ASTM E336-2007 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings《建筑物房间之间气载噪声衰减率的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: E 336 07Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation betweenRooms in Buildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis test method is part of a set o

3、f standards for evaluating the sound-insulating properties ofbuilding elements. It is designed to measure the sound isolation between two rooms or to estimatelower limits for sound transmission through a partition element installed as an interior part of abuilding. Others in the set cover the airbor

4、ne sound transmission loss of an isolated partition elementin a controlled laboratory environment (Test Method E90), the laboratory measurement of impactsound transmission through floors (Method E 492), the measurement of impact sound transmission inbuildings (Method E 1007), the measurement of soun

5、d transmission through building facades andfacade elements (Method E 966), the measurement of sound transmission through a common plenumbetween two rooms (Method E 1414), and the measurement of sound transmission through doorpanels and systems (Method E 1408).1. Scope1.1 The sound isolation between

6、two spaces in a building isdetermined by a combination of the direct transmission throughthe nominally separating building element (as normally mea-sured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number ofindirect paths, usually referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1illustrates the direct paths a

7、nd some possible structural flankingpaths. Additional non-structural flanking paths may includetransmission through common air ducts between rooms, ordoors to the corridor from adjacent rooms.1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures andmetrics to assess the sound isolation between tw

8、o rooms in abuilding separated by a common partition including both directand flanking transmission paths. Appropriate measures andtheir single number ratings are the noise reduction (NR) andnoise isolation class (NIC), the normalized noise reduction(NNR) and normalized noise isolation class (NNIC),

9、 and theapparent transmission loss (ATL) and apparent sound transmis-sion class (ASTC). With the exception of the ATL and ASTCunder specified conditions, these procedures are only appli-cable when both room volumes are less than 150 m3.NOTE 1The word “partition” in this test method includes all type

10、s ofwalls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces. The bound-aries may be permanent, operable, or movable.1.3 Annex A1 provides methods to assess the sound trans-mission through a partition or partition element with theinfluence of flanking transmission reduced. These methodsmay be us

11、ed when it must be demonstrated that a partition hasachieved a specified minimum sound attenuation. The resultsare the field transmission loss (FTL) and field sound transmis-sion class (FSTC).1.4 Annex A2 provides methods to measure the soundisolation between portions of two rooms in a building sepa

12、ratedby a common partition including both direct and flanking pathswhen at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m3or more.The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolationclass (NIC).1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-tions, and equipment. This standard does no

13、t purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1This test method is under the jurisdictio

14、n ofASTM Committee E33 on Buildingand Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE33.03 on Sound Transmission.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E 336 05.1Copyright ASTM Int

15、ernational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmen-tal AcousticsE90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of AirborneSound Transmission Loss of Building Part

16、itions and Ele-mentsE 413 Classification for Rating Sound InsulationE 2235 Test Method for Determination of Decay Rates forUse in Sound Insulation Test Methods2.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.4 Specification for Sound Level MetersS1.10 Pressure Calibration of Laboratory Standard PressureMicrophonesS1.11 Speci

17、fication for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital Filters2.3 IEC Standard:IEC 60804 Specification for Integrating-Averaging SoundLevel Meters43. Terminology3.1 The following terms used in this test method havespecific meanings that are defined in Terminology C 634:3.1.1 airborne

18、 sound; background noise; decay rate; decibel;diffuse sound field; field sound transmission class, FSTC; fieldtransmission loss, FTL; flanking transmission; pink noise;receiving room; sabin; self-noise; sound absorption; soundattenuation; sound insulation; sound isolation; sound pressurelevel; sound

19、 transmission loss, TL; source roomNOTE 2The unqualified term average sound pressure level in thisdocument means that sound pressure levels were averaged over themeasurement region for specified periods of time.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent transmission loss, ATL,

20、 nof a partitioninstalled in a building, in a specified frequency band isoperationally defined as:ATL 5 L12 L21 10 logSSA2D(1)where:S = the area of the partition common to both source andreceiving rooms,A2= the sound absorption in the receiving room,L1= the source room average sound pressure level,

21、andL2= the receiving room average sound pressure levelresulting from the combined effect of direct andflanking transmission.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThroughout this test method, log istaken to mean log10, unless otherwise indicated.3.2.1.2 DiscussionThis definition attributes all the powertransmitted into

22、the receiving room, by direct and flankingpaths, to the area of the partition common to both rooms. Ifflanking transmission is significant, the ATL will be less thanthe TL for the partition. Apparent Transmission Loss isequivalent in meaning to Apparent Sound Reduction Indexused by ISO 140-4.3.2.2 a

23、pparent sound transmission class, ASTC, na singlenumber rating obtained by applying the classification proce-dure of Classification E 413 to apparent transmission loss data.3.2.3 direct transmission, nsound that travels between asource and a receiving room only through the common(separating) buildin

24、g element.3.2.4 noise reduction, NR, nin a specified frequency band,the difference between the sound pressure levels in twoenclosed rooms divided by a partition, due to one or moresound sources in one of the rooms, with the sound pressurelevels averaged throughout the rooms when both rooms are less2

25、For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI),

26、25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org4Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.FIG. 1 Direct (D) and Some Indirect or Flanking Paths (F and Dotted) in a BuildingE3360

27、72than 150 cubic meters, and averaged over a space 1 to 2 metersfrom the dividing partition on both sides of the partition whenone or both rooms are 150 cubic meters or larger.3.2.5 noise isolation class, NIC, na single-number ratingcalculated in accordance with Classification E 413 using mea-sured

