ASTM D6078-2004(2010) 2500 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the Scuffing Load Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (SLBOCLE)《通过磨损负载圆柱体式润滑性评定仪(SLBOCL.pdf

《ASTM D6078-2004(2010) 2500 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the Scuffing Load Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (SLBOCLE)《通过磨损负载圆柱体式润滑性评定仪(SLBOCL.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ASTM D6078-2004(2010) 2500 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the Scuffing Load Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (SLBOCLE)《通过磨损负载圆柱体式润滑性评定仪(SLBOCL.pdf（9页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、Designation: D6078 04 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forEvaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the Scuffing LoadBall-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (SLBOCLE)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6078; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforig

2、inal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the lubricity(load ca

3、rrying ability) of diesel fuels using a scuffing loadball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (SLBOCLE).1.2 This test method is applicable to middle distillate fuels,such as Grades Low Sulfur No. 1 D, Low Sulfur No. 2 D, No.1 D, and No. 2 D diesel fuels, in accordance with SpecificationD975; and other s

4、imilar petroleum-based fuels which can beused in diesel engines.NOTE 1It is not known that this test method will predict theperformance of all additive/fuel combinations. Additional work is under-way to further establish this correlation and future revisions of thestandard may be necessary once this

5、 work is complete.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard

6、 to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warningstatements are given in Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Pe

7、troleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace ContaminationD5001 Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Avia-tion Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder LubricityE

8、valuator (BOCLE)D6079 Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of DieselFuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)2.2 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard:3AISI E-52100 Chromium Alloy Steel2.3 American National Standards Institute Standard:4ANSI B3.12, Metal Balls2.4 Society of Automotiv

9、e Engineers Standard:5SAE 8720 Steel3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 applied load, nthe weight in grams added to theload arm of the SLBOCLE unit.3.1.2 boundary lubrication, na condition in which thefriction and wear between two surfaces in relative motion aredet

10、ermined by the properties of the surfaces and the propertiesof the contacting fluid, other than bulk viscosity.3.1.2.1 DiscussionMetal-to-metal contact occurs and thechemistry of the system is involved. Physically adsorbed orchemically reacted soft films (usually very thin) supportcontact loads. As

11、a result some wear is inevitable.3.1.3 contact load, nthe force in grams with which theball contacts the test ring.3.1.3.1 DiscussionFor the SLBOCLE cantilever systemthe contact load is two times the applied load.3.1.4 friction coeffcient, n tangential friction force di-vided by the contact load.3.1

12、.5 friction trace, na recorded trace of the tangentialfriction force in grams.3.1.6 lubricity, na qualitative term describing the abilityof a fluid to affect friction between, and wear to, surfaces inrelative motion under load.3.1.6.1 DiscussionIn this test method the lubricity of afluid is evaluate

13、d by the minimum applied load in grams that,at any time during the test, will produce a friction coefficient1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.E0.02 on Diesel Fuel Oils.Current edit

14、ion approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D607804. DOI:10.1520/D6078-04R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM

15、Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut Ave., Suite 705,Washington, DC 20036.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5A

16、vailable from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Ave.,Warrendale, PA 15096.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.greater than 0.175 between a stationary ball and a fluid-wettedrotating ring operating under de

17、fined conditions.3.1.7 scuffng, nin lubrication, damage caused by instan-taneous localized welding between surfaces in relative motionwhich does not result in immobilization of the parts.3.1.8 scuffng load, nthe load required to produce scuffingof surfaces.3.1.8.1 DiscussionFor this test method the

18、scuffing load isdefined in terms of the applied load.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A 50-mL test specimen of fuel is placed in the testreservoir of an SLBOCLE and adjusted to the test temperatureof 25C.4.2 When the fuel temperature has stabilized, 50 % relativehumidity air is used to aerate the fuel a

19、t 0.5 L/min while 3.3L/min flows over the fuel for 15 min. During the remainder ofthe test sequence, the 50 % relative humidity air flows over thefuel at a rate of 3.8 L/min.4.3 A load arm holding a non-rotating steel ball and loadedwith a 500 g mass is lowered until it contacts a partially fuelimme

20、rsed polished steel test ring rotating at 525 rpm. The ballis caused to rub against the test ring for a 30-s break in periodbefore beginning an incremental-load or a single-load test.4.4 Wear tests are conducted by maintaining the ball incontact with the partially immersed 525- rpm test ring for 60

