ASTM C1272-2016b Standard Specification for Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick《供重型车辆通过的路面砖的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1272 16bStandard Specification forHeavy Vehicular Paving Brick1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1272; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe

2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as apaving material in areas with a high volume of heavy vehiculartraffic. The units are designed for u

3、se in such places as streets,commercial driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units arenot intended for applications covered by Specifications C410or C902.1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similarnaturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heattreatment at elevated tempe

4、ratures (firing). The heat treatmentmust develop sufficient fired bond between the particulateconstituents to provide the strength and durability requirementsof this specification (see Terminology C1232).1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding,molding, or pressing. Brick may have spa

5、cing lugs, chamferededges, or both.1.4 Use of this standard and the requirements herein toevaluate and corroborate the performance of a paving unitmade from other materials, or made with other formingmethods, or other means of binding the materials is not coveredby the scope of this standard.1.5 The

6、 values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick a

7、ndStructural Clay TileC88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use ofSodium Sulfate or Magnesium SulfateC410 Specification for Industrial Floor BrickC418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete bySandblastingC902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic PavingBrickC1232 Terminolo

8、gy of MasonryE303 Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Proper-ties Using the British Pendulum Tester3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are definedin Terminology C1232.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 heavy vehicular traffchigh volume of heav

9、y ve-hicles representing trucks or combination vehicles having 3 ormore loaded axles.3.2.1.1 DiscussionHigh volume traffic is considered toexceed 251 daily Equivalent Single Axle Loads (ESAL).Defined by the American Association of State Highway Trans-portation Officials (AASHTO), an ESAL converts a

10、mix ofaxle loads on a pavement to an equivalent number of 18,000 lb(80 kN) single axle loads.4. Classification4.1 TypesHeavy vehicular paving brick are classified bytype according to their intended installation:4.1.1 Type RBrick intended to be set in a mortar settingbed supported by an adequate conc

11、rete base; or an bituminoussetting bed supported by an adequate asphalt or concrete base.4.1.2 Type FBrick intended to be set in a sand setting bed,with sand joints, and supported by an adequate base.4.2 ApplicationsHeavy vehicular paving brick are classi-fied by application according to their dimen

12、sional tolerances,warpage, and extent of chips.4.2.1 Application PSPavers intended for general use.4.2.2 Application PXPavers intended for use where ahigher degree of precision and a lower permissible variation indimensional tolerances and warpage are required than forApplication PS.4.2.3 Applicatio

13、n PAPavers intended to produce charac-teristic architectural effects resulting from nonuniformity insize, color, and texture.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC15.02 on Brick and Structural

14、 Clay Tile.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C1272 16a. DOI:10.1520/C1272-16B.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. F

15、or Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis i

16、nternational standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)

17、 Committee.15. Physical Properties5.1 Freeze Thaw ResistanceUse one of the followingmethods:5.1.1 Physical Property RequirementsThe brick shall con-form to the physical requirements for the type specified asprescribed in Table 1.5.1.2 Freezing and Thawing AlternativeThe 24-h coldwater absorption req

18、uirements specified in 5.1.1 shall not berequired provided a sample of five brick, meeting all otherrequirements, passes the 50 cycle freezing-and-thawing test inTest Methods C67 with not greater than 0.5 % loss in dryweight of any individual unit.NOTE 1The provisions of 5.1.2 are specified only as

19、an alternativewhen the sample does not conform to the requirements 24-h for cold waterabsorption prescribed in Table 1.5.1.2.1 Sulfate Soundness Test AlternativeThe 24-h coldwater absorption requirements specified in 5.1.1 shall not berequired if a representative sample of five brick survives 15cycl

20、es of the sulfate soundness test in accordance with Sections4, 5, and 8 of Test Method C88 with no visible damage.NOTE 2The sulfate soundness test is an optional substitute test for thefreezing-and-thawing test (5.1.2).5.1.3 Performance AlternativeIf information on the per-formance over time of simi

