ASTM D6598-2007 Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Platforms for Monitoring Vertical Deformations《监测垂直变形件用安装和操作沉降平台的标准指南》.pdf
《ASTM D6598-2007 Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Platforms for Monitoring Vertical Deformations《监测垂直变形件用安装和操作沉降平台的标准指南》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D6598-2007 Standard Guide for Installing and Operating Settlement Platforms for Monitoring Vertical Deformations《监测垂直变形件用安装和操作沉降平台的标准指南》.pdf(6页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 6598 07Standard Guide forInstalling and Operating Settlement Platforms for MonitoringVertical Deformations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide provides recommended designs and proce-dures for the fabrication, installation, operation, and
3、 reading ofsettlement platform to determine the magnitude and rate offoundation, fill settlements, or bothgenerally under a fill orembankment load. Two types of settlement platforms aredescribed those be monitored by elevation surveys from anexternal bench mark and those that include an internal ref
4、er-ence system supported on unyielding soil or rock beneath thecompressible layer(s) of interest.1.2 This guide does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this guide to establish appropriate safety andhealth practice
5、s and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action. This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with pro
6、fessionaljudgement. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable inall circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended torepresent or replace the standard of care by which theadequacy of a given professional service must be judged, norshould this document be applied without consideration of apr
7、ojects many unique aspects. The word “standard” in thetitle of this document means only that the document has beenapproved through the ASTM consensus process.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD 3740 Practice for Minimum Requiremen
8、ts for AgenciesEngaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rockas Used in Engineering Design and ConstructionD 5092 Practice for Design and Installation of GroundWater Monitoring Wells3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 settlement platforma system consisti
9、ng of a squarebase platform with an extendible riser pipe of known lengthwhich is used to monitor vertical deformations at the elevationof the base platform by survey measurements made of the topof the riser pipe.3.1.2 external and internal reference point systemwith anexternal system, the amount of
10、 settlement is determined byreferencing the elevation of the settlement platform to anoutside elevation benchmark; with an internal system, theamount of settlement is determined by measuring the relativedisplacement of two co-axial riser pipes moving relative toeach other, the outer riser pipe being
11、 attached to the baseplatform and the inner riser pipe being fixed to an unyieldingstratum.3.1.3 anchoran anchor system that provides an internalfixed reference point below the base of the settlement platformsystem.3.1.4 extendible risera metal shaft or pipe which can beincrementally lengthened usin
12、g sections of the same materialand appropriate couplings as fill is placed and compacted toensure that the top of the riser remains above the level of thesurrounding ground surface. Depending on whether an externalor internal reference point is being used, there may be one ortwo risers.3.1.5 isolati
13、on casinga casing of a larger diameter thanthe extendible risers is used in some installations to preventdown-drag of soil on the extendible riser that would otherwisebe in contact with the soil from placing additional load on theplatform and thereby leading to overestimates of deformations.3.1.6 Fo
14、r definitions of other terms used in this guide seeTerminology D 653.4. Summary of Standard Guide4.1 The standard guide presents recommended designs forsettlement platforms along with procedures to install, operateand monitor them. The standard guide focuses on methods thatpermit (i) the effect of f
15、ill placement on underlying strata and1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.23 on Field Instrumentation.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous editi
16、on approved in 2000 as D 659800.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes sectio
17、n appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.(ii) the determination of the relative deformation within a fill.The guide addresses ways in which the instrument is protectedfrom downdrag effects
18、from the fill soils as well as measures toprotect the instrument from damage by earth moving equip-ment. Standard survey procedures are used to determine themagnitude of deformations. Recommended procedures forreporting the details of an installation and the recordeddeformations are presented.5. Sig
19、nificance and Use5.1 Earthen fills are often constructed as engineered struc-tures, for example, dams, or to support engineered structures,for examples, roads or buildings. The weight of the fill maycompress or deform the supporting soil or rock foundationresulting in settlement of the soil througho
20、ut the embankment.Temporary embankments or surcharge fills are constructed toincrease the strength and/or reduce the compressibility offoundation soils prior to placement of the actual foundation orstructure. The designers often monitor the settlement of theearth structure as a function of time to d
21、ocument the magnitudeand rate of settlement, to evaluate the potential for futuresettlement, or to confirm the effectiveness of the surcharge andthe schedule for its removal. The monitoring is performedusing settlement platforms installed prior to or during theembankment construction. A platform pro
22、vides an accessiblesurvey point that settles with a selected soil horizon within orbelow the embankment. Careful design and installation of thesettlement platform can isolate the survey point from extrane-ous sources of movement such as frost-induced heave, com-pression within the embankment, or vol
23、ume changes caused bymoisture gain or loss.5.2 Various settlement platform designs have been devel-oped by the agencies and practitioners that use them. Thisstandard guide provides designs and procedures that can bereferred to in design guidelines, specifications and reports.5.3 This standard guide
24、is not meant to restrict the use ofother equally appropriate designs and procedures for thefabrication, installation, operation, and reading of settlementplatforms to monitor deformations in earthen deposits duringand after construction.NOTE 1Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias con-
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