ASTM D3767-2003(2014) Standard Practice for RubberMeasurement of Dimensions《测量橡胶尺寸的标准实践规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: D3767 03 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Practice forRubberMeasurement of Dimensions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3767; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice is intended for use in determining the

3、geometrical dimensions of rubber products and specimens forphysical tests. This practice describes procedures for determin-ing length, width, thickness, diameter, and circumference. Thispractice does not cover sampling of materials or products, orlocations where a sample is to be taken.1.2 The value

4、s stated in either acceptable metric units or inother units shall be regarded separately as a standard. Thevalues stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system must be used independently of the other,without combining values in any other way.1.3 This standard does not pur

5、port to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility or regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1

6、415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternationalHardnessD3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from Products3. Summary of Practice3.1 Specific procedures are outlined depending upon size,texture, and shape of the test specimens undergoing measure-ment.3.1.1 Procedure A encom

7、passes linear dimensions up to 30mm using a flat-footed micrometer on flat sheets and testspecimens.3.1.2 Procedure A1 encompasses thickness dimensions upto 30 mm using a micrometer with contact members that aredomed surfaces. This procedure is employed on irregularlyshaped test specimens and compre

8、ssion set test specimens.3.1.3 Procedure A2 encompasses thickness measurementsof flexible cellular test specimens up to 30 mm using amicrometer with large area flat contact members.3.1.4 Procedure B encompasses linear dimensions between30 and 100 mm using a vernier caliper.3.1.5 Procedure C encompas

9、ses linear dimensions above100 mm using a tape or linear scale.3.1.6 Procedure D encompasses thickness measurements onsoft thin materials using a microscope.3.1.7 Procedure E encompasses circumference measure-ments by cone.4. Significance and Use4.1 Dimensional measurements specified in this practic

10、e aremade for one of the following purposes: (1) to determineconformance with specification requirements regarding geo-metrical properties of whole units, such as the size of rubbergloves, or the diameter and circumference of rubber hose, (2)to determine conformance with specification requirementsre

11、garding particular functional parts of units, such as thethickness of the soles of boots, or (3) to determine geometricalvalues that are necessary in the calculation of test results forphysical properties for which requirements are specified, suchas the thickness of a test specimen for tensile stren

12、gth. Themethod to be used shall be as specified in the detail specifica-tion or appropriate test method.4.2 Pressure applied by measuring instruments has a signifi-cant effect on the observed thickness of soft flexible materials,and it is therefore necessary to specify the pressure imposed bythe foo

13、t of the instrument on the test piece for accuratecomparative measurements of such materials.5. Test Specimens5.1 Test specimens shall consist of a product, in whole or inpart, for which the geometric dimensions are sought, asdescribed in a detail specification or test method. Material, asreferenced

14、 herein, shall be interpreted as the substance(s) ofwhich a product is comprised.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D11 on Rubber andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.10 on Physical Testing.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Original

15、lyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3767 03 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D3767-03R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards

16、 Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Number of Measurements6.1 Unless otherwise specified in the detail specification ortest method, three measurements shall be made on each test

17、specimen or product and the median value taken.7. Buffing7.1 If the test specimen has uneven surfaces, such as fabricimpression or corrugations, that may interfere with the test, forexample, on the tube or cover of hose, the material may bebuffed lightly so that the surface is smooth and of uniformt

18、hickness. Buffing shall be performed in accordance with thesections on Buffing Techniques, Abrasive Wheels, and Abra-sive Flexible Bands in Practice D3183.8. Conditioning8.1 Unless otherwise specified in the detail specifications ortest method, geometrical measurements shall be made afterconditionin

19、g test specimens for 24 h at 23 6 5C (73.4 6 9F).If Procedure D (see Section 12) is used, the relative humidityof 50 6 5 % at 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) should be maintained.PROCEDURES9. Procedures A, A1, and A2 (Dimensions of 30 mm orLess)9.1 Procedure A:9.1.1 ScopeDimensions of length, width, thickness

20、, anddiameters of test specimens less than 30 mm (1.2 in.) shall bemeasured with a micrometer instrument.9.1.2 ApparatusThe apparatus shall consist of the follow-ing parts (an example of suitable apparatus is shown in Fig. 1and Fig. 2):9.1.2.1 Anvil, at least 35 mm (1.4 in.) in diameter, that isatta

21、ched to a rigid base plate.NoteProcedure: Lift the yoke to the raised position and place the specimen between the base plate and circular presser foot. Lower the presser foot and yoke untilthe rod is resting freely on the test specimen, but with the dial-gage stem still supported. Lock the clamp and

