ASTM D187-2018 Standard Test Method for Burning Quality of Kerosene《煤油燃烧质量的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D187 18Standard Test Method forBurning Quality of Kerosene1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D187; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses in
2、dicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination ofthe burning prop
3、erties of kerosene to be used for illuminatingpurposes. (WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful.)NOTE 1The corresponding Energy Institute (IP) test method is IP 10which features a quantitative evaluation of the wick-char-forming tenden-cies of the kerosene, whereas Test Method D187 features a qualitative
4、performance evaluation of the kerosene. Both test methods subject thekerosene to somewhat more severe operating conditions than would beexperienced in typical designated applications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisst
5、andard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
6、 to use.Specific warning statements appear throughout the test method.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
7、mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of LubricatingOilsD3699 Specification for KerosineD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD417
8、5 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, LiquidFuels, and LubricantsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products2.2 Energy Institute Standard:3IP 10 Determination of kerosine burning characteristics24hour method2.3 Other Document:4Formulas for Denatured Alcohol and R
9、um Treasury Dept.,U. S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, Publi-cation No. 3683. Terminology3.1 See Terminology D4175 for terms used in this testmethod.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The kerosene sample is burned for 16 h in a specifiedlamp under specified conditions. The average rate of burni
10、ng,the change in the shape of the flame, and the density and colorof the chimney deposit are reported.5. Significance and Use5.1 Since the information provided by this test method islargely qualitative in nature, specific limits covering thefollowing characteristics are required in referring to this
11、 testmethod in specifications for kerosene:5.1.1 Duration of the test: 16 h is understood, if not other-wise specified;5.1.2 Permissible change in flame shape and dimensionsduring the test;5.1.3 Description of the acceptable appearance of the chim-ney deposit.1This test method is under the jurisdict
12、ion of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and MarineFuels.Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originallyapproved in 1948. Last previous edi
13、tion approved in 2013 as D187 08 (2013).DOI: 10.1520/D0187-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website
14、.3Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR,U.K., http:/www.energyinst.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent ofDocuments, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20401,http:/www.gpo.gov/fdsys.*A Summary of Changes section appe
15、ars at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Princip
16、les for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16. Apparatus6.1 Lamp Assembly,5conforming essentially to the shapeand dimensions shown in Fig. 1. It is essential to ensure that theburner
17、 fits vertically into the oil reservoir and that the wick-guide has parallel sides and is centrally disposed in relation tothe slot in the dome of the burner. Any distortion of thewick-guide or dome will hinder attainment of the prescribedflame shape and render subsequent qualitative ratings unreli-
18、able.6.2 Wick,519 mm paraffin flat, super quality, containingapproximately 43 ends of three-ply yarn, woven double plainweave with stitching ends, one blue stripe on one face and onegreen stripe on the reverse face, woven with approximately 16picks per 10 mm, and weighing normally 15 g m. Afterweavi
19、ng, the wick shall be boiled in distilled water and driedthoroughly.6.2.1 The wick shall then be made into rolls and left forseven days before it is cut into 200 mm lengths. The lengthsshall then be packed into suitable containers. The ash of thewick shall not exceed 0.4 % by weight.6.3 Sight Gage5A
20、 suitable flame-size measuring device,accurate to 1 mm. The sight gage shown in Fig. 2 is satisfac-tory.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Formula 3A Denatured EthanolSee Formulas forDenatured Alcohol and Rum.7.2 Hydrochloric Acid, Dilute (approximately 6 N).7.3 KeroseneSee Specification D3699.7.4 Precipi
21、tation NaphthaSee Reagent section in TestMethod D91.8. Hazards8.1 Specific Safety Hazards:8.1.1 Formula 3A Denatured Ethanol(WarningFlammable. Denaturedcannot be made nontoxic.)8.1.2 Hydrochloric AcidDilute 6 N.(WarningCausesburns. Vapor harmful.)8.1.3 Kerosene(WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful.)8.1
22、.4 Precipitation Naphtha(WarningExtremely flam-mable. Harmful if inhaled. Vapors may cause flash fire.)8.2 Technical Precautions:5The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Stanhope-Seta Limited, Park Close, Englefield Green, Egham, Surrey, EnglandTW20 OXD. If y
23、ou are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.NOTE 1All dimensions shown are in millimetres. Except whereotherwise indi
24、cated, the tolerance for chimney dimensions is 61 mm.FIG. 1 Test Lamp FIG. 2 Sight GageD187 1828.2.1 Test RoomIt is desirable to dedicate a suitable roomfor the exclusive conduct of kerosene burning tests. However,kerosene burning tests can be conducted in any part of a roomthat is adequately ventil
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