ASTM D4594-1996(2003) Standard Test Method for Effects of Temperature on Stability of Geotextiles《温度对土工织物稳定性影响的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 4594 96 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Test Method forEffects of Temperature on Stability of Geotextiles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method provides a procedure for determiningthe effects of climatic temperature on the tensile strength
3、andelongation properties of geotextiles.1.2 The effect of temperature on the stability of geotextilesis reported as the change in tensile strength and elongationbetween tests performed as directed in Test Method D 5035, inthe standard atmosphere for testing textiles, and tests per-formed under condi
4、tions at which the geotextile is expected toperform in the field.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the appl
5、ica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 7.1.1-7.1.3.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values stated in inch-pound units are providedfor information only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for
6、 Tex-tiles2D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles2D 461 Test Methods for Felt2D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing2D 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing3D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics3D 5035 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongationof Textile Fabrics
7、 (Strip Method)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geotextiles, nair maintainedat relative humidity of 50 to 70 % and at a temperature of 216 2C (70 6 4F).3.1.2 temperature stability, nfor a geotextile, the percentchange in tensile strength or in percent elongation as measure
8、dat a specified temperature and compared to values obtained atthe standard conditions for testing geotextiles.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,refer to Terminology D 123 and Terminology D 4439.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Specimens of a geotextile are conditioned at select
9、edtemperatures in an environmental chamber attached to a tensiletesting machine. While maintaining these temperatures, 2 in.cut or ravel strip tensile tests are performed as directed in TestMethod D 5035. The same tests are conducted as control underthe standard laboratory test conditions. Tensile s
10、trength andpercent elongation properties obtained at various test tempera-tures are recorded. Changes in strength characteristics due tothe effects of temperature are determined.4.2 The temperatures used for conditioning and testing thegeotextiles are the temperatures at which the geotextile willper
11、form or are typically exposed to in the field.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used for evaluating the relativeeffects of temperature on geotextiles manufactured from dif-ferent polymers, by a different manufacturing process, or both.5.2 During shipping and storage, the geotextile may
12、beexposed to abnormal temperatures. The fabric could be testedat these temperatures to determine the detrimental effects ofthese conditions on the strength properties.5.3 This test method may also be used to evaluate the cycliceffects of temperature (freeze-thaw), that is, samples can beconditioned
13、to below normal temperatures (below freezing)and then to above normal temperatures (elevated temperatures)for a given number of cycles. Strength characteristics can bedetermined after these cyclic exposures.5.4 Most nonwoven, woven, and composite fabric can betested by this method. Modification of t
14、he techniques is likelyto be necessary for any fabric having a strength in excess of179 kg/cm (1000 lb/in.) width. This test method is notrecommended for knitted fabrics.5.5 This test method is an index test method and is notrecommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments,since informatio
15、n on between laboratory precision has not beenestablished. In some cases the purchaser and seller may have to1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endur-ance Properties.Current edition approved Jul
16、y 10, 1996. Published November 1996. Originallypublished as D 4594 86. Last previous edition D 4594 95.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
17、 Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.test a commercial shipment of one or more geotextiles by thebest available method, even though the method has not beenrecommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments.A comparative test performed as directed in 5.5.1 may beadvisable.5.5.1 In case
18、 of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using Test Method D 4594 foracceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser andthe supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine ifthere is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competentstatistical assis
19、tance is recommended for the investigation ofbias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of testspecimens that are as homogenous as possible and that arefrom a lot of material of the type in question. The testspecimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbersto each laboratory f
20、or testing. The average results from the twolaboratories should be compared using Students t-test forunpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by thetwo parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, eitherits cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and thesupplie
21、r must agree to interpret future test results in the light ofthe known bias.6. Apparatus6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, of the constant rate-of-extension (CRE) or constant rate-of-traverse type with auto-matic recorder conforming to the requirement of SpecificationD 76.6.2 Environmental Chamber, capabl
22、e of maintaining a tem-perature range from 40 to + 100C (40 to + 212F) andequipped with temperature regulation capable of maintainingthe test temperature within 62C (64F) inside the chamber.6.3 Various Tubing and Fittings, to hook up the gas to theenvironmental chamber.6.4 Thermometer, capable of me
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