ASTM C647-1995(2000) Standard Guide to Properties and Tests of Mastics and Coating Finishes for Thermal Insulation《胶合辅料和涂覆品的性能及试验标准指南》.pdf

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1、Designation: C 647 95 (Reapproved 2000)Standard Guide toProperties and Tests of Mastics and Coating Finishes forThermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 647; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev

2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide identifies properties of mastics and coatingfinishes characterizing their performance a

3、s finishes for ther-mal insulation.1.2 These properties relate to application and service. Eachproperty is defined, and its significance and suggested testmethods are described.1.3 The properties appear in the following order in thisguide.ParagraphApplication Properties 6Consistency 6.1Coverage 6.2B

4、uild 6.3Wet Flammability 6.4Toxicity 6.5Temperature and Humidity Range 6.6Surface Wetting and Adhesion 6.7Gap Filling and Bridging 6.8Sizing and Sealing 6.9Corrosion or Solvent Attack 6.10Drying Time and Curing Time 6.11Shrinkage 6.12Storage Stability 6.13Freeze-Thaw Stability 6.14Service Properties

5、 7Specimen Preparation 7.1Outdoor Durability 7.2Environmental Resistance 7.3Temperature Limits 7.3.1Chemicals and Water Resistance 7.3.2Mold and Mildew Resistance 7.3.3Surface Flammability 7.4Water-Vapor Transmission Rate 7.5Adhesion 7.6Damage Resistance 7.7Impact Resistance 7.7.1Abrasion Resistance

6、 7.7.2Stress Resistance 7.8Flexure 7.8.1Elongation 7.8.2Color 7.9Odor 7.10Other Properties 81.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 419 Practice for Making and Cur

7、ing Test Specimens ofMastic Thermal Insulation Coatings2C 461 Test Methods for Mastics and Coatings Used withThermal Insulation2C 488 Test Method for Conducting Exterior Exposure Testsof Finishes for Thermal Insulation2C 639 Test Method for Rheological (Flow) Properties ofElastomeric Sealants3C 681

8、Test Method for Volatility of Oil- and Resin-Based,Knife-Grade, Channel Glazing Compounds3C 733 Test Method for Volume Shrinkage of Latex Seal-ants3C 755 Practice for Selection of Vapor Retarders for ThermalInsulation2C 792 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on WeightLoss, Cracking, and Chalking

9、of Elastomeric Sealants3D 36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)4D 56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester5D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup5D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup Tester5D 529 Practice

10、for Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of Bi-tuminous Materials4D 543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical Reagents6D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Using theStormer Viscometer7D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics6D 658 Test Method for Abrasion Resista

11、nce of OrganicCoatings By Air Blast Abrasive71This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on InsulationFinishes and Moisture.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published November 1995. Originallypublish

12、ed as C 647 69. Last previous edition C 647 89a.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.04.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.

13、1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 747 Test Method for Apparent Bending Modulus ofPlastics by Means of a Cantilever Beam6D 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical

14、Insulating Materi-als6D 822 Practice for Conducting Tests on Paint and RelatedCoatings and Materials Using Filtered Open-FlameCarbon-Arc Exposure Apparatus7D 903 Test Method for Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhe-sive Bonds8D 968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by Falling Abr

15、asive7D 1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Point ofLiquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus7D 1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Forma-tion of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature7D 1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or CoatedSpecimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments7D 1729 Pr

16、actice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials7D 1823 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisolsand Organosols at High Shear Rates by Extrusion Viscom-eter6D 1824 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisolsand Organosols at Low Shear R

17、ates by Brookfield Vis-cometer6D 1849 Test Method for Package Stability of Paint9D 2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials By Rotational (Brookfield type)Viscometer7D 2243 Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne Coatings9D 2354 Test Method for Minimum Fi

18、lm Formation Tem-perature (MFT) of Emulsion Vehicles10D 2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Re-sistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)11D 2453 Test Method for Shrinkage and Tenacity of Oil- andResin-Base Caulking Compounds3D 2485 Test Method for Eva

19、luating Coatings for HighTemperature Service7D 2507 Terminology of Rheological Properties of GelledRocket Propellants12D 2939 Test Methods for Emulsified Bitumens Used asProtective Coatings4D 3134 Practice for Establishing Color and Gloss Toler-ances7D 3274 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Surfa

