ASTM D1264-2018 Standard Test Method for Determining the Water Washout Characteristics of Lubricating Greases.pdf

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1、Designation: D1264 18Standard Test Method forDetermining the Water Washout Characteristics ofLubricating Greases1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1264; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the ev

3、aluation of the resistanceof a lubricating grease to washout by water from a bearing,when tested at 38 C and 79 C (100 F and 175 F) under theprescribed laboratory conditions. It is not to be considered theequivalent of service evaluation tests. Precision and bias wasdetermined using grease ranging f

4、rom NLGI 3 to 0 grades inthe research report (see Section 10).1.2 This test method may not be suitable for some greasescontaining highly volatile components. This test method doesnot attempt to account for sample evaporation. It is the usersresponsibility to determine if evaporation of the sample is

5、 asignificant contributor to mass loss at the required dryingtemperature.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses after SI units areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all

6、of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific warning statements, see 6.3.1.5 This

7、 international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (

8、TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Adjuncts:Standard Ball Bearing2D2PP, Version 4.43, Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products33. Summary of Test Method3.1 The grease is packed into a ball bearing, the bearing isthen inserted in a housing wit

9、h specified clearances, androtated at 600 r min 6 30 r min. Water, controlled at thespecified test temperature, impinges on the bearing housing ata rate of 5 mL s 6 0.5 mL s. The amount of grease washed outin 60 min 6 1 min is a measure of the resistance of the greaseto water washout.4. Significance

10、 and Use4.1 This test method estimates the resistance of greases towater washout from ball bearings under conditions of the test.No correlation with field service has been established.5. Apparatus5.1 Ball Bearing, Size 6204 deep groove ball bearingcontaining eight 7.9 mm (516 in.) balls, separated b

11、y a two-piece, pressed steel cage, having an internal free volume of6.5 cm36 0.5 cm3. ADJD33362bearings meet theserequirements, however other bearings with the same dimen-sions may be used.5.2 Bearing Housing and Shield with dimensions as shownin Fig. 1.5.3 Reservoir, Bearing-Housing Mount, Circulat

12、ing Pump,and Drive Motor, similar or equivalent to those shown in Fig.1.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.G0.06 on Functional Tests - Contamination.Current edition a

13、pproved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originallyapproved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1264 16. DOI:10.1520/D1264-18.2Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD3336. Original adjunct produced in 1984.3ADJD6300 is no longer available.*A Summ

14、ary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established

15、 in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1in. mm in. mm F C0.010 0.25 0.875 22.22 100 3 38 1.70.015 0.38 0.938 23.81 174 3 79 1.70.031 0.79 214 57.118 3.

16、18 6 152532 3.97316 4.7614 6.35FIG. 1 Water Washout Characteristics of Lubricating Grease ApparatusD1264 1825.4 Heating Source, to maintain the water temperature at38 C 6 1.7 C (100 F 6 3 F) or 79 C 6 1.7 C (174 F 63 F).NOTE 1Suitable temperature control may be obtained by the use ofimmersion heater

17、s, steam coils, or infrared heat lamps, in conjunction withtransformers or thermostats.5.5 Thermometer or Thermocouple, to determine the tem-perature of the water reservoir.6. Materials and Reagents6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, i

18、t is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.4Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its

19、 use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.6.2 Distilled Water.6.3 Cleaning SolventCapable of sufficiently cleaning thetest bearing for use in the test. Either reagent grade Stoddardsolvent, also known as Mineral Spirits, (WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful), or American Chemical Society

20、reagent grade n-heptane4(WarningFlammable. Harmful ifinhaled) has been found suitable for use.7. Preparation of Apparatus7.1 Clean the reservoir and water passages by flushing withdistilled water. Wipe off any oil scum which has been depositedon the surfaces of the reservoir (see Note 2). Clean the

21、testbearing (see Note 3) with cleaning solvent (see 6.3).NOTE 2Following high water washout greases (washout 15 %),additional care should be taken to ensure all oil and grease deposits arecleaned out of the water passages and reservoir prior to subsequent runs.It has been seen that residue in the re

22、circulation lines can become lodgedin the spray nozzle, affecting the water jet flow rate and/or point ofimpingement on the end plate during the course of a test run. To helpprevent grease from entering the recirculation lines, an optional coarsescreen could be placed over the water intake line. If

23、a screen is used, itshould be cleaned prior to each test run.NOTE 3Test bearings may be re-used for this test method. Thebearings should be cleaned of test grease and dried following a completedtest run and stored in a suitable manner to prevent corrosion, such as in adesiccator. The bearings should

