisolation between port

12、ions of two rooms in a building separatedby a common partition including both direct and flanking pathswhen at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m3or more.The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolationclass (NIC).1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.

13、 No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 The text of this test method references notes andfootnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the standard.1.7 This standard may

14、 involve hazardous materials, opera-tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E33 on Buildingand Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcom

15、mitteeE33.03 on Sound Transmission.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E336 09. DOI:10.1520/E0336-10.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

16、United States.use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C634 Terminology Relating to Building and EnvironmentalAcous

17、ticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of AirborneSound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Ele-mentsE413 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of ImpactSound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling AssembliesUsing the Tapping MachineE966 G

18、uide for Field Measurements of Airborne SoundAttenuation of Building Facades and Facade ElementsE1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of TappingMachine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies and Associated Support StructuresE1414 Test Method for Airborne Sound Attenuation Be-tw

19、een Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling PlenumE2235 Test Method for Determination of Decay Rates forUse in Sound Insulation Test Methods2.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.10 Pressure Calibration of Laboratory Standard PressureMicrophonesS1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digita

20、l FiltersS1.40 Specification and Verification Procedures for SoundCalibratorsS1.43 Specifications for Integrating-Averaging Sound LevelMeters2.3 IEC Standard:4IEC 60942 ElectroacousticsSound CalibratorsIEC 61672 ElectroacousticsSound Level Meters3. Terminology3.1 The following terms used in this tes

21、t method havespecific meanings that are defined in Terminology C634:3.1.1 airborne sound; background noise; decay rate; decibel;diffuse sound field; field sound transmission class, FSTC; fieldtransmission loss, FTL; flanking transmission; pink noise;receiving room; self-noise; sound absorption; soun

22、d attenua-tion; sound insulation; sound isolation; sound pressure level;sound transmission loss, TL; source roomNOTE 2The unqualified term average sound pressure level in thisdocument means that sound pressure levels were averaged over themeasurement region for specified periods of time.3.2 Definiti

23、ons of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent transmission loss, ATL (dB), nof a parti-tion installed in a building, in a specified frequency band isoperationally defined as:ATL 5 L12 L21 10 logSSA2D(1)where:S = the area of the partition common to both source andreceiving rooms, m2A2= the so

24、und absorption in the receiving room, m2L1= the source room average sound pressure level, dB andL2= the receiving room average sound pressure levelresulting from the combined effect of direct andflanking transmission, dB.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact

25、 ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org4Available fro

26、m International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a BuildingE336 1023.2.1.1 DiscussionThroughout this test method, log istaken to mean log10, u

27、nless otherwise indicated.3.2.1.2 DiscussionThis definition attributes all the powertransmitted into the receiving room, by direct and flankingpaths, to the area of the partition common to both rooms. Ifflanking transmission is significant, the ATL will be less thanthe TL for the partition. Apparent

28、 transmission loss (ATL) isequivalent in meaning to apparent sound reduction index(ASRI) used by ISO 140-4.3.2.2 apparent sound transmission class, ASTC, na singlenumber rating obtained by applying the classification proce-dure of Classification E413 to apparent transmission loss data.3.2.3 coupled

29、space, na secondary space that is adjacentto the primary space on the same side of the test partition andhas the following characteristics: the partition between theprimary and secondary space has an opening that is at least33% of the total area of the partition between these two spaces,the differen

30、ce between the A-weighted sound levels in theprimary and secondary spaces is not greater than 6 dB, and thesecondary space is large enough to permit measurementswithout microphones too close to the wall surfaces.3.2.3.1 DiscussionFig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate conditionsthat may be coupled spaces.3.2.

31、4 direct transmission, nsound that travels between asource and a receiving room only through the common(separating) building element.3.2.5 noise reduction, NR, (dB), nin a specified frequencyband, the difference between the sound pressure levels at twowell-defined locations.3.2.6 noise isolation cla

32、ss, NIC, na single-number ratingcalculated in accordance with Classification E413 using mea-sured values of noise reduction.3.2.7 normalized noise reduction, NNR, (dB), nbetweentwo rooms of less than 150 cubic meters, in a specifiedfrequency band, the value that the noise reduction, NR, in agiven fi