20、ceDisfigurement of Paint Films by Microbial (Fungal orAlgal) Growth or Soil and Dirt Accumulation7D 3361 Practice for Operating Light- and Water-ExposureApparatus (Unfiltered Carbon-Arc Type) for Testing Paint,Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products Using the DewCycle7D 3828 Test Methods for Flash Po

21、int by Small Scale ClosedTester13D 4339 Test Method for Determination of the Odor ofAdhesives8E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials3E 96 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Mate-rials2E 162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of MaterialsUsing a Radiant

22、Heat Energy Source3E 659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of LiquidChemicals14G 21 Practice for Determining Resistance of SyntheticPolymeric Materials to Fungi15G 23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus(Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposureof Nonmetallic Materials15

23、3. Terminology3.1 General Definitions:3.1.1 application propertiesproperties that influence oraffect the effective installation of finishes.3.1.2 coatinga liquid or semiliquid protective finish ca-pable of application to thermal insulation or other surfaces,usually by brush or spray, in moderate thi

24、ckness, 30 mils (0.76mm).3.1.3 mastica protective finish of relatively thick consis-tency capable of application to thermal insulation or othersurfaces usually by spray or trowel, in thick coats greater than30 mils (0.03 in.) (0.76 mm).3.1.4 service propertiesproperties that govern perfor-mance of f

25、inishes after installation.3.2 Specific DefinitionsTerms specific to Sections 6 and 7are defined as appropriate.4. Significance and Use4.1 Each of the properties listed should be considered inselecting materials for specific projects. A list of the selectedproperties with limiting values assigned wi

26、ll form a part of theproduct specification.4.2 All of the properties may not be pertinent in any specificsituation, and all of the tests outlined may not be required. Acondition to any specification must be an evaluation of theproposed use to determine which properties may be required.4.3 Membrane r

27、einforcements are frequently specified andused with mastics and coatings. Service properties of suchsystems of finishes may be different from the unreinforcedfinishes; therefore, it is essential to test specimens of thereinforced system.5. Classification of Mastics and Coatings5.1 Vapor-Retarder Typ

28、eA finish intended for service oninsulated units that are operated below ambient temperature atleast part of the time.8Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.9Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.10Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.11Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.12Annual Boo

29、k of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03.13Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.14Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.15Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.C 647 95 (2000)2NOTE 1Practice C 755 may provide additional guidance.5.1.1 Outdoor service.5.1.2 Indoor service.5.2 Vapor-Permeable TypeA fi

30、nish intended for serviceon insulated units that are operated above ambient temperature.(See 7.6.2. Sometimes referred to as a “breather” finish.)5.2.1 Outdoor service.5.2.2 Indoor service.6. Application Properties6.1 Consistency:6.1.1 Definitionthe resistance of a non-Newtonian mate-rial to deforma

31、tion or flow.NOTE 2Consistency is not a fundamental property but is made up ofviscosity, plasticity, and other rheological phenomena (see TerminologyD 2507). In non-Newtonian behavior, usual for mastics and coatings forthermal insulation, the ratio of shearing stress to the rate of shearing strainva

32、ries with the shearing stress.6.1.2 Significance and UseConsistency determineswhether a mastic or coating can be troweled, applied by glovedhand, brushed, or sprayed. It has a direct effect on applicationcosts.6.1.3 Technical EvaluationTest Methods C 461, C 639,D 562, D 1823, D 1824, and D 2196.6.2

33、Coverage:6.2.1 Definitionthe measure of surface area in square feetper gallon (m2/litre) (coatings) or gallons per 100 ft2(mastics)at which finish must be applied to obtain specified drythickness and desired performance.6.2.2 Significance and UseThe performance of finishes isrelated directly to the

34、optimum dry thickness. Therefore,performance properties must be defined in terms of optimumdry thickness, and this value must be established for applica-tion purposes in terms of coverage. Coverage data are essentialfor estimating material quantities and costs.6.2.3 Technical EvaluationTest Methods

35、C 461.6.3 Build:6.3.1 Definitionthe thickness to which a coating or masticfinish can be applied without sagging, running, sliding, ordripping.6.3.2 Significance and UseFinishes for thermal insulationmust be capable of application on vertical or overhead surfacesat specified coverage without subseque

