ASTM D7589-2012a red 8750 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VID Spark Ig.pdf

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1、Designation: D7589 12D7589 12aStandard Test Method forMeasurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on FuelEconomy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks inSequence VID Spark Ignition Engine1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7589; the number immediately following the designa

2、tion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method can be used by a

3、ny properly equipped laboratory without outside assistance.However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)3 provides reference oils and assessment of thetest results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see AnnexA1). By this means, the laboratory willknow whether their use of this test method gi

4、ves results statistically similar to those obtained by otherlaboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services inseeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the American Petroleum Institute(API) imposes such a requirement, in connect

5、ion with several U.S. Army engine lubricating oilspecifications. Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMCservices. Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of thistest method that refer to the TMC. This test meth

6、od may be modified by means of Information Lettersissued by the TMC. In addition, the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to this testmethod. Users of this test method shall contact the TMC, Attention: Administrator, to obtain the mostrecent of these information letters.1. Scope*1.1 This t

7、est method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fueleconomy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight 3856 kg or less. The tests are conducted using aspecified spark-ignition engine with a displacement of 3.6 L (G

8、eneral Motors)4 on a dynamometer test stand. It applies to multiviscosity grade oils used in these applications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct equivalent such as th

9、e units for screw threads, National Pipe threads/diameters,tubing size, and single source supply equipment specifications. Additionally, Brake Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is measured inkilograms per kilowatthour.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated

10、 with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 21 This te

11、st method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.10on Standards Acceleration.Current edition approved April 15, 2012Nov. 1, 2012. Published September 2012January 2013. Originally approved in 2009. L

12、ast previous edition approved in 20112012as D758911a. DOI:10.1520/D7589-12.12. DOI:10.1520/D7589-12A.2 The multi-cylinder engine test sequences were originally developed by an ASTM Committee D02 group. Subsequently, the procedures were published in an ASTMspecial technical publication. The Sequence

13、VIB was published as Research Report RR:D02-1469, dated April 8, 1999.3 The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. This edition includes all information letters through No.11-2.12-1. Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test

14、Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention: Administrator.4 Trademark of General Motors Corporation, 300 Renaissance Center, Detroit, MI 48265.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what chang

15、es have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the offici

16、al document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Subject SectionTerminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine C

17、onfiguration 6.2Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Torque Control 6.4Dynamometer 6.4.1Dynamometer Torque 6.4.2Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System 6.7Fuel Flow Measurement 6.7.2Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to the FuelFlowmeter6.7.3Fuel Temperature and P

18、ressure Control to Engine Fuel Rail 6.7.4Fuel Supply Pumps 6.7.5Fuel Filtering 6.7.6Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Intake Air Humidity 6.8.1Intake Air Filtration 6.8.2Intake Air Pressure Relief 6.8.3Temperature Measurement 6.9Thermocouple Location 6.9.5AFR Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pre

19、ssure Systems 6.11Exhaust Manifolds 6.11.1Laboratory Exhaust System 6.11.2Exhaust Back Pressure 6.11.3Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations 6.12Engine Oil 6.12.2Fuel to Fuel Flowmeter 6.12.3Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail 6.12.4Exhaust Back Pressure 6.12.5Intake Air 6.12.6Intake Manifold Vacuu

20、m/Absolute Pressure 6.12.7Coolant Flow Differential Pressure 6.12.8Crankcase Pressure 6.12.9Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Test Engine Configuration 6.13.1ECU (Power Control Module) 6.13.2Thermostat Block-Off Adapter Plate 6.13.3Wiring Harness 6.13.4Oil Pan 6.13.5Engine Water Pump Adapter

21、 Plate 6.13.6Thermostat Block-Off Plate 6.13.7Oil Filter Adapter Plate 6.13.8Modified Throttle Body Assembly 6.13.9Fuel Rail 6.13.10Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation 6.14Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Appara

22、tus 8Test Stand Preparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.3Engine Assembly Procedure 9.4General Assembly Instructions 9.4.1Bolt Torque Specifications 9.4.2Sealing Compounds 9.4.3Harmonic Balancer 9.4.5Thermostat 9.4.6Coolant Inlet 9.4.7Oil Filter Adapter 9.4.8Dipstick Tube 9.4.9S

23、ensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.4.10Ignition System 9.4.11Fuel Injection System 9.4.12Intake Air System 9.4.13Engine Management System 9.4.14Accessory Drive Units 9.4.15Exhaust Manifolds 9.4.16Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.4.17D7589 12a2Subject SectionLifting of Assembled Engines 9.4.18En

