ASTM B881-2005 Standard Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium- Alloy Products《铝和镁合金产品的相关标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 881 05Standard Terminology Relating toAluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 881; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms and defini-tions relating to aluminum- and magnesium-alloy products. Itis published to encou

3、rage uniformity of terminology through-out Committee B07 product specifications.1.2 Certain definitions and definitions of terms specific to astandard will remain in the individual standards and will not beincluded in this terminology (see 3.4).2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 26/B 26M S

4、pecification for Aluminum-Alloy Sand Cast-ingsB80 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Sand CastingsB85 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Die CastingsB 90/B 90M Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Sheet andPlateB91 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy ForgingsB 92/B 92M Specification for Magnesium Ingot and

5、Stickfor RemeltingB 93/B 93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in IngotForm for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, andDie CastingsB94 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Die CastingsB 107/B 107M Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Ex-truded Bars, Rods, Shapes, Tubes, and WireB 108 Specification fo

6、r Aluminum-Alloy Permanent MoldCastingsB 179 Specification for Aluminum Alloys in Ingot andMolten Forms for Castings from all Casting ProcessesB 199 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Permanent MoldCastingsB 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateB 210 Specification for Alumi

7、num and Aluminum-AlloyDrawn Seamless TubesB211 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyBar, Rod, and WireB 221 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars,Rods, Wire, Shapes, and TubesB 234 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyDrawn Seamless Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchang-ersB

8、 236 Specification for Aluminum Bars for Electrical Pur-poses (Bus Bars)B 241/B 241M Specification for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless ExtrudedTubeB 247 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloyDie Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring ForgingsB 308/B 308M Specification

9、for Aluminum Alloy 6061-T6Standard Structural ProfilesB 313/B 313M Specification for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Round Welded TubesB 316/B 316M Specification for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold Heading-Wire and RodsB 317 Specification for Aluminum Alloy Extruded Bar,Rod, Tube, Pipe, and Str

10、uctural Profiles for ElectricalPurposes (Bus Conductor)B 345/B 345M Specification for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless ExtrudedTube for Gas and Oil Transmission and Distribution PipingSystemsB 361 Specification for Factory-Made Wrought Aluminumand Aluminum-Alloy Welding Fittings

11、B 373 Specification for Aluminum Foil for CapacitorsB 403 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Investment Cast-ingsB 404/B 404M Specification for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Seamless Condenser and Heat-Exchanger Tubes with Integral FinsB 429 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Struc-tural Pipe and

12、 Tube1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 onAluminum Alloy Wrought Products.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous editi

13、on approved in 2004 as B 881 98a (2004).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Change

14、s section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.B 479 Specification for Annealed Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Foil for Flexible Barrier, Food Contact,and Other ApplicationsB 483/B 483M Speci

15、fication for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Drawn Tubes for General Purpose Ap-plicationsB 491/B 491M Specification for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Extruded Round Tubes for General-Purpose ApplicationsB 547/B 547M Specification for Aluminum andAluminum-Alloy Formed and Arc-Welded Round TubeB 594 Practice

16、 for Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-Alloy Wrought Products for Aerospace ApplicationsB 618 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Investment Cast-ingsB 632/B 632M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy RolledThread PlateB 666/B 666M Practice for Identification Marking of Alu-minum and Magnesium ProductsB 686

17、 Specification for Aluminum Alloy Castings, HighStrengthB 736 Specification for Aluminum, Aluminum Alloy, andAluminum-Clad Steel Cable Shielding StockB 807 Practice for Extrusion Press Solution Heat Treatmentof Aluminum AlloysB 917/B 917M Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castings from A

18、ll ProcessesB 918 Practice for Heat Treatment of Wrought AluminumAlloysB 928/B 928 Specification for High MagnesiumAluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate for Marine Service3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions are grouped by subject andlisted in alphabetical order.Alclad, adjhaving an aluminum or alu

19、minum-alloy coatingthat is metallurgically bonded to either one side or bothsurfaces of an aluminum alloy product, and that is anodic tothe alloy to which it is bonded, thus electrolytically protect-ing the core alloy against corrosion. (See also individualproduct type such as Alclad plate, Alclad s

20、heet, and soforth). B 209, B 210, B211, B 221, B 234, B 241/B 241M,B 313/B 313M, B 345/B 345M, B 404/B 404M, B 547/B 547Mbar, nsolid wrought product that is long in relation to itscross section, is square or rectangular with sharp or roundedcorners/edges (excluding plate and flattened wire), or is a

