ASTM B949-2013 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products《一般要求的锌及锌合金产品的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: B949 08B949 13Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B949; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r

2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification establishes general requirements, unless otherwise specified in the specific product specification

3、, forordering information, marking, and sampling for chemical analysis common to zinc and zinc alloy products and shall apply toSpecifications B6, B69, B86, B240, B327, B418, B750, B792, B793, B833, B852, B860, B892, B894, B897, B907, and B943 tothe extent referenced therein.1.2 Although this specif

4、ication establishes general requirements, it does not restrict that, by agreement between customer andsupplier, these requirements may be altered by a customer to suit individual need.1.3 The chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, and all other requirements not included in this sp

5、ecificationshall be prescribed in the product specification.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. This applies except wh

6、ere SI unitsonly are specified.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Data Sheet(MSDS) f

7、or this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B6 Specification for ZincB69 Specification for Rolled ZincB86 Specification

8、 for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die CastingsB240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die CastingsB327 Specification for Master Alloys Used in Making Zinc Die Casting AlloysB418 Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc AnodesB7

9、50 Specification for GALFAN (Zinc-5 % Aluminum-Mischmetal) Alloy in Ingot Form for Hot-Dip CoatingsB792 Specification for Zinc Alloys in Ingot Form for Slush CastingB793 Specification for Zinc Casting Alloy Ingot for Sheet Metal Forming Dies and Plastic Injection MoldsB833 Specification for Zinc and

10、 Zinc Alloy Wire for Thermal Spraying (Metallizing) for the Corrosion Protection of SteelB852 Specification for Continuous Galvanizing Grade (CGG) Zinc Alloys for Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Sheet SteelB860 Specification for Zinc Master Alloys for Use in Hot Dip GalvanizingB892 Specification for ACuZinc5

11、 (Zinc-Copper-Aluminum) Alloy in Ingot Form for Die CastingsB894 Specification for ACuZinc5 (Zinc-Copper-Aluminum) Alloy Die CastingsB897 Specification for Configuration of Zinc and Zinc Alloy Jumbo Block and Half Block IngotB899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and AlloysB907 Specificatio

12、n for Zinc, Tin and Cadmium Base Alloys Used as SoldersB908 Practice for the Use of Color Codes for Zinc Casting Alloy Ingot1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.04 on Zincand Cadmium.

13、Current edition approved May 15, 2008Aug. 1, 2013. Published May 2008September 2013. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 asB949 - 06.B949 08. DOI: 10.1520/B0949-08.10.1520/B0949-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM

14、 Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made

15、to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Sum

16、mary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1B914 Practice for Color Codes on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Ingot for Use in Hot-Dip Galvanizing of SteelB943 Specification for Zinc a

17、nd Tin Alloy Wire Used in Thermal Spraying for Electronic ApplicationsB960 Specification for Prime Western Grade-Recycled (PWG-R) ZincE55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical CompositionE88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Cast

18、 Form for Determination of Chemical CompositionE634 Practice for Sampling of Zinc and Zinc Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry3. Terminology3.1 For terms related to non-ferrous metals and alloys, refer to Terminology B899.4. Ordering Information4.1 Where applicable include the following min

19、imum information when placing orders for zinc and zinc alloy products underthis specification:4.1.1 ASTM designation and latest year of issue (see Scope),4.1.2 Quantity (weight),4.1.3 Alloy or grade, or both, (when applicable),4.1.4 Size,4.1.4.1 For zinc metal and alloy ingot, if not the manufacture

20、rs standard,:standard:a) Zinc metal slabs varying in weight from 40 to 60 lb (18 to 27 kg) are all considered standard slabs.b) Zinc metal may also be ordered in jumbos, blocks, anodes, or other shapes (as per (in accordance with Specification B897).4.1.4.2 For castings and other zinc alloy products

21、, see the specific product specification for size requirement information.4.1.5 Delivery schedule,4.1.6 Marking (Section 1016),4.1.7 Whether certification is required (Section 915),4.1.8 Appearancethe product shall be reasonably free from surface corrosion and adhering foreign matter, and4.1.9 Sourc

