ASTM D7660-2010 8125 Standard Guide for Conducting Internal Pressure Tests on United Nations (UN) Packagings《对联合国(UN)包装进行内压试验的标准指南》.pdf
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1、Designation: D7660 10Standard Guide forConducting Internal Pressure Tests on United Nations (UN)Packagings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7660; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to provide a standardized methodand a set of basic instructions for performing internal andhydrostat
3、ic pressure testing on packaging designs.1.2 This guide provides information to help clarify variousterms used as part of the United Nations (UN) certificationprocess that may assist in determining the applicable test.1.3 This guide provides the suggested minimum informa-tion that should be document
4、ed when conducting pressuretesting.1.4 This guide provides information for recommendedequipment and fittings for conducting pressure tests.1.5 This guide is based on the current information containedin 49 CFR, 173.27 and 178.605.1.6 When testing packaging designs intended for hazardousmaterials (dan
5、gerous goods), the user of this guide shall betrained in accordance with 49 CFR 172.700 and otherapplicable hazardous materials regulations such as the ICAOTechnical Instructions, IMDG Code, and carrier rules such asthe IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be reg
6、arded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determ
7、ine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4919 Guide for Testing of Hazardous Materials Packag-ingsD4991 Test Method for Leakage Testing of Empty RigidContainers by Vacuum Method2.2 Federal Standard:349 CFR U.S. Department of Transporta
8、tion Code of FederalRegulations Title 49, Transportation Parts 100-1852.3 UN Standard:4UN United Nations Recommendations on the Transport ofDangerous Goods, Model Regulations2.4 IATA Standard:5IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations2.5 ICAO Standard:6ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport ofDan
9、gerous Goods by Air2.6 IMDG Standard:7IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous GoodsCode3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bar, nmetric unit of atmospheric pressure equal to14.50 psi (lb/in.2), 1.02 kg/cm2, 29.53 in.-Hg, or 0.9869atmosphere.3.1.2 hydrostatic pressure test, ninternal pressure test
10、conducted on a container or packaging filled with water andpressurized with water or other suitable means; regulatoryreference sections: 49 CFR 178.605, UN 6.1.5.5, IMDG Code6.1.5.5, ICAO 6.4.5, and IATA 6.3.5.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThis test is required for all single andcomposite packagings intended fo
11、r shipping liquid dangerousgoods (hazardous materials). For single and composite pack-agings, the test pressure rating will appear as part of the UNspecification marking sequence. This test may also be used tocomply with the pressure differential requirements for airtransportation (49 CFR 173.27) fo
12、r inner packagings of1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D10 on Packaging andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping Containers andSystems - Application of Performance Test Methods.Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2010. Published September 2010. DOI:10.152
13、0/D766010.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Sup
14、erintendent of Documents,Washington, DC 204029371, http:/phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat.4Available from the UN Economic Commission for Europe, InformationService, Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland, http:/www.unece.org/trans/danger/danger.htm.5Available from the International Air Transport Ass
15、ociation (IATA), 800 PlaceVictoria, PO Box 113, Montreal, Quebec, H4Z 1M1, Canada, http:/www.iata.org.6Available from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), 999University St., Montreal, Quebec, H3C 5H7, Canada, http:/www.icao.org.7Available from the International Marine Organization (
16、IMO), 4 Albert Em-bankment, London, SE1 7SR, U.K., http:/www.imo.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Sbination packagings intended for shipping liquid hazard-ous materials. For further discussion and clarification, refer tot
17、he pressure differential section.3.1.3 inches-mercury, in.-Hg, npressure exerted by a2.54-cm high column of mercury that has a density of13.5951 g/cm3when the acceleration of gravity has the stan-dard value of 9.8 m/s2; used as a unit in the measurement ofatmospheric pressure. One in.-Hg is equal to
18、 3.3864 kPa or0.491154 psi.3.1.4 kilopascal, kPa, nunit of pressure in the SI systemof international units, the primary, standard system used by theUnited Nationals (UN) and the U.S. Department of Transpor-tation (DOT) throughout their respective regulations per 49CFR 171.10.3.1.4.1 DiscussionTo con
19、vert kPa to psi, multiply by0.14513 (95 kPa 3 0.14513 = 13.8 psi). For single andcomposite packagings, the test pressure rating will appear aspart of the UN specification marking sequence and shall beshown in kPa.3.1.5 leakproofness test, npressure test conducted on anempty container or packaging an
20、d pressurized with air or othersuitable means; regulatory reference sections: 49 CFR178.604, UN 6.1.5.4, IMDG Code 6.1.5.4, ICAO 6.4.4, andIATA 6.3.4.3.1.5.1 DiscussionAll packagings intended to contain liq-uids, except the inner packagings of combination packagings,shall be capable of passing a lea
21、kproofness test. Methods tocomply are outlined in Appendix B to Part 178 of DOT, 49CFR.3.1.5.2 DiscussionThe definition for leakproofness is pro-vided in this guide, but the test methods will be addressed in aseparate standard.3.1.6 packagings, nreceptacles and any other componentsor materials neces
22、sary for the receptacle to perform its con-tainment function and includes nonbulk packagings and com-posite packagings and are: designed to contain a net mass notexceeding 400 kg; designed with a capacity not exceeding 450L; not intended to transport most gases; not intended totransport infectious s
23、ubstances; not intended to transport mostradioactive materials; and not an intermediate bulk container(IBC) as defined in UN Recommendations 6.5.3.1.7 pounds per square inch, psi, nunit of measure in theEnglish measurement system.3.1.7.1 DiscussionTo convert psi to kPa, multiply by 6.89(13.8 psi 3 6
24、.89 = 95 kPa).3.1.8 pressure differential test, ncombination packagingswith inner packagings containing liquid hazardous materialsshall be capable of meeting the pressure differential require-ments for transport by air; regulatory reference sections: 49CFR 173.27(c), ICAO 4; 1.1.6, and IATA 5.0.2.9.
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