24、gine Mounts 9.4.19Non-Phased Camshaft Gears 9.4.20Internal Coolant Orifice 9.4.21Calibration 10Stand/Engine Calibration 10.1Procedure 10.1.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.1.2Analysis of Reference/Calibration Oils 10.1.3Instrument Calibration 10.2Engine Torque Measurement System 10.2.3Fuel Flow Me

25、asurement System 10.2.4Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.2.5Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System 10.2.6Humidity Measurement System 10.2.7Other Instrumentation 10.2.8Test Procedure 11External Oil System 11.1Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 11.2Preparation for Oil Charge 11.3Initial Engin

26、e Start-Up 11.4New Engine Break-In 11.5Oil Charge for Break-In 11.5.2Break-In Operating Conditions 11.5.3Standard Requirements for Break-In 11.5.4Routine Test Operation 11.6Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.6.1Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.6.2Test Operating Stages 11.6.3Stabilization to

27、Stage Conditions 11.6.4Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.6.5BLB1 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Run 1 11.6.6BSFC Measurement of BLB1 Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.7BLB2 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Oil Run 2 11.6.8BSFC Measurement of BLB2 Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.9Percent Del

28、ta Calculation for BLB1 vs. BLB2 11.6.10Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.6.11Test Oil Aging, Phase I 11.6.12BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil 11.6.13Test Oil Aging, Phase II 11.6.14BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil 11.6.15Oil Consumption and Sampling 11.6.16Flush Procedure for BL Oil

29、 (BLA) After Test Oil 11.6.17General Test Data Logging Forms 11.6.18Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.6.19Determination of Test Results 12Final Test Report 13Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15AnnexesThe Role of the ASTM Test Monitoring Center and theCalibration ProgramAnnex A1Detailed Specifications and

30、 Drawings of Apparatus Annex A2Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure Annex A3Engine Part Number Listing Annex A4Safety Precautions Annex A5Report Format Annex A6Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviations Annex A7Oil Sump Full Level Determination ConsumptionMeasurement Calibration Procedu

31、reAnnex A8Fuel Injector Evaluation Annex A9Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A10Blow-by Ventilation System Requirements Annex A11Calculation of Test Results Annex A12Calculation of Unweighted Baseline Shift Annex A13NonPhased Cam Gear and Position Actuator InstallationProcedureAnnex A14AppendixPr

32、ocurement of Test Materials Appendix X1D7589 12a32. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:5D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric PressureD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combusti

33、on of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet EvaporationD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D525 T

34、est Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD3237

35、Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyD3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation FuelsD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Product

36、s, and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils andDetermination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emis

37、sion Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD6750 Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine1K Procedure (

38、0.4 % FuelSulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)D6837 Test Method for Measurement of Effects ofAutomotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-DutyTrucks in Sequence VIB Spark Ignition EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance wit

39、h SpecificationsE191 Specification forApparatus For Microdetermination of Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-Metallic CompoundsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 SAE Standards:6J304 Engine Oil TestsJ1423 Classification of En

40、ergy-Conserving Engine Oil for Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks2.3 API Publication:7API 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System2.4 ANSI Standard:8ANSI MC96.1-1975 Temperature Measurement Thermocouples3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, nin internal combustion engines,

41、the mass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into thecombustion chambers. D41753.1.2 automotive, adjdescriptive of equipment associated with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by internalcombustion engines. D44853.1.3 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that portion

42、 of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture thatleaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase during operation.3.1.4 break-in, vin internal combustion engines, the running of a new engine under prescribed conditions to help stabilizeengine response and help remove initial friction

43、characteristics associated with new engine parts. D68373.1.5 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output of a (e.g. thermometer, manometer, engine) device or a given enginewith respect to a standard.3.1.6 calibration oil, nan oil that is used to determine the indication or output of a measurin

44、g device or a given engine withrespect to a standard. D41755 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.6

45、Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr. Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. This standard is not available separately. Order theSAE Handbook Vol 2, or the SAE Fuels and Lubricants Standards Manual HS-23.7 Available from the American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Str

46、eet, NW, Washington, DC 20005.8 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.D7589 12a43.1.7 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between the moving parts of an engine; removes heat,particularl

47、y from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for the piston rings.3.1.7.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oiloxidation, and foaming are examples. D67503.1.8 fuel economy, n

48、in internal combustion engines, the efficient use of gasoline. D68373.1.8.1 DiscussionDetermined by comparing the rate of fuel consumption of a test oil with that displayed by baseline oil.3.1.9 lubricant, nany material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, betw

49、een them.D41753.1.10 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a reference oil, such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D41753.1.11 non-standard test, na test that is not conducted in conformance with the requirements in the standard test method, suchas running on an uncalibrated test stand, using different test equipment, applying different equipment assembly procedures, or usingmodified operating conditions. D41753.1.12 purchaser, nof an ASTM test, a person or organization that pays for the conduct of anASTM test method on a specifi