ASTM D6113-2016 red 0748 Standard Test Method for Using a Cone Calorimeter to Determine Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Insulating Materials Contained in Electrical or Optica.pdf

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1、Designation: D6113 11D6113 16Standard Test Method forUsing a Cone Calorimeter to Determine Fire-Test-ResponseCharacteristics of Insulating Materials Contained inElectrical or Optical Fiber Cables1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6113; the number immediately following the designat

2、ion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This is a fire-test-response stan

3、dard.1.2 Several fire-test-response characteristics, including the time to sustained flaming, heat release rate, total heat released,effective heat of combustion, and specific extinction area; are measured or calculated by this test method at a constant radiantheating flux. For specific limitations

4、see also 5.7 and Section 6.1.3 The tests are conducted by burning the electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables when thecable test specimens, excluding accessories, are subjected to radiant heat.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standar

5、d. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicabi

6、lity or regulatorylimitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlledconditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire

7、hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, productsor assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting thesetests.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditi

8、oning Plastics for TestingD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD5424 Test Method for Smoke Obscuration of Insulating Materials Contained in Electrical or Optical Fiber Cables WhenBurning in a Vertical Cable Tray ConfigurationD5485 Test Method for Determining the Corrosive Effect of Com

9、bustion Products Using the Cone CorrosimeterD5537 Test Method for Heat Release, Flame Spread, Smoke Obscuration, and Mass Loss Testing of Insulating MaterialsContained in Electrical or Optical Fiber Cables When Burning in a Vertical Cable Tray ConfigurationE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE691 Prac

10、tice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodE906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile MethodE1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen

11、ConsumptionCalorimeterE1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or CompositesUsing a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption CalorimeterE2058 Test Methods for Measurement of Material Flammability Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)1 This tes

12、t method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD09.17 on Fire and Thermal Properties.Current edition approved April 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2016. Published April 2011December 2016. Originally approved

13、in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2010 asD6113 10.D6113 11. DOI: 10.1520/D6113-11.10.1520/D6113-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the stand

14、ards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accuratel

15、y, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Driv

16、e, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E2965 Test Method for Determination of Low Levels of Heat Release Rate for Materials and Products Using an OxygenConsumption Calorimeter2.2 CSA Standard:CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, FT4, Vertical Flame Tests: Cables in Cable Trays, Section 4.11.4

17、 in C22.2 No. 0.3, Test Methods forElectrical Wires and Cables32.3 IEC Standards:IEC 60695-4 Fire Hazard Testing. Part 4: Terminology Concerning Fire Tests4IEC 60695-5-2 Fire Hazard Testing. Part 5: Assessment of Potential Corrosion Damage by Fire Effluent - Section 2: Guidanceon the Selection and U

18、se of Test Methods42.4 IEEE Standard:IEEE 1202 Standard for Flame Testing of Cables for Use in Cable Tray in Industrial and Commercial Occupancies, IEEEStandard 120252.5 ISO Standards:ISO 13943 Fire Safety: Vocabulary6ISO 11907-4 PlasticsSmoke GenerationDetermination of the Corrosivity of Fire Efflu

19、entsPart 4: Dynamic Decomposi-tion Method Using a Conical Radiant Heater62.6 NFPA Standard:Standards:7NFPA 262 Standard Method of Test for Flame Travel and Smoke of Wires and Cables for Use in Air-Handling SpacesNFPA 287 Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Flammability of Materials in Cleanroom

20、s Using a Fire PropagationApparatus (FPA)2.7 OSHA Standard:OSHA 191.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories82.8 UL Standards:ANSI/UL 1581 Reference Standard for Electrical Wires, Cables, and Flexible Cords9ANSI/UL1666 Standard Test for Flame Propagation Height of Electrical

21、 and Optical-Fiber Cables Installed Vertically in Shafts9ANSI/UL 1685 Standard Vertical Tray Fire Propagation and Smoke Release Test for Electrical and Optical Fiber Cables93. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method and associated with fire issues use Termi

22、nology E176, ISO 13943 andIEC 60695-4. Where differences exist in definitions, those contained in Terminology E176 shall be used. Use Terminology D1711for definitions of terms used in this test method and associated with electrical insulation materials.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Stand

23、ard:3.2.1 cone calorimeter, nthe apparatus which is used in Test Method E1354 to determine heat release rate, by the principleof oxygen consumption calorimetry, and other fire-test-response characteristics.3.2.2 effective heat of combustion, nthe ratio of the measured heat release to the mass loss,

24、under specified test conditions.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe effective heat of combustion is a function of the test conditions, including heating flux, exposure time and test specimengeometry.3.2.3 heat release rate, nthe calorific energy released per unit time by the combustion of a material under specifi

25、ed testconditions.3.2.4 heating flux, nthe prescribed incident power per unit area of test specimen, the power being imposed externally fromthe heater onto the test specimen at the initiation of the test.3.2.4.1 DiscussionThe test specimen, once ignited, is also heated by its own flame.3 Available f

26、rom Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 5060 Spectrum Way, Mississauga, ON L4W 5N6, Canada, http:/www.csa.ca.4 Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue de Varemb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.5 Available from Institute of Electric

27、al and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE), 445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http:/www.ieee.org.6 Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.ch.7 Available from N