22、e inspection must be specified at the time of order (Section 713).4.2 Additional ordering information for specific zinc and zinc alloy products:4.2.1 There may be additional information required when ordering specific products. These may be found in the productspecifications listed in 2.1 (Specifica

23、tions B6, B69through, B86, B240, B327, B418, B750, B792, B793, B833, B852, B860, B892,B894, B897 and , B907, and B943).4.3 Specifications for material may be altered by agreement between customer and supplier to suit individual need. If the agreedupon chemistry falls outside the limits of the approp

24、riate standard, then the material does not meet all requirements of the standard.5. Chemical Requirements5.1 Final product (ingots, slabs, jumbos, etc.) shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed in theapplicable product specification (see 2.1: Specifications B6, B69through, B

25、86, B240, B327, B418, B750, B792, B793, B833, B852,B860, B892, B894, B897, B907, and B943).5.2 Conformance shall be determined by the manufacturer by analyzing samples taken at the time the final product is pouredor samples taken from the ingots.5.2.1 If the producer has determined the chemical comp

26、osition of the metal during the course of manufacture, he shall not berequired to sample and analyze the finished product.5.2.2 Method of AnalysisAt the discretion of the producer, the determination of chemical composition shall be made inaccordance with suitable spectrochemical or chemical methods.

27、6. Sampling for Determination of Chemical Composition6.1 Samples for Spectrochemical and Other Methods of AnalysisSamples for spectrochemical and other methods of analysisshall be suitable for the form of material being analyzed and the type of analytical method used.6.2 Sampling During Production o

28、f Ingots, Slabs, Blocks or Jumbos, and Wrought Products:6.2.1 Sampling During CastingSamples may be taken from the pour during the casting of zinc and zinc alloys.6.2.1.1 Samples for spectrochemical methods may be cast as pins or discs in accordance with Practice E634 for spectrochemicalanalyses or

29、may be cast in a form or by a method the producer has determined will generate a homogeneous and representativesample.6.2.1.2 The producer should determine the sampling regimen that will efficiently result in samples that are representative of theproduct. As a suggested minimum, at least two samples

30、 sets shall be taken for batches of 25 tons (22.7 mTons) or less. At leastthree sample sets shall be taken for batches up to 150 tons (136 mTons). The average chemical analyses shall be determined fromthese samples. Unless otherwise agreed in the contact or purchase order, sampling procedure will be

31、 the manufacturers choice.6.2.2 Samples held at the producers plant shall be retained for not less than 90 days.B949 1326.3 Sampling of Ingot, Slabs, or Blocks and Jumbos and Wrought Product in the Event of a Dispute or if the Alloy is at theCustomers PlantThe sample for chemical analysis shall be t

32、aken based on the form of the product.6.3.1 Ingot, Slabs, or Product in an Easily Sampled FormIf the alloy is in the form of standard ingots, slabs, etc. at thecustomers plant, the sample for chemical analysis shall be taken in accordance with 6.3.1.16.3.1.1-6.3.1.6 through 6.3.1.6,inclusive.6.3.1.1

33、 Selection of PortionA portion representative of the total shipment or order shall be selected at random for the finalsample. The portion preferably shall be taken during loading or unloading. Not less than five ingots shall be taken at random fromeach car or truckload of the same alloy for sampling

34、. Each heat in the shipment shall be represented. If the shipment is less thana carload lot, one sample ingot shall be taken for each 10 000 lb (4540 kg) or fraction thereof. When it is deemed necessary, asample may be taken from each melt of 1000 lb (454 kg) or more.6.3.1.2 Preparation of SampleThe

35、 product shall be cleaned thoroughly to rid the surface of extraneous material. Then thesamples for chemical analysis shall be taken by sawing, milling, or drilling in such a manner as to be representative of the averagecross section of the ingot. The weight of a prepared sample shall be not less th

