ASTM C1567-2013 Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)《.pdf

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1、Designation: C1567 11C1567 13Standard Test Method forDetermining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity ofCombinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate(Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1567; the number immediately following the designation in

2、dicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method permits detection with

3、in 16 days of the potential for deleterious alkali-silica reaction of combinations ofcementitious materials and aggregate in mortar bars. The cementitious materials are composed of various proportions of hydrauliccement, pozzolans and ground granulated blast-furnace slag.1.2 The test results are onl

4、y valid for the specific combinations of pozzolan, slag, and reactive aggregates tested.1.3 This test is not suitable for evaluating the potential for deleterious reaction of combinations of hydraulic cement andaggregate (that is, in the absence of pozzolans or ground granulated blast-furnace slag).

5、1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish a

6、ppropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in the section on Reagents.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars

7、(Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse AggregateC128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine AggregateC1

8、50 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar,

9、 and ConcreteC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in

10、 ConcreteC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and MortarsC1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious MixturesC1260 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggreg

11、ates (Mortar-Bar Method)C1293 Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica ReactionC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement MortarD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves1 This test method is under

12、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.26 onChemical Reactions.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011Jan. 1, 2013. Published September 2011February 2013. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approve

13、d in 20082011as C156708.11. DOI: 10.1520/C1567-11.10.1520/C1567-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM we

14、bsite.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult pri

15、or editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194

16、28-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to concrete or aggregates, see Terminology C125.3.2 relative density (OD), nas defined in Test Methods C127 or C128, for coarse and fine aggregates, respectively.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method p

17、rovides a means for evaluating the ability of pozzolans and ground granulated blast-furnace slag to controldeleterious internal expansion due to alkali-silica reaction when used with an aggregate intended for use in concrete. It is basedon the Accelerated Test Method developed at the National Buildi

18、ng Research Institute (NBRI) in the Republic of South Africa(1-4).34.2 This test method has been developed for evaluating combinations of certain cementitious materials with a single aggregatesource in a mortar of standard proportions. It yields an empirical result, which is utilized to compare to c

19、riteria within somespecifications to accept or reject the combination of materials being evaluated for a particular application. Currently this methodhas no standard procedure for testing fine and coarse aggregates proposed for use in concrete together in a single batch of mortar,nor for varying the

20、 proportions of the constituent materials of the mortar beyond the relative proportions of the individualcementitious material constituents to each other, as the significance of these practices have not been determined nor haveappropriate limits been established for evaluating the results of tests c

21、onducted using these modifications.4.3 Results obtained using this test method may overestimate the reactivity of some types of aggregates if used in service withthe same pozzolans or slag and hydraulic cement of low alkali content.4.4 Different levels of pozzolan and ground granulated blast-furnace

22、 slag may require testing to determine the amount requiredto reduce expansion to an acceptable level. Pozzolans and ground granulated blast-furnace slag may be tested separately or incombination.4.5 It is recommended to test the same aggregate and hydraulic cement (without pozzolans and slag) using

23、Test Method C1260.4.6 This test method may underestimate the expansion of cementitious systems containing pozzolans with an alkali content 4.0 % sodium oxide equivalent (7-9). It is recommended that such materials be tested using Test Method C1293.5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus shall conform to Pract

24、ice C490, except as follows:5.2 SievesSquare hole, woven-wire cloth sieves, shall conform to Specification E11.5.3 Mixer, Paddle, and Mixing BowlMixer, paddle, and mixing bowl shall conform to the requirements of Practice C305,except that the clearance between the lower end of the paddle and the bot

25、tom of the bowl shall be 5.1 6 0.3 mm.5.4 Tamper and TrowelThe tamper and trowel shall conform to Test Method C109/C109M.5.5 ContainersThe containers shall be of such a nature that the bars can be totally immersed in either the water or 1N sodiumhydroxide (NaOH) solution. The containers shall be mad

26、e of material that can withstand prolonged exposure to 80 C and mustbe resistant to a 1N NaOH solution (see Note 1). The containers must be so constructed that when used for storing specimens, theloss or gain of moisture is prevented by tight-fitting covers, by sealing, or both (see Note 2). The bar

27、s in the solution must be placedand supported so that the solution has access to the entire surface of each bar; therefore, ensure that the specimens do not touchthe sides of the container or each other. The specimens, if stood upright in the solution, shall not be supported by the metal gagestud.NO

28、TE 1The NaOH solution corrodes glass or metal containers.NOTE 2Some microwave-proof food storage containers made of polypropylene or high-density polythylene have been found to be acceptable.5.6 Oven, or Water BathA convection oven or water bath with temperature control maintaining 80.0 6 2.0 C.6. R

29、eagents6.1 Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)USP or technical grade may be used, provided the Na+ and OH- concentrations are shown bychemical analysis to lie between 0.99N and 1.01N.6.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming toType IV

30、 of Specification D1193.6.3 Sodium Hydroxide SolutionEach litre of solution shall contain 40.0 g of NaOH dissolved in 900 mL of water, and shallbe diluted with additional distilled or deionized water to obtain 1.0 L of solution. The volume proportion of sodium hydroxide3 The boldface numbers in pare

31、ntheses refer to a list of references at the end of the text.C1567 132solution to mortar bars in a storage container shall be 4 6 0.5 volumes of solution to 1 volume of mortar bars. The volume of amortar bar may be taken as 184 mL. Include sufficient test solution to ensure complete immersion of the

