ASTM D5771-2012 3750 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)《石油产品浊点的标准试验方法(光学探测分级冷却法)》.pdf
《ASTM D5771-2012 3750 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)《石油产品浊点的标准试验方法(光学探测分级冷却法)》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D5771-2012 3750 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)《石油产品浊点的标准试验方法(光学探测分级冷却法)》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D5771 12Designation: 444/99Standard Test Method forCloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical DetectionStepped Cooling Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5771; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point o
3、fpetroleum products Test Method D2500/IP 219 using an automatic apparatus. The temperature resultsfrom this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP 219. Whenspecification requires Test Method D2500/IP 219, do not substitute this test method or any othermethod without obt
4、aining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the description of the determi-nation of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodieselfuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, by anautomatic instrument using an optical device.1.2 Thi
5、s test method covers the range of temperaturesfrom 60 to +49C with temperature resolution of 0.1C,however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered thetemperature range of 56 to +34C.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded assta
6、ndard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the app
7、lica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6708 Prac
8、tice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvementof Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods thatPurport to Measure the Same Property of a Material2.2 Energy Institute Standard:3IP 219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products32.3 Other Standard:4IEC 751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermo
9、meter Sen-sors3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 biodiesel, nfuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters oflong chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animalfats, designated B 100.3.1.1.1 DiscussionBiodiesel is typically produced by areaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
10、methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yieldmono-esters and glycerin. The fuel typically may contain up to14 different types of fatty acids that are chemically transformedinto fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).3.1.2 biodiesel blend, na blend of biodiesel fuel withpetroleum-based diesel f
11、uel designated BXX, where XX is thevolume % of biodiesel.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published August 2012. Ori
12、ginallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D577110. DOI:10.1520/D5771-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docum
13、ent Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,U.K., http:/www.energyinst.org.uk.4Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.1*A Summa
14、ry of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.3 cloud point, nin petroleum products and biodieselfuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallestobservable c
15、luster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs uponcooling under prescribed conditions.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe cloud point occurs when the tem-perature of the specimen is low enough to cause hydrocarboncrystals to precipitate. In a homogeneous liquid, the cloud isalways noted first at the location in the
16、 specimen where thespecimen temperature is the lowest. The cloud point is thetemperature at which the crystals first occur, regardless of theirlocation in the specimen, and not after extensive crystallizationhas taken place. The hydrocarbon crystals that precipitate atlower temperatures are typicall
17、y, but not excluded to, straightchain hydrocarbons commonly called “wax crystals.”3.1.3.2 DiscussionThe purpose of the cloud point methodis to detect the presence of the wax crystals in the specimen;however, trace amounts of water and inorganic compoundsmay be present. The intent of the cloud point
18、method is tocapture the temperature at which the liquids in the specimenbegin to change from a single liquid phase to a two-phasesystem containing solid and liquid. It is not the intent of thistest method to monitor the phase transition of the tracecomponents, such as water.3.2 Definitions of Terms
19、Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 automatic cloud point, nthe temperature of a speci-men when the appearance of the cloud is determined under theconditions of this test method.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe cloud point in this test method isdetermined by an automatic instrument using an optical devicefor detec
20、tion of the crystal formation. The apparatus and theconditions are different from those established for Test MethodD2500, although, according to interlaboratory examination theresults have been determined to be equivalent to Test MethodD2500.3.2.2 optical detection stepped cooling method, nin cloudp
21、oint test methods, test procedure using prescribed coolingrate, specimen receptacle, and optical system for detection ofcrystal formation.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe prescribed cooling rate is de-scribed in 4.1; the specimen receptacle is described in Section6, and the optical system for the detection of
22、crystal formationis described in Section 6.3.2.3 D2500/IP 219 equivalent cloud point, nthe tempera-ture of a specimen, in integers, calculated by rounding theresults of this test method to the next lower integer.3.2.3.1 DiscussionThis test method produces results with0.1C resolution. Should the user
23、 wish to provide results witha similar format to Test Method D2500, then this calculationcan be performed. Some apparatus can perform this calculationautomatically.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 After insertion of the prescribed test jar (6.3) containingthe specimen into the apparatus, and the initiat
24、ion of theprogram, the specimen is cooled incrementally according to thecooling profile listed in Table 1. The specimen is continuouslymonitored by a reflective optical system (6.1 and Fig. 1) for theformation of a crystalline structure. When the crystallization ofTABLE 1 Jacket and Specimen Cooling
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