ASTM D6837-2013 red 9375 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VIB Spark Ign.pdf

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1、Designation: D6837 10D6837 13Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on FuelEconomy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks inSequence VIB Spark Ignition Engine1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6837; the number immediately following the designat

2、ion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe test method described in this

3、standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, withoutoutside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)3 provides reference oils andassessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory (see Annex A1). By this means,the laboratory will know whether their

4、 use of the test method gives results statistically similar to thoseobtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize theTMCservices in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the American PetroleumInstitute (API) imposes such

5、a requirement, in connection with several U.S. Army engine lubricatingoil specifications.Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories, which utilize the TMC services.Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test methodthat refer t

6、o the TMC.This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method. Users of this test methodshall contact the TMC, Attention: Administrator, to obtain the most recent of these.1. Scope Scope*

7、1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fueleconomy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight of 3856 kg or less. The tests are conducted on adynamometer test stand using a specified spark-igniti

8、on engine with a displacement of 4.6-L. It applies to multiviscosity grade oilsused in these applications.1.2 This test method also provides for the running of an abbreviated length test that is referred to as the VIBSJ. The procedurefor VIBSJ is identical to the Sequence VIB with the exception of t

9、he items specifically listed in Annex A13. The proceduremodifications listed in Annex A13 refer to the corresponding section of the Sequence VIB test method.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 ExceptionsW

10、here there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size,or single source supply equipment specifications. Brake Specific Fuel Consumption is measured in kilograms per kilowatthour. InFigs. A2.4, A2.5, and A2.8, inch-pound units are to be regarded as

11、standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1 This t

12、est method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.01on Passenger Car Engine Oils.Current edition approved May 1, 2010May 1, 2013. Published August 2010 May 2013. Originally approved in 2002. Last pr

13、evious edition approved in 20092010 asD6837D6837 10.09a. DOI: 10.1520/D6837-10.10.1520/D6837-13.2 The multi-cylinder engine test sequences were originally developed in 1956 by an ASTM Committee D02 group. Subsequently, the procedures were published in anASTM special technical publication. The Sequen

14、ce VIB was published as Research Report RR:D02-1469 dated April 8, 1999.3 ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. For other information, refer to Research Report RR:D02-1469, Sequence VIB TestDevelopment. This research report and this test method are supplemented by

15、 Information Letters and Memoranda issued by the ASTM TMC. This edition incorporatesrevisions in all Information Letters through No. 091.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous ver

16、sion. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes sec

17、tion appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.5 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroductionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significa

18、nce and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine Configuration 6.2Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Torque Control 6.4Dynamometer 6.4.1Dynamometer Torque 6.4.2Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System 6.7Fuel Flow Measurement 6.7.2Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control

19、 tothe Fuel Flowmeter6.7.3Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control toEngine Fuel Rail6.7.4Fuel Supply Pumps 6.7.5Fuel Filtering 6.7.6Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Intake Air Humidity 6.8.1Intake Air Filtration 6.8.2Intake Air Pressure Relief 6.8.3Temperature Measurement 6.9Thermocouple Location 6.9.5AFR

20、Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11Exhaust Manifolds 6.11.1Laboratory Exhaust System 6.11.2Exhaust Back Pressure 6.11.3Pressure Measurement and Pressure SensorLocations6.12Engine Oil 6.12.2Fuel to Fuel Flowmeter 6.12.3Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail 6.12.4Exhaust Back Pressure

21、6.12.5Intake Air 6.12.6Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressure 6.12.7Coolant Flow Differential Pressure 6.12.8Crankcase Pressure 6.12.9Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Test Engine Configuration 6.13.1ECM/EEC (Engine Control) Module 6.13.2Thermostat/Orifice Plate 6.13.3Intake Manifold 6.13.

22、4Flywheel 6.13.5Wiring Harnesses 6.13.6EGR Block-Off Plate 6.13.7Oil Pan 6.13.8Oil Pump Screen and Pickup Tube 6.13.9Idle Speed Control Solenoid (ISC) Block-OffPlate6.13.10Engine Water Pump 6.13.11Thermostat Housing 6.13.12Oil Filter Adapter 6.13.13Fuel Rail 6.13.14Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to

23、 EngineOperation6.14Timing Light 6.14.1Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Preparation of Apparatus 8Test Stand Preparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.2Engine Assembly Procedure 9.3General Assembly Instructions 9.3.1Bolt T

24、orque Specifications 9.3.2D6837 132Subject SectionSealing Compounds 9.3.3Harmonic Balancer 9.3.5Oil Pan 9.3.6Intake Manifold 9.3.7Camshaft Covers 9.3.8Thermostat 9.3.9Thermostat Housing 9.3.10Coolant Inlet 9.3.11Oil Filter Adapter 9.3.12Dipstick Tube 9.3.13Water Pump 9.3.14Sensors, Switches, Valves,

25、 and Positioners 9.3.15Ignition System 9.3.16Fuel Injection System 9.3.17Intake Air System 9.3.18Engine Management System (Spark and FuelControl)9.3.19Accessory Drive Units 9.3.20Exhaust Manifolds 9.3.21Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.3.22Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.3.23Engine Mounts 9.3.24Calibrati

