ASTM D6598-2011 4375 Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Platforms for Monitoring Vertical Deformations《监测垂直变形用沉降平台的安装和操作标准指南》.pdf
《ASTM D6598-2011 4375 Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Platforms for Monitoring Vertical Deformations《监测垂直变形用沉降平台的安装和操作标准指南》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D6598-2011 4375 Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Platforms for Monitoring Vertical Deformations《监测垂直变形用沉降平台的安装和操作标准指南》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D6598 11Standard Guide forInstalling and Operating Settlement Platforms for MonitoringVertical Deformations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide provides recommended designs and proce-dures for the fabrication, installation, operation, and re
3、ading ofsettlement platform to determine the magnitude and rate offoundation, fill settlements, or both generally under a fill orembankment load. Two types of settlement platforms aredescribed those being monitored by elevation surveys froman external bench mark and those that include an internalref
4、erence system supported on unyielding soil or rock beneaththe compressible layer(s) of interest.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This guide does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if an
5、y, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this guide to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not reco
6、mmend a specificcourse of action. This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgement. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable inall circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended torepresent or replace the standard of care by w
7、hich theadequacy of a given professional service must be judged, norshould this document be applied without consideration of aprojects many unique aspects. The word “standard” in thetitle of this document means only that the document has beenapproved through the ASTM consensus process.2. Referenced
8、Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Ground WaterMo
9、nitoring Wells3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms in this standard, refer toTerminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 settlement platforma system consisting of a squarebase platform with an extendible riser pipe of known lengthwhich is used to
10、 monitor vertical deformations at the elevationof the base platform by survey measurements made of the topof the riser pipe.3.2.2 external and internal reference point systemwith anexternal system, the amount of settlement is determined byreferencing the elevation of the settlement platform to anout
11、side elevation benchmark; with an internal system, theamount of settlement is determined by measuring the relativedisplacement of two co-axial riser pipes moving relative toeach other, the outer riser pipe being attached to the baseplatform and the inner riser pipe being fixed to an unyieldingstratu
12、m.3.2.3 anchoran anchor system that provides an internalfixed reference point below the base of the settlement platformsystem.3.2.4 extendible risera metal shaft or pipe which can beincrementally lengthened using sections of the same materialand appropriate couplings as fill is placed and compacted
13、toensure that the top of the riser remains above the level of thesurrounding ground surface. Depending on whether an externalor internal reference point is being used, there may be one ortwo risers.3.2.5 isolation casinga casing of a larger diameter thanthe extendible risers is used in some installa
14、tions to preventdown-drag of soil on the extendible riser that would otherwisebe in contact with the soil from placing additional load on theplatform and thereby leading to overestimates of deformations.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct resp
15、onsibility of Subcommittee D18.23 on Field Instrumentation.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D659807. DOI:10.1520/D6598-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontac
16、t ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
17、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.6 For definitions of other terms used in this guide seeTerminology D653.4. Summary of Standard Guide4.1 The standard guide presents recommended designs forsettlement platforms along with procedures to install, operateand monitor them. The standard guide
18、focuses on methods thatpermit (i) the effect of fill placement on underlying strata and(ii) the determination of the relative deformation within a fill.The guide addresses ways in which the instrument is protectedfrom downdrag effects from the fill soils as well as measures toprotect the instrument
19、from damage by earth moving equip-ment. Standard survey procedures are used to determine themagnitude of deformations. Recommended procedures forreporting the details of an installation and the recordeddeformations are presented.5. Significance and Use5.1 Earthen fills are often constructed as engin
20、eered struc-tures, for example, dams, or to support engineered structures,for examples, roads or buildings. The weight of the fill maycompress or deform the supporting soil or rock foundationresulting in settlement of the soil throughout the embankment.Temporary embankments or surcharge fills are co
21、nstructed toincrease the strength and/or reduce the compressibility offoundation soils prior to placement of the actual foundation orstructure. The designers often monitor the settlement of theearth structure as a function of time to document the magnitudeand rate of settlement, to evaluate the pote
22、ntial for futuresettlement, or to confirm the effectiveness of the surcharge andthe schedule for its removal. The monitoring is performedusing settlement platforms installed prior to or during theembankment construction. A platform provides an accessiblesurvey point that settles with a selected soil
23、 horizon within orbelow the embankment. Careful design and installation of thesettlement platform can isolate the survey point from extrane-ous sources of movement such as frost-induced heave, com-pression within the embankment, or volume changes caused bymoisture gain or loss.5.2 Various settlement
24、 platform designs have been devel-oped by the agencies and practitioners that use them. Thisstandard guide provides designs and procedures that can bereferred to in design guidelines, specifications and reports.5.3 This standard guide is not meant to restrict the use ofother equally appropriate desi
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