33、eld test would have if the reverberation time in thereceiving room were 0.5 s. NNR is calculated as follows:NNR 5 NR 1 10 logST0.5D(2)where:NR = noise reduction, dB, andT = reverberation time in receiving room, s.3.2.7.1 DiscussionThe normalized noise reduction is in-tended to approximate the noise

34、reduction that would existbetween two ordinarily furnished rooms.3.2.8 normalized noise isolation class, NNIC (dB), nasingle-number rating for noise isolation between two roomsboth less than 150 cubic meters calculated in accordance withClassification E413 using measured values of normalized noisere

35、duction. (See normalized noise reduction.)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The source and receiving rooms are selected, the mea-surement spaces and volumes in each room are defined and themetrics to be measured are identified based on informationgiven in Section 5 within the restrictions given in 11.3 a

36、ndAnnex A2.4.2 The number and location of sound sources are chosen,sound is produced in the source room and sound pressure levelsare sampled spatially in the measurement spaces in both thesource and receiving rooms.4.3 Sound decay rates are measured as necessary dependingon the result to be reported

37、.4.4 If a value for noise reduction is to be measured betweenrooms immediately adjacent to a common partition whereeither is 150 m3in volume or greater, the requirements andprocedures of Annex A2 must be satisfied.4.5 If values of NNR or ATL are to be reported, therequirements of 9.2.2 must be satis

38、fied, and if ATL is to bereported for a partition between spaces where either is 150cubic meters in volume or greater, the requirement of 9.2.3must be satisfied.4.6 If a value for the field transmission loss (FTL) is to bemeasured, the requirements and procedures of Annex A1 mustbe satisfied.4.7 Res

39、ults and single number ratings are calculated andreported.FIG. 2 Coupled Spaces Adjacent to a Primary SpaceE336 1035. Significance and Use5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures origi-nally developed for laboratory measurements of the transmis-sion loss of partitions. These procedures ass

40、ume that the roomsin which the measurements are made have a sound field thatreasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levelsin such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room andaverage levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the roomsound absorption. Not all rooms will satis

41、fy these conditions.Practical experience and controlled studies (1)5have shownthat the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normallyused for work or living, such as rooms in multi-familydwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices withvolumes less than 150 cubic meters. The measur

42、es appropriatefor such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The correspondingsingle number ratings are NIC, NNIC andASTC. TheATL andASTC may be measured between larger spaces that meet alimitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sounddistribution.5.2 AnnexA2 was developed for use in spaces th

43、at are verylarge (volume of 150 m3or greater). Sound pressure levelsduring testing can vary markedly across large rooms so that thedegree of isolation can vary strongly with distance from thecommon (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates theisolation observed near the partition. The appropr

44、iate measureis NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC.5.3 It is sometimes necessary to demonstrate that the soundinsulation of a partition meets or exceeds a specific criterion.AnnexA1 provides additional requirements, and describes howshielding procedures can be used to reduce flanking

45、 transmis-sion in stages to show that a partition has achieved a minimumvalue of the FTL or minimum value of the FSTC which maymeet or exceed the criterion. If it is demonstrated that nosignificant flanking exists through shielding of all potentialflanking paths, then, and only then, FTL and FSTC ma

46、y bereported without qualification.NOTE 3Measuring the sound transmission loss properties of a parti-tion itself to demonstrate that it meets or exceeds a specific criterion isvery difficult in the field due to the presence of flanking (2, 3). Roomvolume and absorption requirements must also be met.

47、5.4 Several metrics are available for specific uses. Someevaluate the overall sound isolation between spaces includingthe effect of absorption in the receiving space and someevaluate the performance or apparent performance of thepartition being evaluated. The results obtained are applicableonly to t

48、he specific location tested.5.4.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class(NIC)Describe the sound isolation found between the twospaces under consideration. Noise reduction data are based onthe space- and time averaged sound pressure levels meeting therequirements of 11.3 or A2.3 as required d

49、epending on thesound absorption, volume, and shape requirements of 9.2.1.Noise reduction values are influenced by the absorption in thereceiving space as well as the apparent performance of thepartition. The noise reduction values in unfurnished spaces willusually be less than in furnished spaces, and noise reductionvalues between the spaces may differ depending on the testdirection used and the sound absorption in the spaces. How-ever, these effects are lessened when the method of Annex A2is used.5.4.2 Normalized Noise Reduction (NNR) and NormalizedNoise