36、an 300 g.6.3.1.3 The saw drill, or cutter used for taking the sample shall be thoroughly cleaned. No lubricant shall be used in theoperation, and the sawings or metal chips shall be carefully treated with a magnet to remove any particles or iron introduced intaking the sample.NOTE 1Sampling by sawin

37、g is not recommended for Special High Grade zinc because complete removal of the final traces of adventitious iron fromsawings is difficult.6.3.1.4 DrillingTwo holes shall be drilled, preferably from the bottom or brand side of each ingot or slab, at two points locatedalong one diagonal of the slab

38、so that each point is halfway between the center and one extremity of the diagonal. If two holesfrom each ingot or slab do not yield the weight of sample prescribed in 6.3.1.6, a third hole shall be drilled at the center of each.Each hole shall be bored completely through, care being taken to avoid

39、starting the drill in a depression and to adjust the feed togive drillings 0.010 to 0.020 in. (0.25 to 0.51 mm) in thickness. The drill used preferably shall be non-ferrous tipped (such ascarbide, Ti-N, etc.) The diameter of the drill shall be 12 in. (12.7 mm) for Special High Grade zinc, and shall

40、be 516 in. (7.9 mm)for other grades of zinc. The drillings shall be broken or cut with clean shears into pieces not over 12 in. in length and mixedthoroughly.6.3.1.5 SawingUsing, preferably, a heat treated high-speed steel saw, make two cuts completely across and through the ingotor slab from one lo

41、ng side to the other. Each cut shall be approximately halfway between the center and each end. The width ofthe saw cut shall be sufficient to give the weight of sample prescribed in 6.3.1.6, and cuttings from all the slabs shall be mixedthoroughly to form a uniform sample.6.3.1.6 Size of Sample and

42、StorageThe prepared sample shall weigh at least 1600 g for Special High Grade zinc, and at least300 g for other grades of zinc and zinc alloys. The properly mixed sample shall be split into three equal parts, each of which shallbe placed in a sealed package, one for the manufacturer, one for the pur

43、chaser, and one for a referee, if necessary. Tight, leak-proof,paper sample envelopes or cardboard cartons may be used to hold the sample.6.3.2 An optional method of sampling for analysis may be by melting together the representative portions selected and thensampling the liquid composite by casting

44、 suitable specimens for either spectrographic or chemical analysis.6.3.2.1 Care must be taken to ensure that the melt is stirred, homogenous, and representative, since it is possible to alter thecomposition during remelting.6.3.3 Samples for chemical analysis may also be in the form of a separately

45、cast spectrographic disc specimen taken from thesame pour used to cast the product.6.3.4 Sampling of Blocks or JumbosRepresentative samples cannot be obtained from large castings (except for remelting theentire ingot in a separate furnace and then taking a sample) because of the potential for segreg

46、ation. Therefore, alloy cast in blockform shall be sampled from the pour.6.3.4.1 Sampling of Blocks or Jumbos for Nominal CompositionDrillings taken from the sides of blocks or jumbos may beused to differentiate alloys, however, as noted in 6.3.4 there is no guarantee of obtaining a representative s

47、ample for conformancedetermination.6.3.5 Sampling Wrought Product:6.3.5.1 The sampling plan for zinc for purposes of chemical analysis or mechanical property testing shall be designed such thatany lot of finished product may be adequately described by the results of the tests performed on the sample

48、s. Lot or portion sizeshall be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.6.3.5.2 In general, the steps for sampling wrought product are similar to those for ingot, slab and castings described in6.3.1.1-6.3.1.6.6.3.5.3 Matters of sampling and sample preparation of wrought product not covered by t

49、his specification shall be in accordancewith Practice E55.6.4 Sampling of Zinc Alloy Ingots for Routine Testing, Nominal Quality, Non-Dispute SituationsIt is a common practice toselect a sample portion from a single ingot for quality and conformance checking.B949 1336.4.1 In these instances the portion should be cut from a section that is approximately halfway between the center and each end,and avoiding any cast notches, by making two cuts completely across and through the ingot or slab from one long side to the other.6.4.2 The sample prepared from this p