ASTM C578-2009 Standard Specification for Rigid Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation.pdf

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1、Designation: C 578 09Standard Specification forRigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 578; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n

2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers the types, physical propertie

3、s,and dimensions of cellular polystyrene boards with or withoutfacings or coatings made by molding (EPS) or extrusion (XPS)of expandable polystyrene. Products manufactured to thisspecification are intended for use as thermal insulation fortemperatures from -65 to +165F (-53.9 to +73.9C). Thisspecifi

4、cation does not apply to laminated products manufac-tured with any type of rigid board facer including fiberboard,perlite board, gypsum board, or oriented strand board.1.1.1 For Type XIII only, this specification covers thephysical properties, and dimensions of cellular polystyreneintended for use a

5、s thermal insulation for temperatures from297 to +165F (183 to +73.9C).1.2 Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendationsand properties in cryogenic conditions.1.2.1 This specification does not cover cryogenic propertiesexcept for the k-factors for Type XIII in Appendix X1. ForType XIII in sp

6、ecific cryogenic applications, the manufacturerand purchaser shall agree upon the actual temperature limitsand physical property requirements in addition to the k-factorsin Appendix X1.1.3 The use of thermal insulation materials covered by thisspecification may be regulated by building codes that ad

7、dressfire performance. For some end uses, specifiers should alsoaddress the effect of moisture. Guidelines regarding these enduse considerations are included in Appendix X1.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconver

8、sions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices

9、 and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments a

10、nd Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Prop-erties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC 272 Test Method for Water Absorption of Core Materialsfor Structural Sandwich ConstructionsC 303 Test Method for Dimensions and

11、 Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow

12、Meter ApparatusC 550 Test Method for Measuring Trueness and Squarenessof Rigid Block and Board Thermal InsulationC 870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-terialsC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC 1058 Practice for Selecting T

13、emperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC 1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Thin-Heater ApparatusC 1303 Test Method for Predicting Long-Term ThermalResistance of Closed-Cell Foam InsulationC 1363 Test Method for T

14、hermal Performance of BuildingMaterials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a HotBox Apparatus1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 onOrganic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Cu

15、rrent edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 578 08b.2This specification is similar to ISO 4898-1984, “Cellular PlasticsSpecificationfor Rigid Cellular Materials Used in the Thermal Insulation of Buildings,” in titleo

16、nly. The scope and technical content are significantly different.ISO standards are available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI),25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Custom

17、er Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Te

18、rms Relating toPlasticsD 1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties Of RigidCellular PlasticsD 1622 Test Method forApparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD 2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD 2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum OxygenConcent

19、ration to Support Candle-Like Combustion ofPlastics (Oxygen Index)E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 96/E 96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterialsE 176 Terminology of Fire Standards3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this specific

20、ation are defined in Termi-nology C 168.3.1.2 Terms used in this specification that relate to firestandards are defined in Terminology E 176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 EPSletter designation for the molded expandedpolystyrene thermal insulation classified by this specifi

21、cation.It is defined as cellular plastic product manufactured frompre-expanded polystyrene beads subsequently molded intodesired shapes and sizes resulting in a product which is rigidwith closed cellular structure.3.2.2 RCPSletter designations for the rigid cellular poly-styrene thermal insulation c

22、lassified by this specification thatidentifies the product as rigid cellular polystyrene.3.2.3 PSused in this specification to represent polystyrenein accordance with Terminology D 1600.3.2.4 XPSletter designation for the extruded expandedpolystyrene thermal insulation classified by this specificati

23、on.It is defined as cellular plastic product manufactured in a onestage process by extrusion and expansion of the base polymerin the presence of blowing agent(s) resulting in a productwhich is rigid with closed cellular structure.4. Classification4.1 This specification covers types of RCPS thermal i

24、nsu-lations currently commercially available as described by thephysical property requirements in Table 1.5. Ordering Information5.1 Acquisition documents shall specify the following:5.1.1 Title, number, and year of this specification,5.1.2 Type (see Table 1),5.1.3 R-value or thickness required (see

25、 Tables 1 and 2),5.1.3.1 Thermal Resistance/Thickness RelationshipThethermal resistance (R-value) and the thermal resistivity (R-value/inch) of RCPS thermal insulation may vary with thick-ness. Therefore, when ordering, specify the R-value or thethickness, or both. For additional information, see Pr