36、nt reduction in thick-ness, caused by excessive flow or slump. Build also determinesthe number of coats required for optimum dry thickness.6.3.3 Technical EvaluationTest Methods C 461.6.4 Wet Flammability (during application):6.4.1 Definitionthe relative ease of ignition and conse-quent fire hazard

37、of a finish during application, as indicated byits flash point, fire point, and fuel contribution.6.4.2 Significance and UseFinishes that contain volatileflammable solvent may ignite readily from a source such aswelding sparks and spatter, electrical short circuits, openflames, or personnel smoking.

38、 Such a fire could spread veryrapidly over freshly finished surfaces.6.4.3 Technical EvaluationTest Methods D 56, D 92,D 93, D 1310, and D 3828.6.5 Toxicity:6.5.1 Definitionharmful physiological response to vaporinhalation or skin contact with finishes during application.6.5.2 Significance and UseFi

39、nishes should not adverselyaffect health of personnel making applications. Containerlabels must describe legally and adequately any health hazardinvolved in using the product.6.5.3 Technical EvaluationTest as recommended byAmerican Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygien-ists.166.6 Temperature

40、and Humidity Range (during application):6.6.1 Definitionthe limiting temperatures and relative hu-midities between which practical application of finish can bemade without adverse effect on service properties.6.6.2 Significance and UseApplication of finishes underextremes of atmospheric temperature

41、or humidity, or both, canhinder or prevent attainment of necessary coverage and propercure, thus changing performance properties significantly. Thetemperature of the surface to which the finish is applied alsomust be considered.6.6.3 Technical EvaluationTest Method D 2354, andproduct application tes

42、ts made at maximum and minimumvalues of temperature and humidity in stated design conditions.6.7 Surface Wetting and Adhesion:6.7.1 Definitionthe mutual affinity of the bonding be-tween finish and the surface to which it is applied.6.7.2 Significance and UseCoatings and mastics must wetand bond read

43、ily to insulation surfaces without special treat-ments or application techniques, or both. Ease and cost ofapplication require good surface wetting and adhesion.6.7.3 Technical EvaluationClosely observe during finishapplication under real or simulated field conditions.6.8 Gap Filling and Bridging:6.

44、8.1 Definitionthe ability to bridge, fill, and level jointsand gaps in installed thermal insulation.6.8.2 Significance and UseJoints and gaps exist in in-stalled block and blanket insulation. If these are not filled orbridged adequately, the protective value of the finish will beimpaired seriously.6

45、.8.3 Technical EvaluationApply finish over insulation inreal or simulated field conditions over typical joints and gaps.Follow with destructive examination to determine effective-ness.6.9 Sizing and Sealing:6.9.1 Definitionthe ability of a finish to resist excessiveabsorption into porous insulation.

46、6.9.2 Significance and UseExcessive penetration of fin-ishes into insulation will affect adversely the performance ofthe finish and the thermal conductivity of the insulation.6.9.3 Technical EvaluationApply finish by film applicatorsimultaneously on insulation and on a nonporous surface. Aftercuring

47、, measure the dry film thickness on the surfaces toestablish the difference due to absorption.6.10 Corrosion or Solvent Attack:6.10.1 Definitionharmful effect on metals or thermal in-sulation from contact with finishes.16ACGIH, 1014 Broadway, Cincinnati, OH 45202.C 647 95 (2000)36.10.2 Significance

48、and UseFinishes must not attack in-sulation or adjacent metals to cause deterioration of theinstallation.6.10.3 Technical EvaluationApply finish by film applica-tor. After curing, examine for evidence of softening, blistering,or shrinkage of insulation, as well as for corrosion of metalsurfaces.6.11

49、 Drying Time and Curing Time:6.11.1 Definitionelapsed time required for mastic or coat-ing finish to dry or cure after application, before it may beplaced in operating service.NOTE 3Drying time implies time during which applied finish issensitive to local damage by weather or personnel. Curing time impliestime required to reach optimum service properties.6.11.2 Significance and UsePerformance properties offinishes depend on adequate drying and curing. Prematureservice operation may lead to finish failure. Curing time dataare needed to estab