ASTM C859-2010 Standard Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials《与核材料相关用标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: C859 10Standard Terminology Relating toNuclear Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C859; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indi

2、cates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology standard contains terms, definitions,descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of acro-nyms and symbols specifically associated with

3、 standards underthe jurisdiction of Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle. Thisterminology may also be applicable to documents not under thejurisdiction of Committee C26, in which case this terminologymay be referenced in those documents.2. Terminologyabundance sensitivity, nin methods of chemical ana

4、lysis,the ratio of the ion beam intensity of the major isotope, M,to the background current at the adjacent mass positions.Abundance sensitivity 5ion current at mass Mion current at M 6 1(1)activity, A, T1, nthe measure of the rate of spontaneousnuclear transformations of a radioactive material. The

5、 SI unitfor activity is the becquerel (Bq), defined as 1 transformationper second. The original unit for activity was the curie (Ci),defined as 3.7 3 1010transformations per second.alteration, nany change in the form, state, or properties ofmaterials.analyte, nim method of chemical analysis, a sampl

6、e com-ponent whose presence and concentration is of interest.becquerel (Bq), T1, nthe SI unit of measure for activity,defined as 1 transformation per second.beta radiation, nan electron that was generated in theatomic nucleus during decay and has a negative charge ofone.continuing calibration blank

7、check solution (CCB)inmethods of chemical analysis, a standard solution that has noanalyte and is used to verify blank response and freedomfrom carryover.continuing calibration verification check solution(CCV)in methods of chemical analysis, a standard solu-tion (or set of solutions) used to verify

8、freedom fromexcessive instrument drift; the concentration is to be near themidrange of a linear curve.crushed glass, nin a glass leach test, small particles of glassproduced by mechanically fracturing larger pieces of glass.curie (Ci), T1the original unit of measure for activity,defined as 3.7 3 101

9、0transformations per second.determination, nthe process of carrying out a series ofoperations specified in the test method whereby a singlevalue is obtained.dose rate, L2T3, na quantity of absorbed dose received ina given unit of time.high density concrete, na concrete having a density greaterthan 2

10、400 kg per cubic meter (150 lb per cubic foot).initial calibration verification check solution (ICV)inmethods of chemical analysis, a standard solution (or a set ofstandard solutions) used to verify calibration standard levels;the concentration of analyte is to be near mid-range of thelinear curve t

11、hat is made from a stock solution having adifferent manufacturer or manufacturer lot identification thanthe calibration standards.linear range check solution (LRS)in methods of chemicalanalysis, a solution containing known concentrations of theanalytes that is used to determine the upper limit of th

12、e linearrange.mass bias or fractionation, nin methods of chemicalanalysis, the deviation of the observed or measured isotoperatio from the true ratio as a function of the difference inmass between the two isotopes.neutron radiation, nthe emission of neutrons resulting frominstability in the atomic n

13、ucleus. Neutrons have an atomicmass slightly heavier than a proton, but have no electricalcharge.on-peak spectral interference correction, nadjustmentsmade in observed net intensity of peak interest to compen-sate for error introduced by spectral interferences.quench standard curve, nin methods of r

14、adiochemicalanalysis, a relationship between sample quench and detec-tion efficiency. A quench curve for an isotope in a given1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on NuclearFuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.01 on Editorial andTerminology.Curr

15、ent edition approved Feb. 1, 2010. Published March 2010. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C859 09. DOI:10.1520/C0859-10.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.cocktail and vial combinatio

16、n is developed by counting aseries of standards containing the same activity of thatisotope, but each with different quench. Sample quench istypically quantified by variety of parameters.rad, L2T2, na unit of measure of radiation absorbed dose.See absorbed dose.sequential flow injection, nin methods

17、 of chemical analysis,an automated non-chromatographic flow analysis techniquefor concentrating the analytes and separating them fromsample components by reproducibly and sequentially ma-nipulating flow of sample and reagents through a column ofsorbent material.test result, nin methods of chemical a

18、nalysis, the valueobtained for a given property from one test unit, which maybe a single observation or the combination of multipleobservations, as required by a specific test method.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every fi

19、ve years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical

20、committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, P

21、A 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C859 102