28、values of noise reduction.3.2.6 normalized noise reduction, NNR, nbetween tworooms of less than 150 cubic meters, in a specified frequencyband, the value that the noise reduction, NR, in a given fieldtest would have if the reverberation time in the receiving roomwere 0.5 s. NNR is calculated as foll

29、ows:NNR 5 NR 1 10 logST0.5D(2)where:NR = noise reduction, dB, andT = reverberation time in receiving room, s.3.2.6.1 DiscussionThe normalized noise reduction is in-tended to approximate the noise reduction that would existbetween two ordinarily furnished rooms.3.2.7 normalized noise isolation class,

30、 NNIC, na single-number rating for noise isolation between two rooms both lessthan 150 cubic meters calculated in accordance with Classifi-cation E 413 using measured values of normalized noisereduction. (See normalized noise reduction.)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The source and receiving rooms are

31、 selected, the loca-tion and number of sound sources chosen, and measurementspaces in each room defined.4.2 Sound is produced in the source room and soundpressure levels are sampled spatially in the measurementspaces in both the source and receiving rooms.4.3 Sound decay rates are measured as necess

32、ary dependingon the result to be reported.4.4 If a value for the Field Transmission Loss is to bemeasured, the requirements and procedures of Annex A1 mustbe satisfied.4.5 Results and single number ratings are calculated andreported.5. Significance and Use5.1 The main part of this standard uses proc

33、edures origi-nally developed for laboratory measurements of the transmis-sion loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the roomsin which the measurements are made have a sound field thatreasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levelsin such rooms are reasonably uniform through

34、out the room andaverage levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the roomsound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions.Practical experience and controlled studies (1)5have shownthat the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normallyused for work or living, such as rooms in m

35、ulti-familydwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices withvolumes less than 150 cubic meters. The measures appropriatefor such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The correspondingsingle number ratings are NIC, NNIC andASTC. TheATL andASTC may be measured between larger spaces that meet alimi

36、tation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sounddistribution.5.2 AnnexA2 was developed for use in spaces that are verylarge (volume of 150 m3or greater). Sound pressure levelsduring testing can vary markedly across large rooms so that thedegree of isolation can vary strongly with distance

37、 from thecommon (separating) partition. This procedure evaluates theisolation observed near the partition. The appropriate measureis NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC.5.3 It is sometimes necessary to demonstrate that the soundinsulation of a partition meets or exceeds a specific cr

38、iterion.AnnexA1 provides additional requirements, and describes howshielding procedures can be used to reduce flanking transmis-sion in stages to show that a partition has achieved a minimumvalue of the FTL or minimum value of the FSTC which maymeet or exceed the criterion. If it is demonstrated tha

39、t nosignificant flanking exists through shielding of all potentialflanking paths, then, and only then, FTL and FSTC may bereported without qualification.NOTE 3Measuring the sound transmission loss properties of a parti-tion itself to demonstrate that it meets or exceeds a specific criterion isvery d

40、ifficult in the field due to the presence of flanking (2, 3). Roomvolume and absorption requirements must also be met.5.4 Several metrics are available for specific uses:5.4.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class(NIC)Describe the sound isolation between two spaces in thecondition found. Th

41、e measurement method varies dependingon the size of the spaces. When each space is less than 150cubic meters, sound levels are averaged over the space. NRvalues for such spaces when unfurnished will usually be lowerthan values measured when the spaces are furnished. Thesevalues relate directly to th

42、e sound attenuation experienced byoccupants of the spaces for the condition evaluated, includingthe effects of flanking and room absorption, and not just to theperformance of a partition. Therefore results may be differentwhen measured in different directions. When either of thespaces is 150 cubic m

43、eters or more, sound levels are measuredin an area close to the partition on each side. These resultsinclude some effect of room absorption and flanking, but theeffect of room absorption is less when measured close to thepartition.5.4.2 Normalized Noise Reduction (NNR) and NormalizedNoise Isolation

44、Class (NNIC)Give the sound isolation be-tween two residential or office spaces adjusted to standardizedroom conditions. This normalization is usually done to com-pensate for a lack or excess of furnishings in the rooms. NNRand NNIC shall not be used for spaces of 150 cubic meters orlarger. These val

45、ues are intended to relate to the soundattenuation experienced by occupants of the spaces if thespaces were normally furnished. Results are applicable only tothe designated receiving room.5.4.3 Apparent Transmission Loss (ATL) and ApparentSound Transmission Class (ASTC)Describe the apparentsound ins

46、ulation of a partition separating two spaces.All soundtransmission, including any flanking transmission, is ascribed5The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.E336073to the partition. The actual transmission loss of the partitionwill usually be hi

47、gher than the apparent transmission loss.These results are in theory the same in each direction but maydiffer with direction in practice.5.4.4 Field Transmission Loss (FTL) and Field SoundTransmission Class (FSTC)These results should theoreti-cally approach the actual sound insulation of a partition

48、 orpartition element as would be measured in a laboratory, but inpractice they often do not. These values may be reported onlyif the stringent requirements of Annex A1 to reduce flankingtransmission are met. Since all flanking is removed to obtainthese metrics, they do not reflect the sound attenuat

49、ion expe-rienced by the occupants when flanking transmission is signifi-cant. These results are in theory the same in each direction butmay differ with direction in practice.NOTE 4Since the metric ASTC includes the effect of direct andflanking transmission, the ASTC will be less than or equal to the FSTC.The difference depends on the magnitude of the flanking transmission.Thus, the ASTC can be used to demonstrate that a partition at least meetsan FSTC requirement and may exceed it. If ASTC is measured underconditions that do not satisfy the more stringent req