ASTM D3157-2005 Standard Test Method for Rubber from Natural Sources&8212 Color《天然橡胶的标准试验方法 颜色》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 3157 05Standard Test Method forRubber from Natural SourcesColor1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3157; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren

2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a method of classifying thecolor of raw rubber according to a standard color scale.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to b

3、e regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and

4、determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 926 Test Method for Rubber PropertyPlasticity andRecovery (Parallel Plate Method)D 1485 Test Methods for Rubber from Natural SourcesSampling and Sample PreparationD 3182 Practice for Rubb

5、erMaterials, Equipment, andProcedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-ing Standard Vulcanized SheetsD 3767 Practice for RubberMeasurement of Dimensions3. Summary of Test Method3.1 The raw rubber is prepared in the form of a molded diskof specified thickness, and the color of this disk is co

6、mparedand matched as closely as possible with that of colored glassdisks referred to as standard glasses. The standard glasses usedare calibrated according to the intensity of their amber color.Occasionally the color of the rubber cannot be matched due tothe presence of strong yellow, green, or gray

7、 tints. Colormatching is carried out under diffuse daylight illuminationagainst a matt white background, preferably by use of acomparator that suitably locates and shrouds the test specimenand standard glass. The standard glasses used are calibratedaccording to the intensity of their color to provid

8、e a color indexscale in which higher index values correspond to deeper color.4. Significance and Use4.1 Color of material rubber is of importance in compoundswhere product color is determined by the color of the rawrubber.5. Apparatus5.1 Laboratory Mill, as described in Practice D 3182.5.2 Hydraulic

9、 Press, capable of giving a molding pressureof not less than 3.5 MPa (500 psi) over the platen surface andplaten temperatures of 150 6 3C (302 6 5F).5.3 Mold, stainless steel or aluminum, 1.60 6 0.05 mm(0.063 6 0.002 in.) thick having holes approximately 14 mm(0.55 in.) in diameter in accordance wit

10、h Fig. 1.5.4 Mold Plates, two, of similar material, 1.60 6 0.05 mm(0.063 6 0.002 in.) in thickness.5.5 Comparator or Standard Glass Disks3Standard col-ored glasses with color index scale: 1 to 5 in half-integral stepsand 5 to 16 in integral steps.5.6 Test Specimen Cutting Die, as described in Test M

11、ethodD 926.5.7 Thickness Gage, capable of measuring the test specimento the nearest 0.02 mm (0.001 in.) in accordance with PracticeD 3767, Procedure A1.5.8 Polyester or Cellulose Film, transparent of 0.025-mm(0.001-in.) thickness.6. Sampling6.1 Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with TestMe

12、thods D 1485.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.22 on Natural Rubber.Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originallyapproved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 3157 84(

13、2001).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Lovibond Comparator disks 4/19A for 1 to 5 units and 4

14、/19B for 5 to 16 unitshave been found to be satisfactory. The sole source of supply of the LovibondComparator disks known to the committee at this time is McCloskey ScientificIndustries, Inc., P.O. Box 69, Newfoundland, NJ 07435. If you are aware ofalternative suppliers, please provide this informat

15、ion to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Test Specimen and Sam

16、ple7.1 Homogenize the piece to be tested in accordance withTest Methods D 1485, omitting the weighing procedure unlessthat is required for other tests.7.2 Take a test portion of about 30 g from the homogenizedpiece and pass not more than three times (doubling the sheetbetween passes) between the mil

17、l rolls at room temperaturewith the nip adjusted so that the final sheet thickness is 1.6 to1.8 mm (0.06 to 0.07 in.). Immediately double the sheet, whichshould be uniform in texture and free of holes, and press thetwo halves lightly together by hand, avoiding the formation ofair bubbles. From the s

18、heet, which is 3.2 to 3.6 mm (0.10 to0.15 in.) thick, punch two pellets (each weighing about 0.3 g)and laminate together by lightly pressing with the fingers. Pressthe rubber specimen in the mold between sheets of polyester(or cellophane) using mold plates at not less than 3.5 MPa (500psi) pressure

19、on the mold surface for 5 min at 150C (302F).The molded test piece should be 1.4 to 1.8 mm (0.05 to 0.07in.) thick. The sample should be smooth, free of air bubbles,mold lubricant, rust, grease, soot, or other contaminants and thetransparent polyester sheet left in place.8. Procedure8.1 Compare the

20、test specimen with the standard glasses.Take its color index as that of the glass giving the closest colormatch. Color matching should be carried out under diffusedaylight illumination against a matt white background, viewingin a direction normal to the major surface of the test specimen.If the comp

21、arator shown in Fig. 2 is used, first place a sheet ofmatt white paper (with holes to accommodate the projectionsshown) on the base plate. Fit the disk of standard glasses andthe filled mold (with transparent cover films attached) over theprojections and place the cover plate in position. Carry outc

22、olor matching for each test specimen in turn.9. Report9.1 The color index of the rubber should be reported to thenearest half unit for index values 1 to 5 and to the nearest unitfor higher values. Occasionally the color of the rubber cannotbe matched due to the presence of strong yellow, green, or g

23、raytints. In this case, the rubber fails to test, and a note to thiseffect should be recorded.10. Precision and Bias10.1 No statement is made about either the precision or thebias of Test Method D 3157, for measuring color of a rawrubber from natural sources, since the results merely statewhether th

24、ere is conformance to the criteria for the parameterin terms of an index using a comparative standard.11. Keywords11.1 color; color index; comparator discs; Lovibond; naturalrubberFIG. 1 Mold for Color Index TestD3157052ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent right

25、s asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any t

26、ime by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will

27、 receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM

28、 International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 2 Comparator Mounting (for use with Commercial Lovibond Comparator Disks)D3157053