ASTM B881-2017 Standard Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products《铝及镁合金制品的相关标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: B881 09B881 17Standard Terminology Relating toAluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B881; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms and definitions relating to aluminum- and magnesium-alloy products. It ispublished to en

3、courage uniformity of terminology throughout Committee B07 product specifications.1.2 Certain definitions and definitions of terms specific to a standard will remain in the individual standards and will not beincluded in this terminology (see 3.4).1.3 This international standard was developed in acc

4、ordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM

5、Standards:2B26/B26M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Sand CastingsB80 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Sand CastingsB85 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Die CastingsB90/B90M Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Sheet and PlateB91 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy ForgingsB92/B92M Specification for Una

6、lloyed Magnesium Ingot and Stick For RemeltingB93/B93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in Ingot Form for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, and Die CastingsB94 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Die CastingsB107/B107M Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Profiles, Tubes, and

7、 WireB108 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold CastingsB179 Specification for Aluminum Alloys in Ingot and Molten Forms for Castings from All Casting ProcessesB199 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Permanent Mold CastingsB209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and PlateB2

8、09M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate (Metric)B210 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless TubesB211 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rolled or Cold Finished Bar, Rod, and WireB211M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rolled or

9、Cold-Finished Bar, Rod, and Wire (Metric)B221 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and TubesB234 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes for Surface Condensers, Evaporators, and HeatExchangersB236 Specification for Aluminum Bar

10、s for Electrical Purposes (Bus Bars)B236M Specification for Aluminum Bars for Electrical Purposes (Bus Bars) (Metric)B241/B241M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded TubeB247 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Ro

11、lled Ring ForgingsB247M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring Forgings (Metric)B308/B308M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy 6061-T6 Standard Structural ProfilesB313/B313M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Round Welded Tubes1 This termin

12、ology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 on AluminumAlloy Wrought Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2009Nov. 1, 2017. Published July 2009November 2017. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous e

13、dition approved in 20052009 asB881 05.B881 09. DOI: 10.1520/B0881-09.10.1520/B0881-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary

14、page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends tha

15、t users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C

16、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1B316/B316M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold-Heading Wire and RodsB317/B317M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bar, Rod, Tube, Pipe, Structural Profiles, and Profiles for ElectricalPurposes (Bus Conductor)B345/B345M Specifi

17、cation for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded Tube for Gas and OilTransmission and Distribution Piping Systems (Withdrawn 2017)3B361 Specification for Factory-Made Wrought Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Welding FittingsB373 Specification for Aluminum Foil for Capacitors (Wi

18、thdrawn 2015)3B403 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Investment CastingsB404/B404M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Condenser and Heat-Exchanger Tubes with IntegralFins (Withdrawn 2006)3B429/B429M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Structural Pipe and TubeB479 Specificat

19、ion for Annealed Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Foil for Flexible Barrier, Food Contact, and OtherApplications (Withdrawn 2015)3B483/B483M Specification forAluminum andAluminum-Alloy Drawn Tube and Drawn Pipe for General PurposeApplicationsB491/B491M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extrud

20、ed Round Tubes for General-Purpose ApplicationsB547/B547M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Formed and Arc-Welded Round TubeB594 Practice for Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-Alloy Wrought ProductsB618 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Investment CastingsB632/B632M Specification for Alum

21、inum-Alloy Rolled Tread PlateB646 Practice for Fracture Toughness Testing of Aluminum AlloysB660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB666/B666M Practice for Identification Marking of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB686 Specification for Aluminum Alloy Castings, High-Str

22、engthB736 Specification for Aluminum, Aluminum Alloy and Aluminum-Clad Steel Cable Shielding Stock (Withdrawn 2015)3B744/B744M Specification for Aluminum Alloy Sheet for Corrugated Aluminum PipeB745/B745M Specification for Corrugated Aluminum Pipe for Sewers and DrainsB746/B746M Specification for Co

