ASTM C121 C121M-2015 Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Slate《石板吸水性的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: C121/C121M 091C121/C121M 15Standard Test Method forWater Absorption of Slate1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C121/C121M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A

2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEIn 8.3, the first SI value in brackets was corrected from 0 to 20 editorially in May 2011.INTRODUCTIONIt is often desirable to gain some idea

3、 of the porosity of a material in question. Actualdeterminations of the pore space require the use of rather elaborate and refined equipment as well asconsiderable precision in carrying out the tests. For comparative purposes the absorption test affordsa simple and sufficiently accurate means of obt

4、aining the desired information. As applied to slate thistest requires somewhat more care and precision than many other materials because of its dense natureand, consequently, the small quantities to be dealt with. Furthermore, the cleavage of slatethatproperty which permits it to be split into thin

5、sheets of uniform thicknessmust be taken intoconsideration when this test is made. On this account misleading results are often obtained on cubicalspecimens due to accidental cleavage cracks in the specimens. The shapes of specimens and largernumber of specimens recommended in the following procedur

6、e are intended to eliminate to a largeextent the inconsistent results which may be obtained on this material.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water absorption of slate.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as stand

7、ard. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associat

8、ed with its use. It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension StoneC1799 Gu

9、ide to Dimension Stone Test Specimen Sampling and Preparation3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsAll definitions are in accordance with Terminology C119.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is useful in indicating the differences in water absorption of slates. This test method also provides oneeleme

10、nt in the comparison of slates.5. Test Specimens5.1 The test specimens shall consist of square or rectangular slabs from 316 to 516 in. 5 to 8 mm in thickness and not less than4 in. 100 mm on any side.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone and is the di

11、rect responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test Methods.Current edition approved April 1, 2009Oct. 15, 2015. Published April 2009November 2015. Originally approved in 1925 as C12125T. Last previous edition approvedin 20062009 as C12106.091. DOI: 10.1520/C0121_C0121M-09E01.10.1520/C0121_C0121M-15.

12、2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to

13、 provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof

14、 the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 Not less than six specimens shall be prepared from each sample of slate, the sample being considered as a

15、ny number ofpieces selected to represent a definite part or grade of the deposit.6. Sampling6.1 Select the sample to represent a true average of the type or grade of stone under consideration and of the quality suppliedto the market under the type designation to be tested. The sample may be selected

16、 by the purchaser or his authorized representativefrom the quarried stone or taken from the natural ledge and shall be of adequate size to permit the preparation of the desired numberof test specimens. When perceptible variations occur, the purchaser may select as many samples as are necessary for d

17、eterminingthe variations in water absorption of slate.NOTE 1Refer to Guide C1799 for additional information on selecting, preparing, and conditioning test specimens.7. Preparation of Specimens7.1 Split the slate to the required thickness and saw to size. When the specimens are prepared from shingles

18、 no saw cut shallbe nearer than 1 in. 25 mm to the sheared edge of the shingle.7.2 Free the specimens from loose particles by scrubbing with a fiber brush and clean water.8. Procedure, Preferred Method8.1 Dry the specimens for 48 h in a ventilated oven at a temperature of 140 6 4F 60 6 2C.At the 46t

19、h, 47th, and 48th hour,weigh the specimens to ensure that the weight is the same. If the weight continues to drop, continue to dry the specimens untilthere are three successive hourly readings with the same weight.8.2 After drying, cool the specimens in the room for 15 min and then weigh. When the s

20、pecimens cannot be weighedimmediately after cooling, place them in a desiccator. Determine the weight to the nearest 0.0005 oz 0.01 g.8.3 Entirely immerse the specimens in filtered or distilled water at approximately 68 6 9F 20 6 5C for 48 h, remove oneat a time, wipe the surface dry with a slightly

21、 damp, absorbent towel (Note 12) and immediately weigh each specimen to the nearest0.0005 oz 0.01 g.NOTE 2The operator should distinguish between a damp towel and a wet one. In starting the operation, the towel should be sprinkled lightly. Whenthe surface of the specimen is properly wiped off, it sh

22、ould appear dry.9. Procedure, Alternative Method9.1 Occasionally it is desirable to obtain results in a shorter period than that required by the procedure described in Section 8.In such cases, the 48 h immersion period may be supplanted by an 8 h boiling period (Note 23). In this alternative method

23、theoperations shall be the same as described in Section 8 up to that of immersion. Instead of allowing the specimens to soak for 48h place them in an enameled pan or other suitable vessel, cover with water, and boil for 8 h. Before the final weighing, cool thespecimens by allowing tap water to flow

24、over them for at least 30 min.NOTE 3Boiling for 8 h has been found to give practically the same saturation as immersion for 48 h.10. Calculation and Report10.1 Calculate the percentage of absorption as follows:Absorption,%5W22W1!/W1#3100 (1)where:W1 = weight of the dried specimen, oz g, andW2 = weig

25、ht of the specimen after immersion, oz g.10.2 Report the average of all the tests as the absorption of slate. All the determinations shall be reported as information.10.3 The following additional information shall also be reported: identification of the sample, including name and location ofthe quar

26、ry, name and position of the ledge, date when sample was taken, and trade name or grade of the slate.11. Precision and Bias11.1 Individual variations in a natural product may result in deviation from accepted values. A precision section will be addedwhen sufficient data are available to indicate acc

27、eptable tolerances in repeatability and reproducibility.C121/C121M 15212. Keywords12.1 dimension stone; slate; test; water absorptionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standar

28、d are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif

29、not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which

30、 you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,Uni

31、ted States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 153