21、s.For incremental load tests, the test ring is moved at least 0.75mm for each new load prior to bringing a new ball into contactwith the test ring.4.5 The tangential friction force is recorded while the ball isin contact with the test ring. The friction coefficient iscalculated from the tangential f

22、riction force.4.6 In the incremental-load test, the minimum applied loadrequired to produce a friction coefficient greater than 0.175 isan evaluation of the lubricating properties of the diesel fuel.4.7 In the single-load test, a friction coefficient less than orequal to 0.175 indicated the diesel f

23、uel passes the lubricityevaluation, while a friction coefficient greater than 0.175indicated the diesel fuel fails the lubricity evaluation.5. Significance and Use5.1 Diesel fuel injection equipment has some reliance onlubricating properties of the diesel fuel. Shortened life ofengine components, su

24、ch as diesel fuel injection pumps andinjectors, has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in adiesel fuel.5.2 The trend of SLBOCLE test results to diesel injectionsystem pump component distress due to wear has beendemonstrated in pump rig tests for some fuel/hardware com-binations where bound

25、ary lubrication is believed to be a factorin the operation of the component.65.3 The tangential friction force, as measured in the SLB-OCLE test, is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and testmaterials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere,and the temperature of the test. Lubrici

26、ty evaluations are alsosensitive to trace contaminants acquired during test fuelsampling and storage.5.4 The SLBOCLE and High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig(HFRR, Test Method D6079) are two methods for evaluatingdiesel fuel lubricity. No absolute correlation has been devel-oped between the two test met

27、hods.5.5 The SLBOCLE may be used to evaluate the relativeeffectiveness of diesel fuels for preventing wear under theprescribed test conditions. If a standard SLBOCLE rating hasbeen set, then the single-load test provides a more rapidevaluation than the incremental load test. Correlation ofSLBOCLE te

28、st results with field performance of diesel fuelinjection systems has not yet been determined.5.6 This test method is designed to evaluate boundarylubrication properties. While viscosity effects on lubricity inthis test method are not totally eliminated, they are minimized.6. Apparatus6.1 Scuffng Lo

29、ad Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator(SLBOCLE):6.1.1 The SLBOCLE consists of a fluid reservoir in which acylinder rotates, a load arm to which a ball is attached, and ahanger to hang a load on the load arm. The SLBOCLE7,8illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is identical to the ball-on-cylinder lubrici

30、ty evaluator (BOCLE) specified in Test MethodD5001, except for the modifications in 6.1.2 through 6.1.4.Complete operating conditions are listed in Table 1.6.1.2 If a standard BOCLE machine is modified, a load cellis included to accurately measure tangential friction force withoutput to a recording

31、device.8,96Nikanjam, M., Crosby, T., Henderson, P, Gray, C., Meyer, K., and Davenport,N., “ISO Diesel Fuel Lubricity Round Robin Program,” SAE Paper No. 952372,SAE Fuels and Lubricants Meeting, October 1619, 1995, Toronto, Canada.7SLBOCLE units, BOC-2000, available from InterAv, P.O. Box 792228, San

32、Antonio, TX 78279, have been found satisfactory.8The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis provided. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this informationto ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of

33、the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.9Catalog No. BOC-2040-FFC, available from InterAv, Inc., P.O. Box 792228,San Antonio, TX 78279, has been found satisfactory.FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of the Scuffing Load Ball-on-CylinderLubricity Evaluator (not including instrumentation)D6078

34、 04 (2010)26.1.3 If a standard BOCLE machine is modified, a rede-signed reservoir cover or splash guards is necessary to preventloss of fluid from the joint between the reservoir cover andreservoir.8 ,106.1.4 If standard BOCLE machine is modified, a heavy-dutypneumatic piston is required to facilita

35、te the increased loadsrequired in the SLBOCLE test.8,116.1.5 Cylinder, the polished test ring and mandrel assembly.See Fig. 2.6.1.6 Mandrel, a 10 tapered short cylindrical section usedfor holding test ring.8 ,12See Fig. 2.6.2 Constant Temperature Bath Circulator, capable ofmaintaining the fluid samp

36、le at 25 6 1C when circulatingcoolant through the base of the sample reservoir.6.3 Cleaning Bath, ultrasonic seamless stainless steel tankwith adequate capacity and a cleaning power of 40 W orgreater.6.4 One of the containers specified under Containers forLubricity Testing in Practice D4306 shall be

37、 used to store andtransport fuel samples.6.5 Desiccator, containing a non-indicating drying agent,capable of storing test rings, balls, and hardware.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Acetone, minimum reagent grade purity. (WarningExtremely flammable. Vapors may cause flash fire.)7.2 Compressed Air, conta

