ASTM D6799-2013 red 8750 Standard Terminology Relating to Inflatable Restraints《与充气减震相关的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: D6799 08D6799 13Standard Terminology Relating toInflatable Restraints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa

2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard covers terminology which is used in the evaluation of inflatable restraint fabrics, cushions, and modules.2. Referenced Documents2.1

3、ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD3990 Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:abrasion, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a fuzzy cluster of broken filaments damaged by scraping.accelerated aging, n in textile processing and testing, the use of contr

4、olled environmental conditions to promote rapid physicalor chemical change in a textile material.DISCUSSIONFor inflatable restraints, practices for conducting accelerated aging are designed to determine the aggravated effects on a fabric from exposures to heat,humidity, or ozone, or a combination th

5、ereof. These environmental conditions may also be cycled in combination. The four accelerated agingprocedures of concern to the design and manufacture of inflatable restraints are referred to as cycle aging, heat aging, humidity aging, and ozone aging.adhesive failure, nfor inflatable restraint seal

6、ed and sewn seams, a failure of seam sealant at the interface of two substrateswhere the sealant is sheared such that a portion of the sealant greater than 90 % of the original thickness of the sealant layermust remain attached to one of the two substrate surfaces, while a portion of the sealant les

7、s than 10 % of the original thicknessof the sealant layer must remain attached to the other of the two substrate surfaces.air splice, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, the thicker portion of a yarn resulting from the entanglement of the filaments at theends of two multifilament yarns to create a co

8、ntinuous yarn.average dynamic air permeability (ADAP), nfor inflatable restraints, the average of all of DAP measurements within aspecified range of pressure differentials.bleedthrough, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, the presence of coating material on the uncoated side, between two yarn

9、s,without covering either yarn.blip, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, any short, irregularly shaped or textured portion of an individual multifilament yarn thathas been woven into the fabric, including slough offs, stripbacks, fuzz balls, snarls, and slubs.breakout pressure, n for inflatable restr

10、aints, the pressure level during deployment which ruptures the module cover.broken filament, n for inflatable restraint fabrics, an individual filament, separated from a multifilament yarn bundle, that lieson the surface of the fabric.1 This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D1

11、3 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.20 on Inflatable Restraints.Current edition approved July 1, 2008Jan. 1, 2013. Published July 2008February 2013. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20072008 asD6799 07.D6799 08. DOI: 10.1520/D6799-08.10.15

12、20/D6799-13.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is i

13、ntended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the cu

14、rrent versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1bruise, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a shift in the squareness of the weave pattern in a

15、n area that has been subjected to impactor pressure.coated fabric, na flexible material composed of a textile fabric and an adherent polymeric material applied to one or both sides.coating slub, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, an irregularly shaped lump of coating material on the surface

16、of the coatedlayer resembling a yarn slub.coating streak, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, minor variation in the color or opacity of the coated layer.coating transfer, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, the presence of coating material on the uncoated side, covering oneor more yar

17、ns.cohesive failure, nfor inflatable restraint sealed and sewn seams, a failure of seam sealant at the interface of two substrateswhere the sealant is sheared such that a portion of the sealant greater than 10 % of the original thickness of the sealant layermust remain attached to both of the two su

18、bstrate surfaces.contamination, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, the presence of non-coating material in the coated layer.cushion, nfor inflatable restraints, the inflatable fabric envelope portion of a module.cushion overpressurization, nfor inflatable restraints, the process of inflating

19、 a cushion at internal pressures greater than designdeployment pressures; bag burst.defect, nspecific for inflatable restraints, an imperfection in a cut piece of fabric that judgment and experience indicate is likelyto result in either hazardous or improper deployment of the inflatable restraint mo

20、dule in which the imperfection is incorporated.DISCUSSIONAn example of a defect is a hole in the piece of fabric through which inflation gases can vent improperly.deployment, nfor inflatable restraints, the sequence of events related to the activation of a module.dynamic air permeability (DAP), nfor

21、 inflatable restraints, the dynamic air permeability measured at a single specifiedpressure differential.edgecombing, n for inflatable restraints, the separation of yarns from their normal orthagonal configuration in a woven fabricdue to seam stress or similar action near the edge of a cut partenvir

22、onmental conditions, nin textile testing, the atmosphere in which specified moisture levels, temperature ranges, andconcentrations of gases are controlled.exponent of dynamic air permeability (EXP), nfor inflatable restraints, a descriptive factor used in a mathematical modelintegral to the apparatu

23、s software which relates the change in dynamic air permeability as the pressure differential changes.extractable matter, n for inflatable restraint fabrics, non fibrous material in or on a textile, not including water, which isremovable by a specified solvent or solvents, as directed in a specified

24、procedure.filling bar, n for inflatable restraint fabrics, a temporary change in the filling-wise density of the weave pattern. (Syn: stop/startmark.)finished, adjfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a descriptive term for fabric that has been treated after weaving and that is suitablefor coating or pi

25、ece cutting.flat fabric, n for inflatable restraints, fabric composed of a single woven layer. (See also one-piece woven).fold over, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a hard ridge where a layer is overlapped upon itself where if applicable coatingintegrity is compromised.foreign matter, n for infla

26、table restraint fabrics, an extraneous interwoven fragment whose size, color, or texture indicates thatit is not of the same material as the fibers in the base fabric.grading, nthe procedure used to identify and quantify the number of imperfections in a roll of fabric detected during visualinspectio

27、n.hard contamination, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, the presence of non-coating material within or on the coatinglayer, such material visibly appearing to be of large size, coarse or sharp in texture, and of a thickness that protrudes significantlyabove the surface of the coating layer.