26、on 10Stand/Engine Calibration 10.1Procedure 10.1.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.1.2Analysis of Reference/Calibration Oils 10.1.3Instrument Calibration 10.2Engine Torque Measurement System 10.2.1Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.2.2Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.2.3Thermocouple and Temperature

27、MeasurementSystem10.2.4Humidity Measurement System 10.2.5Other Instrumentation 10.2.6Test Procedure 11Preparation for Initial Start-up of New Engine 11.1External Oil System 11.1.1Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 11.1.2Preparation for Oil Charge 11.1.3Oil Charge for Coolant Flush 11.1.4Engine Coolan

28、t Charge for Coolant Flush 11.1.5Initial Engine Start-up 11.2Coolant Flush 11.3New Engine Break-In 11.4Oil Charge for Break-In 11.4.2Break-In Operating Conditions 11.4.3Routine Test Operation 11.5Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.5.8Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.5.9Test Operating Stages

29、11.5.10Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.5.11Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.5.12Data Logging 11.5.13BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil Before TestOil11.5.14BSFC Measurement of BC Oil Before Test Oil 11.5.15Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.5.16Test Oil Aging 11.5.17BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase

30、I) Test Oil 11.5.18Aging Phase II 11.5.19BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil 11.5.21BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.22BSFC Measurement for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.23General Test Data Logging Forms 11.5.24Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.5.25Determination of Test Resu

31、lts 12FEI1 and FEI2 Calculations 12.1Final Test Report 13Validity Statement 13.1Report Format 13.2Precision and Bias 14Precision 14.1Validity 14.2Test Stand Calibration Status 14.2.1Validity Interpretation of Deviant OperationalConditions14.2.2D6837 133Subject SectionBias 14.3Keywords 15AnnexesRole

32、of ASTM TMC Annex A1Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A2Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure Annex A3Engine Part Number Listing Annex A4Flying Flush Checklists Annex A5Safety Precautions Annex A6Report Format Annex A7Statistical Equations for Mean and StandardDeviationsAnnex A

33、8Oil Sump Full Level Determination ConsumptionMeasurement Calibration ProcedureAnnex A9Fuel Injector Evaluation Annex A10Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A11Blow-by Ventilation System Requirements Annex A12VIBSJ Abbreviated Length Test Requirements Annex A13AppendixProcurement of Test Materials

34、Appendix X12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric PressureD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb

35、 CalorimeterD287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet EvaporationD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opa

36、que Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engin

37、e FuelD3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyD3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation FuelsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and LubricantsD4294 Test Method for Sulfu

38、r in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD6557 Test Method for Evaluation of Rust Preventive Characteristics of Automotive Engine OilsD6750 Test Methods for Evaluation of En

39、gine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine1K Procedure (0.4 % FuelSulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE191 Specification forApparatus For Microdetermination of Carbon and Hydroge

40、n in Organic and Organo-Metallic Compounds2.2 SAE Standards:5J304 Engine Oil TestsJ1423 Classification of Energy-Conserving Engine Oil for Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks2.3 API Publication:6API 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System2.4 ANSI Standard:7ANSI MC96.1-1975 Temperature Me

41、asurement Thermocouples3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:4 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.5 Availabl

42、e from Society ofAutomotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA15096-0001. This standard is not available separately. Either order theSAE Handbook Vol. 3, or the SAE Fuels and Lubricants Standards Manual HS-23.6 Available from The American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW

43、, Washington, DC 20005.7 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.D6837 1343.1.1 air-fuel ratio, nin internal combustion engines, the mass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into thecombustion chambers. D41753.1.2 autom

44、otive, adjdescriptive of equipment associated with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by internalcombustion engines. D44853.1.3 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that portion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture thatleaks past piston rings into the engine cr

45、ankcase during operation.3.1.4 BTDC (before top dead center), nused with the degree symbol to indicate the angular position of the crankshaft relativeto its position at the point of uppermost travel of the piston in the cylinder.3.1.5 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output of a device (e.

46、g., thermometer, manometer, engine) with respect to thatof a standard.3.1.6 calibration oil, nan oil that is used to determine the indication or output of a measuring device or a given engine withrespect to a standard. D41753.1.7 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between

47、the moving parts within an engine; removes heat,particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for the piston rings.3.1.7.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oiloxid

48、ation, and foaming are examples. D67503.1.8 lubricant, nany material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, between them.D41753.1.9 non-reference oil, nany oil other than a reference oil, such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D41753.1.1

49、0 purchaser, nof an ASTM test, a person or organization that pays for the conduct of anASTM test method on a specifiedproduct.3.1.10.1 DiscussionThe preferred term is purchaser. Deprecated terms that have been used are client, requester, sponsor, and customer. D41753.1.11 reference oil, nan oil of known performance characteristics used as a basis for comparison.3.1.11.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibrate testing facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, or to evaluate other materials (suchas seals) that interact with oils. D41753.1.1