ASTM D1871-2004(2010) Standard Test Method for Adhesion Between Tire Bead Wire and Rubber《轮胎钢丝和橡胶间粘结性的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D1871 04 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forAdhesion Between Tire Bead Wire and Rubber1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1871; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method cover procedures for testing thestrength of adhesion of single-filament wire to vulcanizedrubber compounds.
3、 The method applies to, but is not limited to,wire made from brass, bronze, or zinc coated steel wire. Theadhesion strength is expressed as the magnitude of the pull-outforce for the single filament of wire.1.2 This test method is applicable to single-filament wiresused in reinforced rubber products
4、 as single filaments and isnormally used to evaluate the adhesion of samples of wire to astandard rubber applied under specified conditions. It is prima-rily used to evaluate tire bead wire and may be applied, withmodifications and by agreement between supplier and cus-tomer, to various wire types u
5、sed in rubber product reinforcing.1.3 This test method is written in SI units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and deter
6、mine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 6.5.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias
7、 forTextiles3D3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, andProcedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-ing Standard Vulcanized SheetsD4392 Terminology for Statistically Related Terms3D6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire,Hose Reinforcing Wire, and FabricsE456 Terminology Rel
8、ating to Quality and Statistics3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to tire cord, bead wire,hose wire, and tire cord fabrics, refer to Terminology D64773.1.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:adhesion, curing, holland cloth, hose reinforcing wire, m
9、illgrain, rubber, rubber compound, as used in the manufacture ofrubber articles, tire bead, tire bead wire, and vulcanization.3.1.2 For definitions of terms relating to rubber, refer toTerminology D15663.1.3 For definitions of terms relating to testing and statis-tical concepts, refer to Terminology
10、 D4392 orE456D4392E456.3.1.4 For definitions of other terms related to textiles, referto Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 The wires are vulcanized into a block or pad of rubberand the force necessary to pull the wires out of the rubber ismeasured. The direction of pull-out is axial, th
11、at is, along thewire.5. Significance and Use5.1 To contribute to the mechanical properties required in aproduct, tire bead wire must have good adhesion to the rubbermatrix. This allows the rubber to absorb part of the energy,distributing it uniformly between the reinforcing material andthe rubber co
12、mpound. This test method is considered satisfac-tory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of wiresince it has been used extensively in the trade for this purpose.This test method may be used for purchase specificationrequirements or manufacturing control of bead wire.5.1.1 If there are dif
13、ferences of practical significance be-tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),comparative tests should be performed to determine if there isa statistical bias between them, using competent statisticalassistance. As a minimum, test samples should be used that areas homogeneous as p
14、ossible, that are drawn from the materialfrom which the disparate test results were obtained, and thatare randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory fortesting. Other materials with established test values may beused for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories1Thistest me
15、thod is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cord and Fabrics.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published February 2010. Originallyap-proved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2004 D1871 04. DOI:10.1520/
16、D1871-04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr H
17、arbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, ata probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias isfound, either its cause must be found and corrected, or futuretest results for that material
18、must be adjusted in considerationof the known bias.5.2 The characteristics of single filament steel wires thataffect the adhesion property are wire diameter, coating com-position, and coating mass. The storage conditions, age, andvulcanization conditions of the rubber compound will affect thetest re
19、sults and must be specified by the supplier of the rubbercompound.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Mold,4designed as shown in Fig. 1 for a 12.5-mm thickblock of rubber, 200 mm long, and 50 mm wide, with 15beveled slots across the width of the mold spaced 12.5 mmapart at the middle of the mold thickness
20、, and with top andbottom plates for the mold. If more than five wires break whentesting with the standard mold, the purchaser and the suppliermay agree to use a mold cavity that is less than 50 mm wide.6.2 Tensile Testing Machine, CRE (Constant-Rate-of-Extension) type, of such capacity of the load c
21、ell in use that themaximum force required to pull out the wires shall not exceed85 % nor be less than 15 % of the rated capacity. The rate oftravel of the power actuated grip shall be 50 6 5 mm/min, orup to 1506 15 mm/min by agreement between the purchaserand the seller. The specifications and metho
22、ds of calibrationand verification shall conform to Specification D76.6.3 Top Grip,4designed as shown in Fig. 2 shall be a specialholder made for the vulcanized block sample. The bottom gripmay be any type clamp of sufficient capacity to handle thespecimen and designed to prevent its slippage in the
23、grip5or toprevent premature filament breakage.6.4 Vulcanizing Press, large enough to accommodate themold, and capable of exerting at least 70 kN total force on themold.6Electrical or steam heat for the top and bottom platensshall be provided, of sufficient capacity for maintaining themold components
24、 at a temperature within 3C of the require-ments for the rubber compound being used.6.5 Solvent, used for the preparation of the rubber and wirein this test method shall be such that the surface of the rubberwill be freshened and the wire surface cleaned without ad-versely affecting the adhesion. If
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