22、 then lower the yoke fully. Read the micrometer.FIG. 1 Example of a Suitable Measuring Apparatus for Procedure AD3767 03 (2014)2(1) Flat Rigid Base Plate, at least 140 mm (5.5 in.) indiameter, that is attached to a rigid frame.(2) Solid Platform Base (see Fig. 2), granite, at least 5 by 5in. square

23、and 1.75 in. in height. The top surface is ground flatand perpendicular to the guide post and micrometer assembly,at the operating height, to a tolerance of 60.002 in.9.1.2.2 Micrometer (such as a dial or digital-electronic),capable of measuring dimensions to an accuracy within 1 % ofthe dimension b

24、eing measured or 0.001 mm, whichever isgreater.9.1.2.3 Rigid Rod:(1) terminating in its lower end in a flat circular foot 3 to 10mm (0.12 to 0.39 in.) in diameter (see Fig. 1). The rod designshall allow various masses to be attached in order to give theoperator the capability of varying the pressure

25、 exerted on thetest specimen, by the presser foot, from 10 to 22 kPa (1.55 to3.2 psi) (refer to Table 1).(2) terminating in its upper and lower ends in a threadedorifice. The lower orifice will accommodate the connection ofa flat circular foot 3 to 10 mm (0.12 to 0.39 in.) in diameter.The upper orif

26、ice will accommodate the attachment of a masscorresponding to the presser foot attached (refer to Table 1 andFig. 2) in order to give the operator the capability of varyingthe pressure exerted on the test specimen by the presser footfrom 10 to 22 kPa (1.55 to 3.2 psi) (refer to Table 1).9.1.3 Proced

27、ure A:9.1.3.1 When using an instrument equivalent to the oneshown in Fig. 1:Place the test specimen between the base plate and the circularpresser foot. Lower the presser foot until it is resting freely onthe test specimen.Read the micrometer to an accuracy within 1 % of thedimension being measured.

28、Repeat the procedure again with the test specimen removed,and the difference between readings is the dimension of the testspecimen.The pressure exerted by the presser foot shall be:22 6 5 kPa (3.2 6 0.7 psi) (refer to Table 1) for solid rubberNoteProcedure: Lower the contact foot so it is resting fr

29、eely on the platform. Reset the micrometer to zero. Return the contact foot to a raised position. Place the testspecimen on the platform. Lower the contact foot, gently, until it contacts the test specimen. Read the micrometer.FIG. 2 Example of a Suitable Apparatus for Procedure ATABLE 1 Mass/Presse

30、r Foot CombinationsMaterials Equal to or Above 35 IRHD:22 5 kPa / 3.2 0.7 psiFoot (mm)OptimalMass (g)MaximumMass (g)MinimumMass (g)10.0 176 215 1388.0 113 138 886.3 70 85 556.0 63 77 505.0 44 54 344.0 28 34 223.2 18 22 1416.0A452 551 35325.0A1104 1346 863Materials Below 35 IRHD:10 2 kPa / 1.5 0.3 ps

31、iFoot (mm)OptimalMass (g)MaximumMass (g)MinimumMass (g)10.0 80 97 648.0 52 62 416.3 32 38 256.0 29 35 235.0 20 24 164.0 13 15 103.2 8 10 616.0A212 254 17025.0A518 621 414AThe 25 mm presser foot values reflect the inclusion of the specificationspreviously enumerated in Section 5.1.5 of Test Method D9

32、26. The 25 mm presser foot is deprecated in favor of the 16 mm presser foot. However, the 25mm presser foot may continue to be used for Test Method D926, provided themass given in the table above is employed.D3767 03 (2014)3having a hardness equal to or greater than 35 IRHD and10 6 2 kPa (1.5 6 0.3

33、psi) for solid rubber having a hardnessless than 35 IRHD (see Test Method D1415 ). The presser footshall not extend over the edge of the area of the test specimen(see Note 1).9.1.3.2 When using an instrument equivalent to the oneshown in Fig. 2, the micrometer is adjusted so that the presserfoot is

34、resting freely on the (polished granite) base.The micrometer is then reset to a “zero” reading. The presserfoot is then raised with the lifting lever mechanism.The test specimen is placed beneath the presser foot.The presser foot is lowered gently to the test specimen.Read and record the thickness f

35、rom the micrometer to anaccuracy within 1 % of the dimension being measured imme-diately after the presser foot contacts the test specimen.The reading displayed digitally is the dimension of the testspecimen to within the tolerance (resolution) of the instrument.The pressure exerted by the presser f

36、oot shall be 22 6 5 kPa(3.2 6 0.7 psi) (refer to Table 1) for solid rubber having ahardness equal to or greater than 35 IRHD, and 10 6 2 kPa (1.56 0.3 psi) for solid rubber having a hardness of less than 35IRHD.The presser foot shall not extend beyond the edge of the testspecimen (see Note 1).9.1.3.