26、acticeC 1045.5.1.4 Density, if other than specified in Table 1,5.1.5 Tolerance, if other than specified (see 8.2),5.1.6 Length and width required (see Table 2 and 8.1),5.1.7 If other than straight edges are required (see 8.3),5.1.8 If either ship-lap or tongue-and-groove edges arerequired (see 8.6),

27、5.1.9 Tapered Insulationspecial ordering information. Inaddition to other applicable requirements in Section 5 (Note 1),acquisition documents for tapered RCPS thermal insulationshall specify the following:5.1.9.1 Minimum starting thickness,5.1.9.2 Slope, in./ft (mm/m),5.1.9.3 Average R-value,5.1.9.4

28、 Minimum thickness,5.1.9.5 Shop DrawingsThe tapered insulation suppliershall provide shop drawings to illustrate installation patternsand dimensions for each tapered module,5.1.10 Sampling, if different (see 10.1),5.1.11 If a certificate of compliance is required (see 14.1),and5.1.12 If marking is o

29、ther than specified (see 15.1).NOTE 1Physical properties of tapered insulation should be deter-mined on blocks of RCPS thermal insulation before the insulation istapered.5.1.13 Type XIIISpecial ordering information. In additionto other applicable requirements in Section 5, acquisitiondocuments for T

30、ype XIII thermal insulation shall specify ifpresence of surface skins is required.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 RCPS thermal insulation shall be formed by the expan-sion of polystyrene resin beads or granules in a closed mold, orby the expansion of polystyrene base resin in an extrusionprocess. RC

31、PS thermal insulation shall be of uniform densityand have essentially closed cells. All RCPS thermal insulationshall contain sufficient flame retardants to meet the oxygenindex requirements of Table 1.7. Physical Requirements Physical Requirements7.1 Inspection Requirements:7.1.1 The physical requir

32、ements listed in this section aredefined as inspection requirements (refer to Practice C 390).7.1.2 All dimensional requirements are described in Section8.7.1.3 All workmanship, finish, and appearance requirementsare described in Section 9.7.1.4 Density shall be in accordance with Table 1.NOTE 2For

33、lots of 150 units or less, the tightened inspection samplingplan in Practice C 390 will be followed.7.2 Qualification Requirements:7.2.1 The physical properties listed in this section of thespecification are defined as qualification requirements (refer toPractice C 390). Thermal resistance, compress

34、ive resistance,flexural strength, water vapor permeance, water absorption,dimensional stability, and oxygen index shall be in accordancewith Table 1. The average test value based upon testing thenumber of test specimens required by the specified test methodC578092for each physical property or Sectio

35、n 11 of this specificationshall be used to determine compliance.7.2.2 The mean thermal resistance of the material testedshall not be less than the minimum value identified in Table 1.TABLE 1 Physical Property Requirements of RCPS Thermal InsulationNOTE 1The values for properties listed in this table

36、 may be affected by the presence of a surface skin which is a result of the manufacturing process.The values for Type XIII properties listed in this table must be generated on material with the surface skin removed. Where products are tested withskins-in-place, this condition shall be noted in the t

37、est report.NOTE 2Type III has been deleted because it is no longer available.NOTE 3In addition to the thermal resistance values in Table 1, values at mean temperatures of 25 6 2F (-4 6 1C), 40 6 2F (4 6 1C), and 1106 2F (43 6 1C) are provided in X1.8 for information purposes.NOTE 4For Type XIII, in

38、addition to the Thermal resistance property requirements shown in Table 1, there are Apparent Thermal Conductivityproperty values shown for informational purposes in Table X1.2 of Appendix X1.NOTE 5Values quoted are maximum vales for 1.00 in. (25.4 mm) thick samples with natural skins intact. Lower

39、values will result for thickermaterials. Where water vapor permeance is a design issue, consult manufacturer.NOTE 6Types XI, I, VIII, II, IX, XIV and XV are typically EPS insulation. Types XII, X, XIII, IV, VI, VII and V are typically XPS insulation.Classification TypeXITypeITypeVIIITypeIITypeIXType