23、rrugated Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate for Field-Bolted Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and ArchesB807/B807M Practice for Extrusion Press Solution Heat Treatment for Aluminum AlloysB917/B917M Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castings from All ProcessesB918 Practice for Heat Treatment of Wrought Al

24、uminum AlloysB928/B928M Specification for High Magnesium Aluminum-Alloy Products for Marine Service and Similar EnvironmentsB945 Practice for Aluminum Alloy Extrusions Press Cooled from an Elevated Temperature Shaping Process for Production ofT1, T2, T5 and T10Type TempersB947 Practice for Hot Rolli

25、ng Mill Solution Heat Treatment for Aluminum Alloy PlateB955/B955M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Centrifugal Castings3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions are grouped by subject and listed in alphabetical order.Alclad,aluminum clad product, adjna composite aluminum product having an alumin

26、um or aluminum-alloy coating that ismetallurgically bonded to either one side or both surfaces of an aluminum alloy product, and that is anodic to the alloy to whichit is bonded, thus electrolytically protecting the core alloy against corrosion. (See also individual product type such as core andone

27、or more metallurgically bonded aluminum or other metal layers, on one or both sides, that are generally thinner than thecore. Clad layers may be applied for a variety of purposes including but not limited to brazing, corrosion protection, enhancedfinishing response, and improved formability. Typical

28、 clad products are Alclad plate,Alclad rod,sheet,tube, and so wire.forth).B209, B210, B211, B221, B234, B241/B241M, B313/B313M, B345/B345M, B404/B404M, B547/B547MAlclad product, nan aluminum clad product having bonded aluminum layer or layers anodic to the core, thus electrolyticallyprotecting the c

29、ore against corrosion. If only one side is clad, the product is often named “Alclad One Side”.B209, B209M, B210, B211, B211M, B221, B234, B241/B241M, B313/B313M, B547/B547Mbar,nsolid wrought product that is long in relation to its cross section which is square or rectangular (excluding plate andflat

30、tened wire) with sharp or rounded corners or edges, or is a regular hexagon or octagon, typically supplied in straightlengthlengths.NOTE 1: In North America, the minimum perpendicular distance between at least one set of parallel faces of a bar is 0.375in. or 10 mm; below this limit the product is c

31、alled “wire”.NOTE 2: In Europe, a bar is supplied in straight length; if supplied in coiled form, the product is called “wire“. B107/B107M,B211, B211M, B221, B236, B236M, B317/B317M, B594, B666/B666M3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.B881 172bus bar

32、,n rigid electric conductor in the form of a bar. B236, B236M, B317/B317M, B666/B666Mextruded bar,nbar brought to final dimensions by hot extruding. B107/B107M, B221, B236, B236M, B317/B317Mrolled bar,nbar brought to final dimensions by hot rolling. B211, B211M, B236, B236Msaw-plate bar,nbar brought

33、 to final thickness by hot or cold rolling and to final width by sawing. B236, B236Mbus conductor,nrigid electric conductor of any cross section. B236, B236M, B317/B317Mcasting,nproduct at or near finished shape, formed by solidification of the metal in a mold or a die.B666/B666M, B686centrifugal ca

34、sting, ncasting produced by introducing molten metal into a rotating mold and allowing it to solidify as the moldis spun about a horizontal, inclined or vertical axis. B955/B955Mcentrifuged casting, na casting produced in a mold, a number of which may be mounted around a central sprue. The moldsare

35、rotated, in a vertical position, about a central axis concentric with the central sprue, B955/B955Mdie casting,ncasting produced by introducing molten metal under substantial pressure pressure, typically above 100 bars, intoa metal die and characterized by a high degree of fidelity to the die cavity

36、. The term “pressure die casting” or “high pressure diecasting” is often used for this concept. B85, B94investment casting,nprecision casting formed by a three step process comprising:a) fabrication of a ceramic mold around a wax or thermoplastic pattern with a refractory slurry that sets at room te