21、lar units in a similar applicationwith similar exposure and traffic is furnished by the manufac-turer or the manufacturers agent and is found acceptable to thespecifier of the pavement material or the specifiers agent, thephysical requirements in 5.1.1 or the size requirements in 7.2shall not be req

22、uired.5.2 Abrasion ResistanceEach individual brick tested shallmeet the requirements of either the Abrasion Index column orthe Volume Abrasion Loss column of Table 2.5.2.1 Abrasion IndexThe abrasion index is calculatedfrom the 24-h cold water absorption in percent and thecompressive strength in poun

23、ds per square inch as follows:abrasion index 5100 3absorptioncompressive strength(1)5.2.1.1 The compressive strength shall be determined onhalf-brick, which are the full height (no less than 214 in. (57mm) and width of the unit, and with a length equal to one halfthe full length of the unit (614 in.

24、 (66 mm) for eachdimension). For abrasion index testing purposes, the brick shallbe without core holes, frogs or other perforations. Other shapedspecimens may be used provided that a correlation is estab-lished with the results of the specified shape and the results areconverted to be equivalent to

25、those that would be obtained withthe specified shape.5.2.1.2 In those cases where the height requirements fordetermining compressive strength cannot be met, the abrasionresistance should be determined according to the volumeabrasion loss method.5.2.2 Volume Abrasion LossThe volume abrasion lossshoul

26、d be determined in accordance with Test Method C418,with the following changes in procedure:5.2.2.1 The sand shall be a natural silica sand from Ottawa,IL, graded to pass a No. 50 (300-m) sieve and retained on aNo. 100 (150-m) sieve.5.2.2.2 The test shall be run on dry brick.5.2.2.3 The duration of

27、the test shall be 2 min.5.2.2.4 The rate of sand flow shall be 400 g/min.5.2.2.5 The volume loss shall be determined by filling theabraded depression with modeling clay, striking off level withthe original surface of the brick, and removing and weighingthe modeling clay. The volume loss shall be cal

28、culated from thebulk density of the modeling clay. The bulk density should bedetermined on each lot of modeling clay. An alternativemethod of determining the weight of clay used in filling thesandblast cavity is to determine the weight of the modelingclay sample before and after filling the cavity.5

29、.3 Skid ResistanceWhen specified, the units shall betested for skid resistance in accordance with Test MethodE303.5.4 CoringThe brick shall be without core holes or otherperforations.5.5 Chips or CracksThe brick shall be free of chips orcracks larger than those listed in this specification that woul

30、dsignificantly impair the performance of the system.6. Efflorescence6.1 When specified, the units shall be tested for efflores-cence in accordance with Test Methods C67. The units shall besampled at the place of manufacture.7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations7.1 The size of the brick shall be a

31、s specified by thepurchaser.7.2 The minimum specified thickness of the unit depends onthe Type and shall be as follows:7.2.1 Type R214 in. (57.2 mm).7.2.2 Type F258 in. (66.7 mm).7.3 When chamfers are specified by the purchaser, thedimensions required in 7.2.2 are exclusive of chamfers.TABLE 1 Physi

32、cal RequirementsTypeMinimum Compressive Strength, GrossArea, psi (MPa)Minimum Breaking Load,lb/in. (kN/mm)Maximum 24-h ColdWater Absorption, %Avg. of 5 Brick Individual Avg. of 5 Brick Individual Avg. of 5 Brick IndividualR 8000 (55.2) 7000 (48.3) . . . . . . 6.0 7.0F 10 000 (69.0) 8800 (60.7) 475 (

33、83) 333 (58) 6.0 7.0TABLE 2 Abrasion RequirementsAType Abrasion Index, max Volume Abrasion Loss,max, cm3/cm2R and F 0.11 1.7ASee 5.2.1 and 5.2.2 for additional information.C1272 16b27.4 Lugs shall project no greater than18 in. (3.2 mm), unlessotherwise specified.NOTE 3Lugs may be used to provide a m

34、inimum joint size. Whenpavers are used in permeable paving assemblies, lugs may be larger than18 in. (3.2 mm).7.4.1 When lugs are specified by the purchaser, the size ofthe brick and its associated dimensional tolerances shallinclude the lugs.NOTE 4Some manufacturers have the option of making brick