24、 be inspected prior to use to ensure they arefreely turning and free of corrosion or grease thickener residue from priortest runs.8. Procedure8.1 Pack the tared bearing with 4.00 g 6 0.05 g of testgrease. Insert the bearing and tared shields into the housing,and assemble the unit in the test apparat

25、us.8.2 Add a minimum of 750 mL of preheated distilled waterto the reservoir, but keep the water level below the bearinghousing. Without starting the bearing, start the water circulat-ing pump while diverting the water spray from the housing bymeans of a piece of tubing attached to the capillary disc

26、hargetube or with a deflecting metal shield until equilibrium tem-perature is attained. When the test is to be made at the testtemperatures of 38 C 6 1.7 C (100 F 6 3 F) or 79 C 61.7 C (174 F 6 3 F), it will be necessary to heat the waterto the specified temperature by a previously selected source o

27、fheat.8.2.1 If the rig has one motor driving both pump and testbearing, remove the belt from the test bearing spindle pulleyduring water warm-up time.8.3 When the water reaches the specified temperature,adjust the bypass valve to give a water-flow rate, through therubber tubing and into a glass grad

28、uate, of 5 mL s 6 0.5 mL s(Note 4). Remove the rubber tubing from the capillary dis-charge tube, and adjust the water jet so that it impinges on theend plate 6 mm (14 in.) above the outer opening of the bearinghousing. Start the bearing.NOTE 4Sufficient experience should be obtained with a particula

29、rtester to make sure that the water-flow rate can be maintained within thespecified limits for a 60 min 6 1 min test run.8.4 With the bearing operating at a speed of 600 r min 630 r min, continue the operation for 60 min 6 1 min.8.5 Shut off the motor and heating source, if used. Removethe test bear

30、ing and shields and place them on a tared watchglass, with the shields being separated from the bearing andplaced with their inner faces upward to expose the wet greaseto the air.8.6 Dry the bearing and shields for 15 h 6 0.25 h at 77 C6 2 C (170 F 6 4 F), and then weigh to determine thegrease loss

31、(Note 5). The grease remaining on the shields, andany leakage occurring during the drying period, should not beconsidered as grease lost. Duplicate tests shall be run.NOTE 5Some weight loss may be experienced for greases containinghighly volatile oils because of evaporation during drying.NOTE 6Some

32、greases contain components that make it difficult tocompletely dry the sample at 77 C 6 2 C (170 F 6 4 F). If a weightgain is observed after drying for 15 h at 77 C 6 2 C (170 F 6 4 F),then the sample should be dried for an additional 15 h at 93 C 6 2C(200 F 6 4 F). If a weight gain is still observe

33、d after drying for 15 h at93 C 62 C (200 F 6 4 F), then the sample should be dried for anadditional 15 h at 115 C 6 2 C (239 F 6 4 F). If needed, eachadditional drying step should commence on the same day that the previousdrying step completed. Between drying steps, the sample should be keptin a des

34、iccator, and great care should be used when handling the sampleto avoid removing any material.9. Report9.1 Report the average of duplicate tests as the percentageweight of grease washed out at the test temperature, andindicate the temperature at which the bearing assembly andgrease were dried.4Reage

35、nt Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand

36、National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.D1264 18310. Precision and Bias510.1 The precision of this test method was obtained usingADJD6300 (D2PP).310.2 The precision of this test method was determined bydrying the bearing assembly and grease at 77 C (170 F). Thepr

37、ecision statement does not apply to samples which are driedat the higher temperatures given in Note 6.10.3 RepeatabilityThe difference between successive re-sults obtained by the same operator with the same apparatusunder constant operating conditions on identical test materialwould, in the long run

38、, in the normal and correct operation ofthe test method, exceed the following values only in one casein twenty.Repeatability38C r = 0.8 (X +2)79C r = 0.6 (X + 4.6)where: X is the average of two results in %.10.3.1 Reproducibility The difference between two singleand independent results obtained by d

39、ifferent operators work-ing in different laboratories on identical test material would, inthe long run, exceed the following values only in one case intwenty.Reproducibility38C R = 1.4 (X +2)79C R = 1.1 (X + 4.6)where: X is the average of two results in %.10.4 BiasThe procedure in this test method h

40、as no biasbecause the value of grease washout can be defined only interms of a test method.11. Keywords11.1 grease; washout; waterSUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D02.G0 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D1264 16) that may impact the use of this stan

41、dard. (Approved Sept. 1, 2018.)(1) Revised subsection 5.1.(2) Revised subsection 7.1, adding reference to Note 2 and anew Note 3.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard ar

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46、o be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1272 and RR:D02-1434.Contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.D1264 184