ASTM C198-2002(2008) Standard Test Method for Cold Bonding Strength of Refractory Mortar.pdf
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1、Designation: C 198 02 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method forCold Bonding Strength of Refractory Mortar1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 198; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bond-ing strength of air-setting refractory mortar by determining theflexur
3、al strength (modulus of rupture) at room temperature ofoven-dried brick-mortar joints.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard
4、.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced
5、Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (UsingSimple Beam with Third-Point Loading)C 133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC 651 Test Method for Flexural Strength of ManufacturedCarbon and Graphite Articles Using Fou
6、r-Point Loading atRoom TemperatureE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Significance and Use3.1 The data developed by this test method show thebonding strength and intrinsic strength of different qualities ofair-setting mortar. The procedures described in this test methodmeasure
7、the bonding strength and intrinsic strength of air-setting mortars when used with specific brands or lots ofrefractory brick.3.2 Note that it is possible to obtain results with thesemethods for brick and mortar combinations which are incom-patible for use at high operating temperatures. The user mus
8、tdetermine this compatibility. Only brick and mortar combina-tions known or intended to be compatible for a particular useshould be tested.3.3 Properties of the brick, including its strength, apparentporosity, and pore size distribution, can affect the measurementof both the bonding strength of the
9、brick-mortar composite andthe intrinsic strength of the mortar. The average modulus ofrupture of the test brick, as determined by Test Method C 133,should exceed that expected for the mortar being tested. Thetesting of specific brands or lots of brick and mortar ispreferred.3.4 Three modes of failur
10、e are available: the break mayoccur within the brick itself, at the brick-mortar interface, orwithin the mortar itself. The latter provides a practical mea-surement of the strength of the mortar itself and is thepredominant mode of failure with the four-point flexure testdescribed. The three-point f
11、lexure test measures the failurestrength of the brick-mortar composite. Failure within the brickitself suggests that either the particular brick contained aserious flaw, or that the mortar joint strength is of the samemagnitude or greater than that of the refractory brick. Themode of failure should
12、always be reported in the final report.3.5 A ruggedness test for this test method3performed in1985 found the following variables to be rugged: specimen size(2.5 to 3.0 in.), mortared surface (cut versus uncut), jointthickness (116 to18 in.), pulling of rods (fast versus slow), theloading rate (500 t
13、o 1000 lbf/min), the method of loadapplication (3- versus 4-point), and the operator.3.6 The cold bonding strengths of refractory mortars ob-tained by this test method are suitable for use in research anddevelopment, quality control, and for establishing and evalu-ating compliance with specification
14、s between producers andconsumers.4. Apparatus4.1 BrickAt least five 9 by 414 by 212-in. (230 by 114 by65-mm) straight brick having plane surfaces and true rectan-gular shape and an average modulus of rupture higher than that1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefracto
15、ries and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originallyapproved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 198 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact AST
16、M Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Supporting data on ruggedness testing is available from ASTM International.Request RR:C-8-1008.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor D
17、rive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.expected from the mortar under test, when determined inaccordance with Test Methods C 133, compose a sample.4.2 Spacing RodsTwo joint-thickness spacing rods madeof116-in. (2-mm) diameter drill rod cut into 4-in. (102-mm)lengths.4.3 O
18、venAdrying oven to accommodate at least five 9-in.(230-mm) straight brick standing on end, and for use at 220 to230F (105 to 110C).4.4 Testing MachineA standard mechanical or hydrauliccompression testing machine conforming to the requirementsof Practices E4and having a sensitivity of 20 lbf or less
19、in therange from 0 to 4000 lbf (17.8 kN) may be used.4.5 Loading FixtureThe fixtures shall provide load bear-ing blocks which ensure that the forces are applied normal tothe beam without eccentricity. The directions of loads andreactions may be maintained parallel by judicious use oflinkages, roller
20、 bearings, and flexure plates. Eccentricity ofloading can be avoided by the use of spherical bearings.4.5.1 Test Methods C 133 provide illustrations of three-point loading fixtures which meet the above requirements. Oneacceptable four-point loading fixture is illustrated in TestMethod C78. Another i
21、s illustrated in Test Method C 651. Thespan length, L, of the support blocks shall be 7.00 6 0.05 in.(178 6 1 mm). The span length, l, of the load-applying blocksfor four-point loading shall be 2.33 6 0.05 in. (59 6 1 mm)(see Figs. 1 and 2).5. Sampling5.1 Wet MortarsThe sample of mortar shall be a p
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