ASTM D4044 D4044M-2015 Standard Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug) Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers《测量含水层液压性能用顶部瞬时变化 (导.pdf
《ASTM D4044 D4044M-2015 Standard Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug) Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers《测量含水层液压性能用顶部瞬时变化 (导.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4044 D4044M-2015 Standard Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug) Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers《测量含水层液压性能用顶部瞬时变化 (导.pdf(4页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D4044/D4044M 15Standard Test Method for(Field Procedure) for Instantaneous Change in Head (Slug)Tests for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4044/D4044M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of
2、original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the field procedure for perform-in
3、g an in situ instantaneous change in head (slug) test.1.2 This test method is used in conjunction with an analyti-cal procedure such as Test Method D4104 to data analysis andto determine aquifer properties.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in either SI Units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separatel
4、y as standard. Thevalues in each system may not be exact equivalents; thereforeeach system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-ing values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results inunits other than SI shall not be regarded as noncon
5、formancewith this test method.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as theindustry standar
6、d. In addition, they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-dures used do not consider material variation, purpose forobtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-ations for the users objectives; and it is common practice toincrease o
7、r reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scopeof these test methods to consider significant digits used inanalysis methods for engineering data.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associate
8、d with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD3
9、740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method inDetermining Hydraulic Properties by Well TechniquesD4104 Test Method (Analytical Procedure) for Dete
10、rminingTransmissivity of Nonleaky Confined Aquifers by Over-damped Well Response to Instantaneous Change in Head(Slug Tests)D5785 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) for Deter-mining Transmissivity of Confined Nonleaky Aquifers byUnderdamped Well Response to Instantaneous Change inHead (Slug Test
11、)D5881 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) DeterminingTransmissivity of Confined Nonleaky Aquifers by Criti-cally Damped Well Response to Instantaneous Change inHead (Slug)D5912 Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) DeterminingHydraulic Conductivity of an Unconfined Aquifer byOverdamped Well Res
12、ponse to Instantaneous Change inHead (Slug) (Withdrawn 2013)3D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalData3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in thisstandard, refer to Terminology D653.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method desc
13、ribes the field procedures involvedin conducting an instantaneous head (slug) test. The slug test1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition appro
14、ved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4044 96 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D4044_D4044M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of
15、 ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
16、 PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1method involves causing a sudden change in head in a controlwell and measuring the water level response within that controlwell. Head change may be induced by suddenly injecting orremoving a known quantity or “slug” of water into the well
17、,rapid removal of a mechanical “slug” from below the waterlevel, increasing or decreasing the air pressure in the wellcasing, or emplacement of a mechanical slug into the watercolumn.4.2 The water-level response in the well is a function of themass of water in the well and the transmissivity and coe
18、fficientof storage of the aquifer. One method of analysis of the datafrom this field practice is described in Test Method D4104.5. Significance and Use5.1 This slug test field procedure is used in conjunction witha slug test analytical procedure, such as Test Method D4104 toprovide quick and relativ
19、ely inexpensive estimates of transmis-sivity.5.2 The slug test provides an advantage over pumping testsin that it does not require the disposal of the large quantities ofwater that may be produced. This is of special importancewhen testing a potentially contaminated aquifer. However, slugtests refle
20、ct conditions near the well, therefore are influencedby near-well conditions, such as gravel pack, poor welldevelopment, and skin effects, as a result, slug test resultsshould be viewed as semi-quantitative in comparison to pump-ing test results.5.3 Slug tests may be made in aquifer materials of low
21、erhydraulic conductivity than generally considered suitable forhydraulic testing with pumping tests.5.4 The method of data analysis (analytical procedure)should be known prior to the field testing to ensure that allappropriate dimensions and measurements are properly re-corded. Selection of the anal
22、ytical procedure can be aided byusing Guide D4043, Test Method D5785, Test Method D5881,and Test Method D5912.NOTE 1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and thesuitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that
23、 meet thecriteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assurereliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740pr
24、ovides a means of evaluating some of those factors.6. Apparatus6.1 Slug-Inducing EquipmentThis test method describesthe types of equipment that can be used. Because of the infinitevariety of testing conditions and because similar results can beachieved with different apparatus, engineering specifica
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