28、D6799 132DISCUSSIONExamples are metal filings, glass, plastic, or wood splinters.DISCUSSIONSide lighting of fabric during fabric inspection may be used to determine how significantly contamination protrudes from the surface of the fabric.heavy coating streak, n for coated inflatable restraint fabric

29、s, a narrow area of fabric, generally in the shape of a line orientedin the warp direction of the fabric, in which the coating layer is visibly at a higher rate of coverage than the surrounding material.hole, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, an opening not characteristic of the normal weave patter

30、n where one or more yarns is cut,torn, or shifted.imperfection, na departure of a quality characteristic from its intended level or state.inflatable restraint, na vehicular safety device designed to cushion an occupant or equipment during collision; an airbag.inflator, nfor inflatable restraints, a

31、device for generating and directing expansion gases into a cushion.ink stain, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, presence of marking ink in an area of fabric not provided for identification by anapplicable specification.kinky filling, n for inflatable restraint fabrics, an area of the fabric in whic

32、h a short section of the weft yarn is folded back uponitself, causing the appearance of a thick or heavy section of yarn. This is contrasted to a loop in that the excess yarn does notprotrude from the surface of the fabric.light coating, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, a localized amorpho

33、us area of fabric in which the coating layer is visiblyat a lower rate of coverage than the surrounding material.light coating streak, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, a narrow area of light coating, generally in the shape of a lineoriented in the warp direction of the fabric.long float, n

34、for inflatable restraints fabrics, a small change in the weave pattern where a warp or filling yarn extends over sixor more filling or warp yarns with which it should be interlaced.loop, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a continuous yarn that curls back on itself and protrudes from the surface of

35、the fabric.(Syn. kink,snag.)major imperfection, n in fabric grading, a deviation in a roll of fabric that judgment and experience indicate is likely to havean adverse affect on subsequent use or processing of the fabric.DISCUSSIONExamples of major imperfections are a yarn loop that could become snag

36、ged upon deployment of the cushion and a fabric stain that could affect thephysical properties of the material.marking ink, n for inflatable restraint fabrics, pigment in the shape of characters or patterns intentionally applied on fabric forthe purpose of identification.maximum inflation pressure,

37、nfor inflatable restraints, the maximum internal cushion pressure occurring after breakoutpressure.minor imperfection, n in fabric grading, a deviation in a roll of fabric that judgment and experience indicate is likely to haveno bearing on subsequent use or processing of the fabric.DISCUSSIONExampl

38、es of minor imperfections are a seam mark and a stop/start mark.missing coating, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, portions of the coated layer containing exposed base fabric or scrapemarks in the coated layer.missing yarn, n for inflatable restraint fabrics, a yarn discontinuity resulting

39、in a change in weave pattern.misweave, nfor inflatable restraint fabrics, a change in the weave pattern caused by incorrect interlacing or insertion of a yarn.(Includes mispick,wrong,draw,jerk-in.)D6799 133module, nfor inflatable restraints, an assembly composed of an inflator, cushion, mounting dev

40、ice, trigger, and cover.one-piece woven, adj for inflatable restraints, a descriptive related to either 1) a tubulary woven fabric composed of two-layerinflatable sections, visible lines where the two layers initially interlace, and non-inflatable woven sections, or 2) the cushion cutfrom such fabri

41、c.DISCUSSIONUnder certain designs, a weaving machine is capable of simultaneously weaving two separate layers of fabric, one over the other, with tight interlacingsselectively woven between them. Where the layers are not interlaced, the fabric is capable of being inflated; where they are interlaced,

42、 inflation is notpossible. Although the pattern in the fabric described by the visible line where the two inflatable layers interlace may be a complex shape other thana tube, the construction is commonly referred to as tubularly woven. such weaving methods are sometimes used to minimize sewn seams i

43、n themanufacture of inflatable restraint cushions.packability, n for inflatable restraints, the compressibility of a folded airbag cushion relative to the space available in an airbagmodule.rework, nfor inflatable restraints, the deviation from normal process flow remedially altering finished fabric

44、, coated fabric, orcut pieces for the purpose of minimizing or removing a major imperfection.sealed and sewn seam, nin inflatable restraint cushions, a seam formed by applying a layer of seam sealant between two layersof substrate prior to a seam being sewn.DISCUSSIONThis is done to prevent the leak

45、age of gas at the seam interface.seam efficiency, n in inflatable restraints, the ratio of seam strength to fabric strength.seam failure, n in inflatable restraints, the point at which an external force ruptures a seam assembly or the fabric, or causesexcessive yarn slippage adjacent to the seam ass

46、embly.seam sealant, nin sewn and sealed seams used for inflatble restraint cushions, a liquid material applied between two layers ofsubstrate and allowed to cure to at least a semi-solid state prior to a seam being sewn through the combination of the seam sealantsandwiched between the two layers of

47、substrate.seam slippage, n in sewn fabrics, the displacement of fabric yarn parallel and adjacent to the stitch line.seam strength, n in inflatable restraints, the maximum force required to create a seam failure.sharp crease, n for inflatable restraint fabrics, a sharp ridge that can be felt easily,

48、 caused by a hard folding of the fabric overitself not by design.short float, n for inflatable restraints fabrics, a warp or filling yarn extending over five or fewer filling or warp yarns with whichit should be interlaced.short knot, nfor inflatable restraints fabrics, a small knob of yarn and asso

49、ciated tails where two yarns are tied together byinterlocking loops for the purpose of maintaining yarn continuity.sizing, nfor inflatable restraints fabrics, , a generic term for compounds which, when applied to yarn or fabric, form a more orless continuous solid film around the yarn and individual fibers.soft contamination, n for coated inflatable restraint fabrics, the presence of non-coating material within or on the coating layer,such material visibly appearing to be of small size, smooth in surface