38、ining less than 0.1 ppmv hydro-carbons and 50 ppmv water. (WarningCompressed gasunder high pressure. Use with extreme caution in the presenceof combustible material.)7.3 Gloves, clean, lint-free, cotton, disposable.7.4 Isooctane, minimum reagent grade purity, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. (WarningExtremel

39、y flammable. Harmfulif inhaled. Vapors may cause flash fires.)7.5 Isopropyl Alcohol, minimum reagent grade purity.(WarningFlammable.)7.6 Reference Fluids:7.6.1 Fluid AHigh lubricity reference.13(WarningFlammable.) Store in clean, borosilicate glass with an alumi-num foil-lined insert cap. Store in a

40、 dark area.7.6.2 Fluid BLow lubricity reference.13(WarningFlammable. Vapor harmful.)7.7 Test Ball, chrome alloy steel, made from AISI standardsteel No. E-52100, with a diameter of 12.7 mm, Grade 5 to 10EP finish. The balls are described inANSI Specification B3.12.The extra-polish finish is not descr

41、ibed in that specification.The Rockwell hardness “C” scale (HRC) shall be 64 to 66, acloser limit than found in the ANSI requirement.8,147.8 Test Ring, of SAE 8720 steel, having HRC number of 58to 62 and a surface roughness between 0.04 and 0.15 m afterpolishing as described in A1.1.8,15The dimensio

42、ns are given inFig. 3.7.9 Wiper, wiping tissue, light-duty, lint-free, hydrocarbon-free, disposable.8,168. Sampling and Sample Containers8.1 Unless otherwise specified, samples shall be taken bythe procedure described in Practice D4057 or Practice D4177.8.2 Because of the sensitivity of lubricity me

43、asurements totrace materials, sample containers shall be only fully epoxy-lined metal, amber borosilicate glass, or polytetrafluorethylene(PTFE), cleaned and rinsed thoroughly at least three times withthe product to be sampled before use, as specified underContainers for Lubricity Testing in Practic

44、e D4306.10Catalog No. BOC-217-A, available from InterAv, Inc., P.O. Box 792228, SanAntonio, TX 78279, has been found satisfactory.11Catalog No. BOC-215-15, available from InterAv, Inc., P.O. Box 792228, SanAntonio, TX 78279, has been found satisfactory.12Mandrel, Part No. M-O, available from Falex C

45、orp., or P/N BOC-2101,available from InterAv, Inc., P.O. Box 792228, San Antonio, TX 78279, have beenfound satisfactory.13Reference fluidsAand B are available fromASTM Test Monitoring Ctr., 6555Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 150264489.14Test Balls, SKF Swedish, Part No. 310995A, RB 12.7, grade 5 to 10 EP

46、Finish,AISI 52100 Alloy available from SKF Industries, Component Systems, 1690 EastRace St., Allentown, PA 90653, when requested with extra polish finish, have beenfound satisfactory.15Test Rings, Part No. TRXP-6 available from U.S. Army TARDEC Fuels andLubricants Research Facility, P.O. Drawer 2851

47、0, San Antonio, TX 782280510have been found satisfactory. These rings are Part No. F25061 from Falex Corp.,1020 Airpark Dr., Sugar Grove, IL 605549585, polished to the required surfacefinish by the method in Annex A3. Correct surface finish is central to test accuracy.16Blue Wipe, Catalog No. C6415-

48、31 available from Baxter Healthcare Corp.,210 Great Southwest Pkwy, Grand Prairie, TX 75050, has been found satisfactory.FIG. 2 Ring and Mandrel Assembly (Cylinder)TABLE 1 Test ConditionsParameter ValueFluid volume 50 6 1.0 mLFluid temperature 25 6 1CConditioned airA50 6 1 % relative humidity at 25

49、6 1CFluid pretreatment: 0.50 L/ min air flowing through and 3.3 L/min air flowingover the fluid for 15 minFluid test conditions: 3.8 L/min air flowing over the fluidCylinder rotational speed 525 6 1rpmApplied LoadBreak-in period 500 gIncremental-load test 500 to 5 000 gSingle-load test user definedBTest DurationBreak-in period 30 sWear tests 60 sAFifty percent humidity should be achieved using equal volumes of dry andsaturated air. The SLBOCLE has a water column through which air passes and itis assumed to be saturated when it exits this column.BThe