ASTM D6523-2000(2005) Standard Guide for Evaluation and Selection of Alternative Daily Covers (ADCs) for Sanitary Landfills《垃圾堆积场的代用日掩盖物的评价和选定的标准指南》.pdf
《ASTM D6523-2000(2005) Standard Guide for Evaluation and Selection of Alternative Daily Covers (ADCs) for Sanitary Landfills《垃圾堆积场的代用日掩盖物的评价和选定的标准指南》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D6523-2000(2005) Standard Guide for Evaluation and Selection of Alternative Daily Covers (ADCs) for Sanitary Landfills《垃圾堆积场的代用日掩盖物的评价和选定的标准指南》.pdf(6页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 6523 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Guide forEvaluation and Selection of Alternative Daily Covers (ADCs)for Sanitary Landfills1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6523; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to assist specifiers and end usersin assessing the different opti
3、ons available for sanitary landfilldaily cover materials described as alternative (non-soil) dailycovers (ADCs). Traditional daily cover consists of at least 6 in.of soil spread over the working faces of sanitary landfills.Alternative systems are attractive to landfill operations in orderto conserve
4、 landfill disposal space, among other reasons.1.2 This guide assists in understanding different perfor-mance features of broad classifications of ADCs, and deter-mining the extent and degree to which different ADCs are ableto “control disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, andscavenging, wit
5、hout presenting a threat to human health andthe environment,” as intended by United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency (USEPA) regulations.1.3 This guide is not intended to provide cost informationregarding the various ADCs as a standard guide, it does notdictate a protocol for the practice and t
6、esting of ADCs, butrather provides valuable information, guidance, and recom-mendations to interested parties concerning the many optionsavailable.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 4982 Test Methods for Flammability Potential ScreeningAnalysis of WasteE96 Test Methods for Water Vapor Tran
7、smission of Mate-rials2.2 Other Standards3Solid Waste Disposal Facility Criteria, USEPA, TechnicalManual EPA 530-R-93-017, Cover Material Require-ments, 40 CFR 258 21, Nov 1993“The Use of Alternative Materials for Daily Cover atMunicipal Solid Waste Landfills” EPA 600/R-93/172 PB92-227197 July 1993A
8、lternative Daily Cover Regulations, California Environ-mental Protection Agency, Title 27, Division 2, Subdivi-sion 1, Chapter 3, Subchapter 4, Article 2, Section 20680CIWMB Daily Cover and Section 20690 CIWMB Alter-native Daily Cover3. Terminology3.1 alternative daily cover, nan alternative to the
9、tradi-tional 6-in. (15-cm) soil cover required by the USEPA forlandfill working faces to “control disease vectors, fires, odors,blowing litter, and scavenging, without presenting a threat tohuman health and the environment.”3.2 foam, na synthetic material sprayed and combinedwith air to form closed-
10、cell air pockets.3.3 geosynthetic, na planar product manufactured frompolymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-technical engineering related material as an integral part of aman-made project, structure, or system.3.4 indigenous, adjnative to a particular region.3.5 leachate, ncon
11、taminated water resulting from thecombination of waste with precipitation.3.6 nonreusable, adjin geosynthetics, a fabric or filmintended to be placed once and then disposed of, discarded, orleft in place.3.7 reusable, adjin geosynthetics, a fabric or membranematerial intended to be retrieved and ins
12、talled more than onceto perform the cover function.3.8 sanitary landfill, na regulated disposal site for thedeposition of commercial and household wastes.3.9 working face, nthe area of a landfill in which waste isactively being deposited.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide provides information whi
13、ch the regulator/permit officials, engineers, waste disposal operators, and otherswill find helpful to (1) understand and distinguish between the1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosyntheticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.03 on Permeability andFiltr
14、ation.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published December 2005. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 652300.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStanda
15、rds volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the Superintendent of Documents, US Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Stat
16、es.many choices available; (2) understand the performance fea-ture considerations for living up to EPA regulations for landfilldaily covers, and (3) understand the various requirements anddifferences for putting these covers into practice at landfills.5. Classifications of ADCs5.1 FoamsFoam ADCs are
17、 applied to the working face ofsanitary landfills using foam generation and application equip-ment specifically designed for that particular foam. Bothhardening and non-hardening foams are currently available.These foam layers are effectively broken-up by the placementof additional wastes on the nex
18、t operating day, and thereforedoes not interfere with fluid movement.5.2 Spray-On SlurriesMost slurries are paper-based. Thepaper-based slurry ADCs are applied to the working face ofsanitary landfills using standard hydro-seeding equipment.Certain types of slurries may require some modification of t
19、hehydro-seeding equipment. The slurries are allowed to harden toform a crust or shell over the working face. This covering isalso broken-up by the placement of additional wastes on thenext operating day.5.3 Geosynthetics:5.3.1 ReusableReusable geosynthetic ADCs consist ofvarious types of fabric or p
20、lastic membranes that have eitherbeen developed or adapted for use as a daily cover material.Panels fabricated from these materials are placed over theworking face at the end of the day, and retrieved prior to thestart of the next operating day. Some landfills use specialmechanized equipment to faci
21、litate the placement and retrievalof panels.5.3.2 NonreusableNonreusable geosynthetic ADCs con-sist of less durable disposable films or fabrics, intended to beleft in place without retrieval. Special equipment also exists tofacilitate the placement and anchoring of these materials tocover the workin
22、g face of landfills. The cover may containpro-degradant additives to accelerate degradation within thewaste to cease the interception of fluids.5.4 Indigenous MaterialsIndigenous ADCs consist ofvarious types of locally available waste products for disposal(for example, sludges, ash, shredded tires,
23、shredded greenwaste, pulverized construction and demolition debris, automo-bile recycling fluff, foundry sand, and so forth) placed onto theworking face of landfills in a manner similar to soil cover. Theyoften require physical or chemical modification for consistencyand workability, and evaluation
24、for the presence of potentiallyhazardous constituents. Processed indigenous materials such astreated sludges and asphalt-stabilized soils are available frommanufacturers who are able to provide such products withconsistent properties. Manufacturers should have the necessarysupporting data available
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