ASTM E336-2009 1250 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings《建筑物内部空间中空气声隔声测量的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: E 336 09Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation betweenRooms in Buildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is part of a set of

3、 standards for evaluating the sound-insulating properties ofbuilding elements. It is designed to measure the sound isolation between two rooms or to estimatelower limits for sound transmission through a partition element installed as an interior part of abuilding. Others in the set cover the airborn

4、e sound transmission loss of an isolated partition elementin a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method E90), the laboratory measurement of impactsound transmission through floors (Test Method E 492), the measurement of impact sound transmis-sion in buildings (Test Method E 1007), the measurem

5、ent of sound transmission through buildingfacades and facade elements (Guide E 966), the measurement of sound transmission through acommon plenum between two rooms (Test Method E 1414), and the measurement of soundtransmission through door panels and systems (Test Method E 1408).1. Scope1.1 The soun

6、d isolation between two spaces in a building isdetermined by a combination of the direct transmission throughthe nominally separating building element (as normally mea-sured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number ofindirect paths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1illustrate

7、s the direct paths and some possible structural flankingpaths. Additional non-structural flanking paths may includetransmission through common air ducts between rooms, ordoors to the corridor from adjacent rooms.1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures andmetrics to assess the sound

8、isolation between two rooms in abuilding separated by a common partition including both directand flanking transmission paths. Appropriate measures andtheir single number ratings are the noise reduction (NR) andnoise isolation class (NIC), the normalized noise reduction(NNR) and normalized noise iso

9、lation class (NNIC), and theapparent transmission loss (ATL) and apparent sound transmis-sion class (ASTC). With the exception of the ATL and ASTCunder specified conditions, these procedures are only appli-cable when both room volumes are less than 150 m3.NOTE 1The word “partition” in this test meth

10、od includes all types ofwalls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The bound-aries may be permanent, operable, or movable.1.3 Annex A1 provides methods to assess the sound trans-mission through a partition or partition element with theinfluence of flanking transmission reduced. Th

11、ese methodsmay be used when it must be demonstrated that a partition hasachieved a specified minimum sound attenuation. The resultsare the field transmission loss (FTL) and field sound transmis-sion class (FSTC).1.4 Annex A2 provides methods to measure the soundisolation between portions of two room

12、s in a building separatedby a common partition including both direct and flanking pathswhen at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m3or more.The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolationclass (NIC).1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units

13、of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to1This test method is

14、 under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E33 on Buildingand Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE33.03 on Sound Transmission.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E 3

15、36 08.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 634 Terminol

16、ogy Relating to Building and Environmen-tal AcousticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of AirborneSound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Ele-mentsE 413 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE 492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of ImpactSound Transmission Through Floo

17、r-Ceiling AssembliesUsing the Tapping MachineE 966 Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne SoundInsulation of Building Facades and Facade ElementsE 1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of TappingMachine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies and Associated Support StructuresE

18、1408 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of theSound Transmission Loss of Door Panels and Door Sys-tems3E 1414 Test Method for Airborne Sound Attenuation Be-tween Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling PlenumE 2235 Test Method for Determination of Decay Rates forUse in Sound Insulation Test Methods2.2 AN

19、SI Standards:4S1.4 Specification for Sound Level MetersS1.10 Pressure Calibration of Laboratory Standard PressureMicrophonesS1.11 Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital FiltersS1.40 Specification and Verification Procedures for SoundCalibrators2.3 IEC Standard:5I

20、EC 60804 Specification for Integrating-Averaging SoundLevel MetersIEC 60942 ElectroacousticsSound Calibrators3. Terminology3.1 The following terms used in this test method havespecific meanings that are defined in Terminology C 634:3.1.1 airborne sound; background noise; decay rate; decibel;diffuse

21、sound field; field sound transmission class, FSTC; fieldtransmission loss, FTL; flanking transmission; pink noise;receiving room; self-noise; sound absorption; sound attenua-tion; sound insulation; sound isolation; sound pressure level;sound transmission loss, TL; source roomNOTE 2The unqualified te

22、rm average sound pressure level in thisdocument means that sound pressure levels were averaged over themeasurement region for specified periods of time.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent transmission loss, ATL, nof a partitioninstalled in a building, in a specified fre

23、quency band isoperationally defined as:ATL 5 L12 L21 10 logSSA2D(1)where:S = the area of the partition common to both source andreceiving rooms,A2= the sound absorption in the receiving room,L1= the source room average sound pressure level, and2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,

24、www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from Americ

25、an National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org5Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking

26、 Paths (F and Dotted) in a BuildingE336092L2= the receiving room average sound pressure levelresulting from the combined effect of direct andflanking transmission.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThroughout this test method, log istaken to mean log10, unless otherwise indicated.3.2.1.2 DiscussionThis definition at

27、tributes all the powertransmitted into the receiving room, by direct and flankingpaths, to the area of the partition common to both rooms. Ifflanking transmission is significant, the ATL will be less thanthe TL for the partition. Apparent transmission loss (ATL) isequivalent in meaning to apparent s

28、ound reduction index(ASRI) used by ISO 140-4.3.2.2 apparent sound transmission class, ASTC, na singlenumber rating obtained by applying the classification proce-dure of Classification E 413 to apparent transmission loss data.3.2.3 direct transmission, nsound that travels between asource and a receiv