28、ational Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.8 Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http:/www.osha.gov.9 Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 P

29、fingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.D6113 1623.2.5 ignitability, nthe measure of the ease with which a specimen can be ignited due to the influence of an external energysource, under specified test conditions.3.2.6 net heat of combustion, nthe quantity of heat released by the complete co

30、mbustion of a unit mass of the material, thewater produced being in the vapor state.3.2.7 orientation, nthe plane in which the exposed face of the test specimen is located during testing, which is horizontalfacing up for this test.3.2.8 oxygen consumption principle, nthe expression of the relationsh

31、ip between the mass of oxygen consumed duringcombustion and the heat released.3.2.9 smoke obscuration, nthe reduction in visibility due to the smoke.3.2.10 specific extinction area, na measure of smoke obscuration potential per unit mass lost, determined as the product ofthe extinction coefficient a

32、nd the volumetric mass flow rate, divided by the mass loss rate.3.2.11 sustained flaming, nexistence of flame on or over the surface of the test specimen for periods of 4 s or more.3.2.11.1 DiscussionFlaming of less than 4 s duration is identified as flashing or transitory flaming.3.2.12 total heat

33、released, nintegrated value of the rate of heat release, for a specified time period.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 All fire-test-response characteristics in this test method are determined using the apparatus and procedures described in TestMethod E1354. See also 99 and 10 and 10.4.2 The oxygen consu

34、mption principle, used in this test method, is based on the observation that, generally, the net heat ofcombustion is directly related to the amount of oxygen required for combustion (1).10 Approximately 13.1 MJ of heat are releasedper 1 kg of oxygen consumed. Test specimens in this test method are

35、burned in ambient air conditions, while being subjected toa prescribed external heating flux. (See also X5.1).4.3 The heat release is determined by the measurement of the oxygen consumption, as determined by the oxygen concentrationand the flow rate in the combustion product stream, as described in

36、Test Method E1354.4.4 The primary measurements are oxygen concentration and exhaust gas flow rate. Additional measurements include the timeto sustained flaming, the smoke obscuration generated, the mass loss rate, and the effective heat of combustion. Ignitability isdetermined by measuring the time

37、from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming of the test specimen.4.5 A cone calorimeter is used to measure the consumption of oxygen during this test; heat release is then calculated, based onthe oxygen consumption principle. The test specimen is mounted horizontally and a spark ignition sour

38、ce is employed.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used to determine the heat release rate and a number of other fire-test-response characteristics as a resultof exposing insulating materials contained in electrical or optical cables to a prescribed heating flux in the cone calorimeterapp

39、aratus.5.2 Quantitative heat release measurements provide information that is potentially useful for design of electrical or opticalcables, and product development.5.3 Heat release measurements provide useful information for product development by giving a quantitative measure of specificchanges in

40、fire performance caused by component and composite modifications. Heat release data from this test method will notbe predictive of product behavior if the product will not spread flame over its surface under the fire exposure conditions of interest.5.4 The fire-test-response characteristics determin

41、ed by this test method are affected by the thickness of the material used as testspecimen, whether as a plaque or as coating on a wire or cable. The diameter of the wire or cable used will also affect the testresults.5.5 A radiant exposure is used as an energy source for this test method. This type

42、of source has been used for comparison withheat release rate and flame spread studies of insulating materials constructed into cables when burning in a vertical cable trayconfiguration (Test Methods D5424 and D5537) (2-9). No definitive relationships have been established.5.6 The value of heat relea

43、se rate corresponding to the critical limit between propagating cable fires and non-propagating firesis not known.10 The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this test method.D6113 1635.7 This test method does not determine the net heat of combustion.5.8

44、It has not been demonstrated that this test method is capable of predicting the response of electrical or optical fiber cablesin a full scale fire. In particular, this test method does not address the self-extinguishing characteristics of the cables in a full scalefire.6. Test Limitations6.1 If duri

45、ng the test of one or more of the three replicate test specimens, any of the following unusual behavior occurs: moltenmaterial overflows the specimen holder trough; a test specimen is displaced from the zone of controlled irradiance (explosivespalling); or the test specimen swells sufficiently prior

46、 to ignition to touch the spark plug or swells up to the plane of the heaterbase during combustion; then test an additional specimen of the identical preconditioned test specimens in the test mode in whichthe unusual behavior occurred. Do not incorporate data obtained from the tests noted above, yie

47、lding inadequate results, in theaveraged data but report the occurrence. This test method is not suitable if more than three out of six test specimens tested showany of the above characteristics.6.2 The applicability of this test method to smoldering ignition of cables has not been demonstrated. Thi

48、s test method is notsuitable for incident heat fluxes below 10 kW/m2.6.3 The validity of the results of this test method for a particular scenario depends on the conditions under which the tests areconducted. In particular, it has been established that the use of a different heating flux will change

49、 relative results.7. Safety Precautions7.1 The test procedures involve high temperatures and combustion processes. Hazards therefore exist for burns, ignition ofextraneous objects or clothing, and inhalation of combustion products. The operator must take appropriate precautions during theinsertion and removal of the test specimens, for example, by using protective gloves. Do not touch either the cone heater or theassociated fixtures while hot, except with the use of appropriate protective gear.7.2 Vent the combustion products flowing through