21、regular hexagon or octagon, and in which at least oneperpendicular distance between parallel faces is 0.375 in. orgreater over 10.00 mm. B 107/B 107M, B211, B 221,B 236, B 317, B 594, B 666/B 666Mbus bar, n rigid electric conductor in the form of a bar.B 236, B 317, B 666/B 666Mextruded bar, nbar br

22、ought to final dimensions by hotextruding. B 107/B 107M, B 221, B 236, B 317rolled bar, nbar brought to final dimensions by hot rolling.B211, B 236saw-plate bar, nbar brought to final thickness by hot orcold rolling and to final width by sawing. B 236bus conductor, nrigid electric conductor of any c

23、rosssection. B 236, B 317casting, nmetal object, at or near dimensions shape, pro-duced by introducing molten metal into a mold or a die andallowing it to solidify. B 666/B 666M, B 686die casting, ncasting produced by introducing moltenmetal under substantial pressure into a metal die andcharacteriz

24、ed by a high degree of fidelity to the die cavity.B85, B94investment casting, ncasting produced by surrounding(investing) an expendable pattern (usually wax or plastic)with a refractory slurry that sets at room temperature, afterwhich the pattern is removed through the use of heat, and theresultant

25、cavity is filled with molten metal and allowed tosolidify. B 403, B 618permanent mold casting, ncasting produced by introduc-ing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into a moldconstructed of durable material, usually iron or steel, andallowing it to solidify. B 108, B 199sand casting, ncasting p

26、roduced by pouring molten metalinto a sand mold and allowing it to solidify. B 26/B 26M,B80semi-permanent mold casting, npermanent mold castingwhich is made using an expendable core such as sand.B 108, B 199circle, ncircular blank fabricated from plate, sheet, or foil.B 666/B 666Mextrudate, nmateria

27、l exiting an extrusion die subject tofurther processing (quenching, stretching, cutting), to be-come an extruded profile. B 807extrusion billet, nsolid or hollow form, commonly cylindri-cal, used as the final length of material charged into theextrusion press cylinder, and is usually a cast product,

28、 butmay be a wrought product or sintered from powder compact.B 807extrusion ingot, nsolid or hollow cast form, usually cylin-drical, suitable for extruding. B 807extrusion log, nstarting stock for extrusion billet. Extrusionlog is usually produced in lengths from which shorterextrusion billets are c

29、ut. B 807foil, nrolled wrought product, rectangular in cross section,and of thickness less than 0.006 in. up through 0.15 mm.B 373, B 479, B 666/B 666Mbright two-side foil, nfoil having a uniform bright specularfinish on both sides. B 373, B 479matte one-side foil, nfoil having a diffuse reflecting

30、finishon one side and a bright specular finish on the other.B 373, B 479forging, nmetal part worked to a predetermined shape byone or more processes such as hammering, upsetting, press-ing, rolling, and so forth. B91, B 247, B 666/B 666Mblocker-type forging, nforging made in a single set ofimpressio

31、ns to the general contour of a finished part.B 247B881052die forging, nforging formed to the required shape andsize by working in impression dies. B91, B 247, B 594,B 666/B 666Mhammer forging, nforging produced by repeated blows ofa forging hammer. B91hand forging, nforging, manually-manipulated, wh

32、ich isworked, through repeated strokes or blows, between flat orsimply shaped dies. B 247, B 594, B 666/B 666Mrolled ring forging, ncylindrical product of relatively shortheight, circumferentially rolled from a hollow section.B 247, B 594forging stock, nwrought or cast rod, bar, or other sectionsuit

33、able for forging. B 247ingot, ncast form suitable for fabricating (rolling, forging,extruding, and so forth) or remelting. B 92/B 92M, B 93/B 93M, B 179, B 666/B 666Mmill finish, adjhaving a nonuniform finish which may varyfrom piece to piece and within a piece, and which may notbe entirely free of

34、stains or oil. See also mill finish sheet.B 209, B 632/B 632Mparent coil or plate, ncoil of sheet or a plate that has beenprocessed to final temper as a single unit and may subse-quently be cut into two or more smaller coils or intoindividual sheets or smaller plates to provide the requiredwidth and

35、 length. B 209pipe, ntube in standardized combination of outside diameterand wall thickness, commonly designated by “Nominal PipeSizes” and “ANSI Schedule Numbers.” B 241/B 241M,B 317, B 345/B 345M, B 429, B 666/B 666Mdrawn pipe, npipe brought to final dimensions by drawingthrough a die. B 241/B 241

36、M, B 345/B 345Mextruded pipe, npipe formed by hot extruding. B 241/B 241M, B 317, B 345/B 345M, B 429seamless pipe, nextruded or drawn pipe which does notcontain any line junctures resulting from the method ofmanufacture. B 241/B 241M, B 345/B 345Mstructural pipe, npipe commonly used for structural

