ASTM D2854-2009(2014) Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated Carbon《活性炭的表面密度的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D2854 09 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Activated Carbon1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2854; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of

3、 the appar-ent density of granular activated carbon. For purposes of thistest method, granular activated carbon is defined as a minimumof 90 % being larger than 80 mesh.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 Thi

4、s standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Document

5、s2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2862 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granu-lar Activated CarbonD2867 Test Methods for Moisture in Activated CarbonE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE300 Practice for Sampling Industrial ChemicalsE542 Practice for Calibration

6、of Laboratory VolumetricApparatus3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Apparent density (bulk density) is determined on agranular sample by measuring the volume packed by a free fallfrom a vibrating feeder into an appropriately sized graduatedcylinder and determining the mass of the known volume. Othermethod

7、s for determining apparent density of granular orpowdered materials exist. These may involve vibration ortapping of the receiving vessel either while it is being filled orafterwards. Application of these methods to granular activatedcarbon may give packed density values that differ from thosedetermi

8、ned by this test method.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a method for determining thepacked density of a bed of granular activated carbon. Deter-mination of the packed density is essential when designingvessels to hold the material and for ordering purposes whenprocuring material

9、s to fill existing vessels.5. Apparatus (see Fig. 1)5.1 Reservoir Funnel, fabricated of glass or metal.5.2 Feed Funnel, glass or metal.5.3 Vibratory Feeder,3such as shown in Fig. 1 or similar.5.4 Cylinders, graduated 100, 250, or 500 mL, calibrated “tocontain” (TC).5.5 Balance, having a sensitivity

10、of 0.1 g or better.6. Procedure6.1 Select a 100, 250, or 500 mL graduated cylinderappropriate for the particle size of the activated carbon to betested. The inside diameter of the cylinder shall be at least 10times the mean particle diameter (MPD) as determined by TestMethod D2862.6.2 If desired, th

11、e graduated cylinder may be calibrated bythe user in accordance with Practice E542.6.3 Obtain a representative sample of activated carbon inaccordance with Practice E300. Carefully place the sample ofactivated carbon into the reservoir funnel so that the materialdoes not prematurely flow into the gr

12、aduated cylinder. If thisoccurs, return the material to the reservoir funnel.6.4 The feed funnel should have an outside diameter whichjust fits inside the chosen graduated cylinder. Adjust the height1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 onActivated Carbon and is the direc

13、t responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on GasPhase Evaluation Tests.Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published September 2014. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D2854 09. DOI:10.1520/D2854-09R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.as

14、tm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3A suitable vibratory feeder is the model F-TO vibrating feeder with standardtrough 112 by 12 in. and controller. This unit

15、 is available from FMC Corporation,Material Handling Equipment Division, 57 Cooper Ave., Homer City, PA 15748.Similar equipment is available from other suppliers.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1of the reservoir funnel

16、above the vibrator trough so that a freeflow of material is obtained. The drawing in Fig. 1 shows atypical apparatus using a 100 mL TC graduated cylinder.6.5 Add the sample to the cylinder using the vibratoryfeeder through the feed funnel. Adjust the flow rate control tofill the cylinder at a unifor

17、m rate not less than 0.75 orexceeding 1.0 mL/s up to the mark corresponding to thevolume chosen. The graduated cylinder shall be filled to at least50 % of its capacity.6.6 Transfer the contents from the cylinder to a balance panand weigh to the nearest 0.1 g.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the as-receiv

18、ed apparent density as follows:as 2 received apparent density, g/mL (1)5mass of activated carbon in gramscarbon volume in millilitres7.2 Calculate the apparent density on the dry basis asfollows:dry apparent density, g/mL (2)5 as 2 received apparent density3S1 2% moisture100DPercent moisture is dete

19、rmined using Test Method D2867.8. Report8.1 The report should include the following:8.1.1 Complete identification of the sample, includingsource, manufacturers lot number, and carbon type.8.1.2 The volume of the graduated cylinder and the volumeof carbon used in the test.8.1.3 The as-received appare

20、nt density, the apparent density(dry basis), and the percent moisture.9. Precision and Bias9.1 An interlaboratory study was run in which samples ofthree types of activated carbon were tested for as-receivedapparent density in each of five laboratories (the 8 by 30 meshcoal carbon was tested in six l

21、aboratories).49.2 The precision information given in Table 1 in grams per4Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D28-1005.FIG. 1 Assembly of ApparatusTABLE 1 Precision Information8 by 30 Coal 4 by 10 Coco 4 mm PelletAver

22、age apparent density 0.504 g/mL 0.500 g/mL 0.505 g/mL95 % repeatability limit (withinlaboratory)0.008 g/mL 0.007 g/mL 0.009 g/mL95 % reproducibilitylimit (between laboratories)0.014 g/mL 0.025 g/mL 0.034 g/mLD2854 09 (2014)2millilitre is for the comparison of two test results, each ofwhich is the av

23、erage of three test determinations.9.3 The terms in Table 1 (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E177. Therespective standard deviations among test results may beobtained by dividing the above limit values by 2.8.9.4 This method has no bias because appar

24、ent density ofactivated carbon is defined in terms of this test method.10. Keywords10.1 activated carbon; granular activated carbonASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard

25、are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif no

26、t revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which

27、you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,Unit

28、ed States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 09 (2014)3