40、XIVTypeXVTypeXIITypeXTypeIITypeXIIITypeIVTypeIXTypeVITypeXIVTypeVIITypeXVTypeVCompressiveresistance atyield or 10 %deformation,whicheveroccurs first(with skins intact),min, psi (kPa)5.0(35)10.0(69)13.0(90)15.0(104)25.0(173)40.0(276)60.0(414)15.0(104)15.0(104)15.0(104)20.0(138)25.0(173)25.0(173)40.0(

41、276)40.0(276)60.0(414)60.0(414)100.0(690)Thermal resistanceof1.00-in. (25.4-mm)thickness, min,Fft2h/Btu (Km2/W)Mean temperature:75 6 2F(24 6 1C)3.1(0.55)3.6(0.63)3.8(0.67)4.0(0.70)4.2(0.74)4.2(0.74)4.3(0.76)4.6(0.81)5.0(0.88)4.0(0.70)3.9(0.68)5.0(0.88)4.2(0.74)5.0(0.88)4.2(0.74)5.0(0.88)4.3(0.76)5.0

42、(0.88)Flexural strength,min, psi (kPa)10.0(70)25.0(173)30.0(208)35.0(240)50.0(345)60.0(414)75.0(517)40.0(276)40.0(276)35.0(240)45.0(310)50.0(345)50.0(345)60.0(414)60.0(414)75.0(517)75.0(517)100.0(690)Water vaporpermeance of1.00-in. (25.4-mm) thickness(See Note 5.),max, perm (ng/Pasm2)5.0(287)5.0(287

43、)3.5(201)3.5(201)2.5(143)2.5(143)2.5(143)1.5(86)1.5(86)3.5(201)1.5(86)1.5(86)2.5(143)1.1(63)2.5(143)1.1(63)2.5(143)1.1(63)Water absorptionby total immersion,max, volume %4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.3 0.3 3.0 0.5 0.3 2.0 0.3 2.0 0.3 2.0 0.3Dimensional stability(change in dimen-sions),max,%2.0 2.0 2

44、.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Oxygen index,min, volume %24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0Density,min, lb/ft3(kg/m3)0.70(12)0.90(15)1.15(18)1.35(22)1.80(29)2.40(38)2.85(46)1.20(19)1.30(21)1.35(22)1.60(26)1.55(25)1

45、.80(29)1.80(29)2.40(38)2.20(35)2.85(46)3.00(48)TABLE 2 Common Dimensions of RCPS Thermal InsulationType XI, I, VIII, II, IX, XIV, XV X, IV, XII VI, VII V XIIIWidth, in. (mm) 12 to 48 (305 to 1219) 16, 24, 48 (406, 610, 1219) 24 (610) 16 (406) 14 to 20 (356 to508)Length, in. (mm) 48 to 192 (1219 to 4

46、877) 48, 96 108 (1219, 2438, 2743) 48, 96, (1219, 2438) 96 (2438) 36 to 112 (914 to2845)Thickness, in. (mm)38 to 24 (9.5 to 610)12 to 4 (13 to 102) 1 to 4 (25 to 102) 1 to 4 (25 to 102) 7 to 10 (178 to254)C578093The thermal resistances of individual specimens tested shallnot be less than 90 % of the

47、 minimum value identified in Table1.7.2.3 Compliance with qualification requirements shall bein accordance with Practice C 390.7.3 Table 1 describes types of RCPS thermal insulation.However, it does not cover all available products on themarket. The values stated in Table 1 are not intended to be us

48、edas design values. It is the buyers responsibility to specifydesign requirements and obtain supporting documentationfrom the material supplier.7.4 Combustibility CharacteristicsRCPS thermal insula-tion is an organic material and is, therefore, combustible. Itshall not be exposed to flames or other

49、ignition sources. Thevalues obtained by the oxygen index test (see Table 1 and11.10) do not necessarily indicate or describe the fire risk of thematerials and are used in this specification primarily todistinguish between insulations formulated with flame retar-dants and those not so formulated.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 The materials covered by this specification are com-monly available in the sizes shown in Table 2. Other sizes shallbe agreed upon between the supplier and the user.8.2 Dimensional TolerancesUnless otherwis