35、withlugs in different locations. When the pavers are placed such that the lugsare directly opposed to each other, the dimension measurement shallinclude both lugs. When the pavers are placed in a manner where the lugsare offset, or when lugs are only on one side of the unit, the dimensionmeasurement

36、 shall include one lug only.7.5 In the sample of units, no unit shall depart from thespecified size by more than the individual tolerance for theapplication specified as prescribed in Table 3. Type F pavingbrick shall conform to Application PX only.7.6 Tolerances for warpage of surfaces or edges int

37、ended tobe exposed in use from a plane surface and from a straight line,respectively, shall not exceed the maximum for the applicationspecified as prescribed in Table 4. Type F paving brick shallconform to Application PX only.8. Finish and Appearance8.1 If brick having a particular color, color rang

38、e, or textureare desired, these features shall be specified separately by thepurchaser. The texture of the finished face shall conform to anapproved sample consisting of not less than four brick, eachrepresenting the texture desired. The color range shall beindicated by the approved sample.8.2 Other

39、 than chips, the finished faces of the brick shall befree of cracks or other imperfections detracting from theappearance of a designated sample when viewed from adistance of 20 ft (6 m) under diffused lighting. If brick havinga particular color, color range, or texture are desired, thesefeatures sha

40、ll be specified separately by the purchaser. Thetexture of the finished face shall conform to an approvedsample consisting of not less than four brick, each representingthe texture desired. The color range shall be indicated by theapproved sample.8.3 The finished faces of the brick shall be free of

41、chips thatexceed the limits given in Table 5. The cumulative length ofchips on the finished face of a single unit shall not exceed 10 %of the perimeter of that face.8.4 A delivery shall contain not more than 5 % brick that donot meet the combined requirements of Tables 3-5, includingbroken brick.8.5

42、 After brick are placed in usage, the requirements forchippage and tolerances do not apply in determining compli-ance with this specification.9. Sampling and Testing9.1 The brick shall be sampled and tested in accordancewith applicable sections in Test Methods C67.9.2 The manufacturer or the seller

43、shall furnish specimensfor tests. The place or places of selection shall be designatedwhen the purchase order is placed.NOTE 5Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the cost oftests is typically borne as follows: If the results of the tests show that thebrick do not conform to the require

44、ments of this specification, the cost istypically borne by the seller. If the results of the tests show that the brickdo conform to the requirements of this specification, the cost is typicallyborne by the purchaser.10. Keywords10.1 brick; fired masonry units; pavement surfacesTABLE 3 Tolerances on

45、DimensionsDimension, in. (mm) Permissible Variation, max, in. (mm)Application PS Application PX Application PA3 (76) and under18 (3.2)116 (1.6) no limitOver 3 to 5 (76 to 127)316 (4.7)332 (2.4) no limitOver 5 to 8 (127 to 203)14 (6.4)18 (3.2) no limitOver 8 (203)516 (7.9)732 (5.6) no limitTABLE 4 To

46、lerances on WarpageSpecified Dimension, in.(mm)Permissible Warpage, max, in. (mm)Application PS Application PX Application PA8 (203) and under332 (2.4)116 (1.6) no limitOver 8 (203) to 12 (305)18 (3.2)332 (2.4) no limitOver 12 (305) to 16 (406)532 (4.0)18 (3.2) no limitTABLE 5 Maximum Permissible Ex

47、tent of Chippage from Edgesand CornersApplication Chippage, in. (mm) in fromEdge CornerPS and PX516 (7.9)12 (12.7)PA no limit no limitC1272 16b3SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C15 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1272 16a) that may impact the use of

48、this standard. (December 1, 2016)(1) The definition of a joint was modified in Note 3 for clarity.Committee C15 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1272 16) that may impact the use of this standard. (June 1, 2016)(1) Note 3 was modified to address l

49、ugs in permeable pavingassemblies.Committee C15 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1272 15) that may impact the use of this standard. (January 15, 2016)(1) Changed heading in Table 1 to reference the proper coldwater absorption test.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such