29、ing room only through the common(separating) building element.3.2.4 noise reduction, NR, nin a specified frequency band,the difference between the sound pressure levels in twoenclosed rooms divided by a partition, due to one or moresound sources in one of the rooms, with the sound pressurelevels ave

30、raged throughout the rooms when both rooms are lessthan 150 cubic meters, and averaged over a space 1 to 2 metersfrom the dividing partition on both sides of the partition whenone or both rooms are 150 cubic meters or larger.3.2.5 noise isolation class, NIC, na single-number ratingcalculated in acco

31、rdance with Classification E 413 using mea-sured values of noise reduction.3.2.6 normalized noise reduction, NNR, nbetween tworooms of less than 150 cubic meters, in a specified frequencyband, the value that the noise reduction, NR, in a given fieldtest would have if the reverberation time in the re

32、ceiving roomwere 0.5 s. NNR is calculated as follows:NNR 5 NR 1 10 logST0.5D(2)where:NR = noise reduction, dB, andT = reverberation time in receiving room, s.3.2.6.1 DiscussionThe normalized noise reduction is in-tended to approximate the noise reduction that would existbetween two ordinarily furnis

33、hed rooms.3.2.7 normalized noise isolation class, NNIC, na single-number rating for noise isolation between two rooms both lessthan 150 cubic meters calculated in accordance with Classifi-cation E 413 using measured values of normalized noisereduction. (See normalized noise reduction.)4. Summary of

34、Test Method4.1 The source and receiving rooms are selected, the mea-surement spaces and volumes in each room are defined and themetrics to be measured are identified based on informationgiven in Section 5 within the restrictions given in 11.3 andAnnex A2.4.2 The number and location of sound sources

35、are chosen,sound is produced in the source room and sound pressure levelsare sampled spatially in the measurement spaces in both thesource and receiving rooms.4.3 Sound decay rates are measured as necessary dependingon the result to be reported.4.4 If a value for noise reduction is to be reported be

36、tweenrooms where either is 150 cubic meters in volume or greater,the requirements and procedures of Annex A2 must be satis-fied.4.5 If values of NNR or ATL are to be reported, therequirements of 9.2.2 must be satisfied, and if ATL is to bereported for a partition between spaces where either is 150cu

37、bic meters in volume or greater, the requirement of 9.2.3must be satisfied.4.6 If a value for the field transmission loss (FTL) is to bemeasured, the requirements and procedures of Annex A1 mustbe satisfied.4.7 Results and single number ratings are calculated andreported.5. Significance and Use5.1 T

38、he main part of this standard uses procedures origi-nally developed for laboratory measurements of the transmis-sion loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the roomsin which the measurements are made have a sound field thatreasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levelsin su

39、ch rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room andaverage levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the roomsound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions.Practical experience and controlled studies (1)6have shownthat the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normallyused

40、 for work or living, such as rooms in multi-familydwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices withvolumes less than 150 cubic meters. The measures appropriatefor such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The correspondingsingle number ratings are NIC, NNIC andASTC. TheATL andASTC may be measure

41、d between larger spaces that meet alimitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sounddistribution.5.2 AnnexA2 was developed for use in spaces that are verylarge (volume of 150 m3or greater). Sound pressure levelsduring testing can vary markedly across large rooms so that thedegree of is

42、olation can vary strongly with distance from thecommon (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates theisolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measureis NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC.5.3 It is sometimes necessary to demonstrate that the soundinsulation of a p

43、artition meets or exceeds a specific criterion.AnnexA1 provides additional requirements, and describes howshielding procedures can be used to reduce flanking transmis-sion in stages to show that a partition has achieved a minimumvalue of the FTL or minimum value of the FSTC which maymeet or exceed t

44、he criterion. If it is demonstrated that nosignificant flanking exists through shielding of all potentialflanking paths, then, and only then, FTL and FSTC may bereported without qualification.NOTE 3Measuring the sound transmission loss properties of a parti-tion itself to demonstrate that it meets o

45、r exceeds a specific criterion is6The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.E336093very difficult in the field due to the presence of flanking (2, 3). Roomvolume and absorption requirements must also be met.5.4 Several metrics are available for sp

46、ecific uses:5.4.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class(NIC)Describe the sound isolation between two spaces in thecondition found. The measurement method varies dependingon the size of the spaces. When each space is less than 150cubic meters, sound levels are averaged over the space. NRvalu

47、es for such spaces when unfurnished will usually be lowerthan values measured when the spaces are furnished. Thesevalues relate directly to the sound attenuation experienced byoccupants of the spaces for the condition evaluated, includingthe effects of flanking and room absorption, and not just to t

48、heperformance of a partition. Therefore results may be differentwhen measured in different directions. When either of thespaces is 150 cubic meters or more, sound levels are measuredin an area close to the partition on each side. These resultsinclude some effect of room absorption and flanking, but

49、theeffect of room absorption is less when measured close to thepartition.5.4.2 Normalized Noise Reduction (NNR) and NormalizedNoise Isolation Class (NNIC)Give the sound isolation be-tween two residential or office spaces adjusted to standardizedroom conditions. This normalization is usually done to com-pensate for a lack or excess of furnishings in the rooms. NNRand NNIC shall not be used for spaces of 150 cubic meters orlarger. These values are intended to relate to the soundattenuation experienced by occupants of the spaces if thespaces were normally furnish