37、3 This practice allows for a range of masses to be usedin concert with a foot of a given diameter (). This is toaccommodate the inherent frictional resistance of the gagemechanism, as well as the additional force introduced by themass of the gage assembly.9.1.3.4 In Table 1, the “Optimal Mass” may b

38、e consider thatwhich would cause the force (kPa / psi) to be applied by a footof the stated diameter with no gage or mechanism involved, asif by gravity. The “maximum” and “minimum” values shownin Table 1 are those that are defined by the upper and lowerlimits, for example, 22 6 5 kPa / 3.2 6 0.7 ps

39、i and 10 6 2kPa / 1.5 6 0.3 psi.NOTE 1The operator should take care to ensure that the micrometerand guide post assembly is perpendicular to the granite base or other testspecimen support surface to within a tolerance of 60.002 in. Theperpendicularity should be ascertained with the micrometer at the

40、 oper-ating height.9.2 Procedure A1:9.2.1 ScopeThis procedure is intended for use in deter-mining the thickness of test specimens with irregular, convex,or concave surfaces, using a micrometer with a spherical foot.It is particularly suitable for compression set test specimens.9.2.2 ApparatusThe app

41、aratus shall consist of a microm-eter (such as dial or digital-electronic) of one of the followingconfigurations:9.2.2.1 Two contact members with domed surfaces ofspherical radius 12.5 6 0.1 mm or 0.5 6 0.005 in. formed onrods 9.5 to 10 mm (0.38 to 0.4 in.) in diameter. The contactmembers shall exer

42、t a force of 0.8 6 0.1 N (0.18 6 0.02 lbf)and shall have a scale capable of measuring dimensions to anaccuracy within 1 % of the dimension being measured. Thereading, if displayed digitally, is the dimension of the testspecimen to within the tolerance (resolution) of the instrument.9.2.2.2 Two conta

43、ct members with domed surfaces ofspherical radius 12.5 6 0.1 mm or 0.5 6 0.005 in. in diameter,one as an anvil insert, the other connected to the micrometer.The contact members shall exert a force of 0.8 6 0.1 N (0.186 0.02 lbf) and shall have a scale capable of measuringdimensions to an accuracy wi

44、thin 1 % of the dimension beingmeasured. The reading displayed digitally is the dimension ofthe test specimen to within the tolerance (resolution) of theinstrument. The anvil is a solid insert with an integral orreplaceable contact foot placed in the Bradnick-Warner fixture(see Fig. 3). The contact

45、foot with a domed surface of sphericalradius is placed in the micrometer.NOTE 2The fixture depicted in Fig. 3 bears the names of its designersand is intended to be reproduced freely.9.2.2.3 A flat anvil 9.5 6 0.5 mm (0.38 6 0.02 in.) indiameter, and a spherical contact foot 6.0 6 1 mm (0.246 0.04in.

46、) in diameter. The contact foot shall exert a force of 0.86 0.1N (0.18 6 0.02 lbf) and shall have a scale capable of measuringdimensions to an accuracy within 1 % of the dimension beingmeasured. The reading, if displayed digitally, is the dimensionof the test specimen to within the tolerance (resolu

47、tion) of theinstrument.9.2.2.4 A spherical contact foot 6.0 6 1.0 mm (0.24 6 0.04in.) in diameter (see Fig. 4). The contact foot shall exert a forceof 0.8 6 0.1 N (0.18 6 0.02 lbf) and shall have a scale capableof measuring dimensions to an accuracy within 1 % of thedimension being measured. The rea

48、ding displayed digitally isthe dimension of the test specimen to within the tolerance(resolution) of the instrument. A solid anvil insert 9.5 6 0.5mm (0.38 6 0.02 in.) in diameter extending at least 0.50 in.above the surface of the base plate of the Bradnick-Warnerfixture (see Fig. 3).9.2.3 Procedur

49、e A1:9.2.3.1 When using the instrument described in 9.2.2.1,place the central portion of the test specimen between the twodomed surfaces and lower the presser foot gently until itcontacts the surface of the test specimen. Read and record thethickness from the micrometer to an accuracy within 1 % of thedimension being measured immediately after the presser footcontacts the test specimen (see Note 1).9.2.3.2 When using an instrument described in 9.2.2.2 (seeFig. 4), the micrometer is adjusted so that the presser foot isresting freely on the solid anv