37、pur-poses. B 429plate:, nrolled product that is rectangular in cross section,with thickness not less then 0.250 in. (6.30 mm) and shearedor sawed edges. B 90/B 90M, B 209, B 632/B 632M,B 660, B 666/B 666M, B 928/B 928MAlclad plate, ncomposite plate product comprised of analuminum-alloy core having o

38、n both surfaces a metallurgi-cally bonded aluminum or aluminum-alloy cladding that isanodic to the core, thus electrolytically protecting the coreagainst corrosion. B 209, B 547/B 547Mmill finish plate, nplate having a non-uniform finish whichmay vary from piece to piece and within a piece, and whic

39、hmay not be entirely free of stains or oil. B 209, B 632/B 632M, B 928/B 928Mtread plate, nplate or sheet having a raised, figured patternon one surface to provide improved traction. B 632/B 632M, B 666/B 666Mproducer, nprimary manufacturer of the material. B 107/B 107M, B 209, B 210, B211, B 221, B

40、 234, B 241/B 241M,B 308/B 308M, B 313/B 313M, B 316/B 316M, B 317,B 345/B 345M, B 361, B 373, B 404/B 404M, B 483/B 483M, B 491/B 491M, B 632/B 632M, B 736profile, nwrought product that is long in relation to its crosssectional dimensions which is of a form other than that ofsheet, plate, foil, rod

41、, bar, tube, or wire. B 107/B 107M,B 221, B 308/B 308M, B 317, B 594, B 666/B 666Mextruded profile, nprofile produced by hot extruding.B 107/B 107M, B 221structural profile, nprofile, rolled or extruded, commonlyused for structural purposes such as angles, channels,H-beams, I-beams, tees, and zees.

42、B 308/B 308M, B 317rod, nsolid wrought product that is long in relation to itscircular cross section, which is 0.375 in. or greater over10.00 mm in diameter. B 107/B 107M, B211, B 316/B 316M, B 666/B 666Mcold-finished rod, nrod brought to final dimensions bycold working to obtain improved surface fi

43、nish and dimen-sional tolerances. B211cold-heading rod, nrod of a quality suitable for use in themanufacture of cold-headed products such as bolts andrivets. B 316/B 316Mextruded rod, nrod produced by hot extruding. B 107/B 107M, B 221, B 317rivet rod, nSee cold-heading rod. B 316/B 316Mshape, nthis

44、 term is no longer recommended; the termprofile is preferred.sheet, nrolled wrought product that is rectangular in crosssection, with thickness 0.006 in. and greater over 0.15 mmbut less than 0.250 in. up through 6.30 mm, and withsheared, slit, or sawed edges. B 90/B 90M, B 209, B 313/B 313M, B 547/

45、B 547M, B 666/B 666M, B 928/B 928MAlclad sheet, ncomposite sheet product comprised of analuminum-alloy core having on both surfaces (if on one sideonly, it is Alclad one-side sheet) a metallurgically bondedaluminum or aluminum-alloy coating that is anodic to thecore, thus electrolytically protecting

46、 the core alloy againstcorrosion. B 209, B 313/B 313M, B 547/B 547MAlclad one-side sheet, nalclad sheet with only one sidecoated. B 209, B 547/B 547Mcoiled sheet, nsheet in coils with slit edges. B 209,B 313/B 313M, B 547/B 547M, B 666/B 666M, B 928/B 928Mflat sheet, nsheet with sheared, slit, or sa

47、wed edges, whichhas been flattened or leveled. B 209, B 313/B 313M,B 547/B 547M, B 666/B 666Mmill finish sheet, nsheet having a nonuniform finish whichmay vary from sheet to sheet and within a piece, and whichmay not be entirely free of stains or oil. B 209, B 632/B 632M, B 928/B 928Mone-side bright

48、 mill finish sheet, nsheet having a moderatedegree of brightness on one side, and a mill finish on theother. B 209standard one-side bright finish sheet, nsheet having auniform bright finish on one side, and a mill finish on theother. B 209standard two-side bright finish sheet, nsheet having auniform

49、 bright finish on both sides. B 209Solution Heat Treatmentheating an alloy to a suitabletemperature for sufficient time to allow one or more solubleB881053constituents to enter into solid solution, where they areretained in a supersaturated state after quenching. B 917/B 917M, B 918Extrusion Press Solution Heat Treatmentheating an alloyto a suitable temperature then extruding, while holding forsufficient time to allow one or more soluble constituents toenter into solid solution, where they are retained in asupers