32、 mortar bars.6.3.1 WarningBefore using NaOH, review: (1) the safety precautions for using NaOH; (2) first aid for burns; and (3) theemergency response to spills, as described in the manufacturers Material Safety Data Sheet or other reliable safety literature.NaOH can cause very severe burns and inju

33、ry to unprotected skin and eyes. Suitable personal protective equipment must alwaysbe used. These include full-face shields, rubber aprons, and gloves impervious to NaOH. Gloves must be checked periodically forpinholes.7. Conditioning7.1 Maintain the temperature of the molding room and dry materials

34、 at not less than 20 C and not more than 27.5 C. Thetemperature of the mixing water, and of the moist closet or moist room, shall not vary from 23 C by more than 2 C.7.2 Maintain the relative humidity of the molding room at not less than 50 %. The moist closet or room shall conform toSpecification C

35、511.7.3 Maintain the storage oven or water bath in which the specimens are stored at a temperature of 80.0 6 2.0 C.8. Sampling and Preparation of Test Specimens8.1 Selection ofAggregateProcess materials proposed for use as fine aggregate in concrete as described in 8.2 with a minimumof crushing. Pro

36、cess materials proposed for use as coarse aggregate in concrete by crushing to produce as nearly as practical agraded product from which a sample can be obtained. Grade the sample as prescribed in Table 1. The sample shall represent thecomposition of the coarse aggregate as proposed for use.8.1.1 Wh

37、en a given quarried material is proposed for use both as coarse and as fine aggregate, test only a selection of the fineaggregate, unless there is reason to expect that the coarse aggregate has a different composition than the fine aggregate. If sucha difference is expected and if the differences mi

38、ght significantly affect expansion due to reaction with the alkalies in cement orfrom the environment of service, test the coarse aggregate in a manner similar to that employed in testing the fine aggregate.8.2 Preparation of AggregateGrade aggregates to provide a sample meeting the requirements giv

39、en in Table 1. Crushaggregates in which sufficient quantities of the sizes specified in Table 1 do not exist until the required material has been produced.In the case of aggregates containing insufficient amounts of one or more of the larger sizes listed in Table 1, and if no largermaterial is avail

40、able for crushing, the first size in which sufficient material is available shall contain the cumulative percentage ofmaterial down to that size as determined from the grading specified in Table 1. When such procedures are required, make a specialnote thereof in the test report.After the aggregate h

41、as been separated into the various sieve sizes, wash each size with a water sprayover the sieve to remove adhering dust and fine particles from the aggregate. Dry the portions retained on the various sieves and,unless used immediately, store each such portion individually in a clean container provid

42、ed with a tight-fitting cover.8.3 Selection and Preparation of Cement:8.3.1 Hydraulic CementUse a hydraulic cement meeting the requirements of Specification C150 (Note 3). In addition, theautoclave expansion in Test Method C151 shall be less than 0.20 %.NOTE 3The alkali content of the cement has bee

43、n found to have negligible (3) or minor (6) effects on expansion in this test.8.3.2 Preparation of CementPass cement for use in this test through an 850-m (No. 20) sieve to remove lumps before use.8.4 Selection of pozzolan or ground granulated blast-furnace slagUse one, or a combination, of the foll

44、owing:8.4.1 Fly ash or natural pozzolan meeting the requirements of Specification C618.8.4.2 Silica fume meeting the requirements of Specification C1240.8.4.3 Ground granulated blast furnace slag meeting the requirements of Specification C989.8.5 Preparation of Test Specimens:8.5.1 Number of Specime

45、nsMake at least three test specimens for each cementitious materials-aggregate combination.8.5.2 Preparation of MoldsPrepare the specimen molds in accordance with the requirements of Practice C490 except, theinterior surfaces of the molds shall be covered with a release agent (see Note 4). A release

46、 agent is acceptable if it serves as aparting agent without affecting the time of setting of the cement and without leaving any residue that will inhibit the penetrationof water into the specimen.TABLE 1 Grading RequirementsSieve Size Mass, %Passing Retained on4.75 mm (No. 4) 2.36 mm (No. 8) 102.36

47、mm (No. 8) 1.18 mm (No. 16) 251.18 mm (No. 16) 600 m (No. 30) 25600 m (No. 30) 300 m (No. 50) 25300 m (No. 50) 150 m (No. 100) 15C1567 133NOTE 4TFE-fluorocarbon tape complies with the requirements for a mold release agent.8.5.3 Proportioning of MortarProportion the dry materials for the test mortar

48、using 1 part of cementitious materials (hydrauliccement plus pozzolan or ground granulated blast-furnace slag) to 2.25 parts of graded aggregate by mass for aggregates with arelative density (OD) at or above 2.45. For aggregates with a relative density (OD) below 2.45, determine the aggregate propor

49、tionas follows:Aggregate Proportion52.253 D2.65where:D = relative density (OD) of test aggregate.8.5.3.1 For aggregates with a relative density (OD) equal to or greater than 2.45, the quantities of dry materials to be mixed atone time in the batch of mortar for making three specimens shall be 440 g of cementitious material and 990 g of aggregate madeup by recombining the portions retained on the various sieves in the grading prescribed in Table 1. Use a water-cement ratio equalto 0.47 by mass (see Note 5).8.5.3.2 For aggregates with a relati