37、mperature;b) removal of the pattern through the use of heat;c) pouring metal into this mold and allowing it to solidify. B403, B618permanent mold casting,ncasting produced by introducing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into a mold constructedof durable material, usually iron or steel, and al

38、lowing it to solidify.NOTE: permanentPermanent mold casting where the metal solidifies in a metal mold under low pressure (typically less than 1bar above atmospheric pressure) is also referred to as “low pressure die casting”. B108, B199precision casting, ncasting which fulfils special requirements

39、concerning tolerances on form and dimensions.Precision castings can be produced by different casting processes.sand casting,ncasting produced by pouring molten metal into a sand mold and allowing it to solidify. B26/B26M, B80semi-permanent mold casting,npermanent mold casting which is made using an

40、expendable core such as sand.B108, B199circle,ncircular blank fabricated from plate, sheet, or foil. B666/B666Mextrudate,nmaterial exiting an extrusion die subject to further processing (quenching, stretching, cutting), to become anextruded profile. B807/B807Mextrusion billet,nextrusion ingot cut to

41、 length and used as the final length of material charged into the extrusion press cylinder.press. It is usually a cast product cut to length from extrusion log but may be a wrought product or sintered from powdercompact. B807/B807Mextrusion ingot,ningot, intended and suitable for extruding, typicall

42、y of solid circular cross-section, sometimes with a centralhollow or a flattened cross-section. B807/B807Mextrusion log,nextrusion ingot not cut to length. Extrusion log is usually produced in lengths from which shorter extrusion billetsare cut. B807/B807Mfoil,nflat generally, a rolled product of re

43、ctangular in cross-section with uniform of thickness equal to or less than 0.0079 in. (0.20mm 200 microns). In the USA there (Formerly 0.006 inch (0.15 mm), changed to 0.079 inch (0.20 mm) for internationalharmonization. There is an overlap in the thickness range 0.006-0.0079 in. (0.15-0.20 mm) defi

44、ned for foil and sheet. Foilproducts in this gagethickness range are supplied to foil product specifications. B373, B479, B666/B666Mbright two-side foil,nfoil having a uniform bright specular finish on both sides. B373, B479matte one-side foil,nfoil having a diffuse reflecting finish on one side and

45、 a bright specular finish on the other. (Also calledpack rolled foil.) B373, B479forging,nwrought product formed by hammering or pressing, typically when hot, between open dies (hand forging) or closeddies (drop or die forging).B91, B247, B247M, B666/B666Mblocker-type forging,nforging made in a sing

46、le set of impressions to the general contour of a finished part.B247, B247Mdie forging,nforging shaped by working in closed dies. B91, B247, B247M, B594, B666/B666MB881 173hammer forging,nforging produced by repeated blows of a forging hammer. B91hand forging,nforging worked between flat or simply s

47、haped dies by repeated strokes or blows and manipulation of the piece,intending to convert the metallurgical structure from cast to wrought prior to machining into a final part.B247, B247M, B594, B666/B666Mrolled ring forging,ncylindrical product of relatively short height, circumferentially rolled

48、from a hollow section.B247, B247M, B594forging stock,nsolid product, typically ingot, rod, bar or profile, intended and suitable for forging. Forging stock is typically acast product or an extruded product.B247, B247Mingot,ncast product intended and suitable for remelting or forming by hot or cold w

49、orking.B92/B92M, B93/B93M, B179, B666/B666Mmill finish,adjhaving a naturally occurring finish after rolling which may vary from piece to piece and within a piece, and whichmay not be entirely free of stains or oil. See also mill finish sheet below this limit, the product is called“wire”.NOTE 2: In Europe, a rod is supplied in straight length;lengths; if supplied in coiled form, the product is called “wire”.NOTE 3: In Europe, a rod is often called “round bar”. B107/B107M, B211, B211M, B316/B316M, B666/B666Mcold-finished rod,nrod brought t