ASTM D7028-2007e1 895 Standard Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature (DMA Tg) of Polymer Matrix Composites by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)《用动态力学分析法(DMA)测定聚合物基复合材料的玻璃化转变.pdf
《ASTM D7028-2007e1 895 Standard Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature (DMA Tg) of Polymer Matrix Composites by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)《用动态力学分析法(DMA)测定聚合物基复合材料的玻璃化转变.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D7028-2007e1 895 Standard Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature (DMA Tg) of Polymer Matrix Composites by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)《用动态力学分析法(DMA)测定聚合物基复合材料的玻璃化转变.pdf(14页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 7028 071Standard Test Method forGlass Transition Temperature (DMA Tg) of Polymer MatrixComposites by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7028; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEReference to a research report was added and figures corrected in August 2008.1. Scope
3、1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determi-nation of the dry or wet (moisture conditioned) glass transitiontemperature (Tg) of polymer matrix composites containinghigh-modulus, 20 GPa ( 3 3 106psi), fibers using a dynamicmechanical analyzer (DMA) under flexural oscillation mode,which
4、is a specific subset of the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis(DMA) method.1.2 The glass transition temperature is dependent upon thephysical property measured, the type of measuring apparatusand the experimental parameters used. The glass transitiontemperature determined by this test method (referred to a
5、s“DMA Tg”) may not be the same as that reported by othermeasurement techniques on the same test specimen.1.3 This test method is primarily intended for polymermatrix composites reinforced by continuous, oriented, high-modulus fibers. Other materials, such as neat resin, may requirenon-standard devia
6、tions from this test method to achievemeaningful results.1.4 The values stated in SI units are standard. The valuesgiven in parentheses are non-standard mathematical conver-sions to common units that are provided for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety con
7、cerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3878 Terminology for Composite Mater
8、ialsD 4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-ties: Determination and Report of ProceduresD 4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic MechanicalPropertiesD 5229/D 5229M Test Method for Moisture AbsorptionProperties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Ma-trix Composite MaterialsE 177 P
9、ractice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE 1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-ReinforcedPolymer-Matrix Composite Materials in DatabasesE 1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical
10、Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in DatabasesE 1471 Guide for Identification of Fibers, Fillers, and CoreMaterials in Computerized Material Property DatabasesE 1640 Test Method for Assignment of the Glass TransitionTemperature By Dynamic Mechanical AnalysisE 1867 Test Method for Tem
11、perature Calibration of Dy-namic Mechanical Analyzers3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology D 3878 defines terms relatingto polymer matrix composites. Terminology D 4092 definesterms relating to dynamic mechanical property measurementson polymeric materials.3.2 Symbols:E = storage modulusE” = loss
12、 modulustan d = E”/E = tangent deltaDMA Tg = glass transition temperature defined from dy-namic mechanical analysis measurementL = length of specimenW = width of specimenT = thickness of specimenTt= peak temperature from tangent delta curve4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Aflat rectangular strip of lami
13、nate is placed in the DMAequipment and oscillated at a nominal frequency of 1 Hz. Thespecimen is heated at a rate of 5C/min (9F/min). The same1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 onComposite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 onLamina and L
14、aminate Test Methods.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2007. Published January 2008.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary p
15、age onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.loading frequency and heating rate is used for both dry and wetspecimens (moisture conditioned) to allow for comparison.The temperature at which a significant dro
16、p in storage modulus(E) begins is assigned as the glass transition temperature(DMA Tg). The peak temperature of the tangent delta curve(Tt) is identified along with DMATg for comparison purposes.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is designed to determine the glasstransition temperature of c
17、ontinuous fiber reinforced polymercomposites using the DMA method. The DMA Tg value isfrequently used to indicate the upper use temperature ofcomposite materials, as well as for quality control of compositematerials.6. Interferences6.1 The standard testing machine shall be of the DynamicMechanical A
18、nalysis (DMA) type of instrument that operateswith forced oscillation and applies a flexural loading mode(either three-point bend or dual cantilever) to the test specimen.Refer to Practice D 4065 for a summary of various other DMApractices. Other loading modes (such as tensile, torsion orshear) may
19、produce different test results. If another equipmenttype or loading mode is used the non-standard approach shallbe described in the report and the test result recorded asnon-standard.6.2 Afixed frequency of 1 Hz is standard in this test method.In general, for a given material, a higher testing frequ
20、encyproduces a higher DMA Tg value than this standard, while useof the resonance mode will yield a different DMA Tg that maybe either higher or lower than the standard. If a non-standardfrequency, or the resonance mode, is used, the non-standardapproach shall be described in the report and the test
21、resultrecorded as non-standard.6.3 Aheating rate of 5 6 1C/min (9 6 2F/min) is standardin this test method.Achange in heating rate will affect the glasstransition temperature result; the standard heating rate is thebest available compromise for comparing DMA Tg results ofdry and wet laminates. If a
22、different heating rate is used it shallbe described in the report and the result recorded as non-standard.NOTE 1Users should be advised that a heating rate of 5C/minrepresents a compromise between various issues related to Tg measure-ment precision and bias. It is widely known that heat transfer lim
23、itationsare more pronounced in DMA apparatus compared to other thermalanalysis techniques, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermomechanical analysis (TMA). For greatest precision, it has beenrecommended that heating rates be 2C/min or less. Test Method E 1640specifies a heating ra
24、te of 1C/min. However, in many cases 5C/min isrecommended as a compromise between Tg measurement accuracy andtest method convenience, especially for wet laminate measurements, sincethe slower heating rate will cause specimen drying that will itself bias theresults.6.4 Purge gas type and flow rate an
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