ASTM B864 B864M-2000(2007) Standard Specification for Corrugated Aluminum Box Culverts.pdf

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1、Designation: B 864/B 864M 00 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forCorrugated Aluminum Box Culverts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 864/B 864M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers material, geometric, and wallsection properties of aluminum box culverts manufacturedfrom c

3、orrugated plate or sheet, with attached rib stiffeners, forfield assembly. Appropriate fasteners and optional materials,such as aluminum invert plates and headwalls, are alsodescribed. Applications for aluminum box culverts includeconduits for gravity flow drainage of surface water, such asculverts

4、and storm drains, as well as for small bridges andgrade separation structures such as pedestrian or vehicularunderpasses, and utility tunnels.1.2 This specification does not include requirements forfoundations, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover orlive loads and strength requirements.

5、 These important designconsiderations are described in the AASHTO Standard Speci-fications for Highway Bridges.1.3 This specification does not include requirements for thehydraulic design of these structures. Hydraulic design, place-ment of footings or inverts, and end treatments to resist scourare

6、described in FHWA HDS No. 5.1.4 Appendix X1 lists nominal dimensions of box culvertsizes commonly available. Also listed are cross-sectional areaand hydraulic design parameters for these sizes.1.5 Appendix X2 lists manufacturers suggested designproperties for the rib stiffener types, spacing classes

7、, andmaterial thicknesses described in this specification.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall

8、be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 36/A 36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA 123/A 123M Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galva-nized) Coatings on Iron and

9、Steel ProductsA 153/A 153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) onIron and Steel HardwareA 307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60000 PSI Tensile StrengthA 563 Specification for Carbons and Alloy Steel NutsA 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsMetricB 221/B 221M Spec

10、ification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Shapes and Tubes.B 746/B 746M Specification for Corrugated Aluminum Al-loy Structural Plate for Field-Bolted Pipe, Pipe-Arches,and ArchesB 790/B 790M Practice for Structural Design of CorrugatedAluminum Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arche

11、s for Culverts,Storm Sewers, and Other Buried Conduits2.2 AASHTO Standard:Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges32.3 FHWA Standard:HDS No. 5, Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts, ReportNo. FHWA-IP-85-1543. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 box culverta general

12、ly rectangular conduit having across section symmetric about a vertical axis, with a longradius crown segment, short radius haunch segments, andstraight side segments, with rib stiffeners (see Fig. 1).3.1.2 crownthe long radius top arc segment of a boxculvert cross section (see Fig. 1).1This specifi

13、cation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is under the direct responsibility of B07.08 on AluminumCulvert.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B 864/B 864M-00

14、.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of State Highway and Tr

15、ansportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.4Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 PortRoyal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161, http:/www.ntis.gov.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO B

16、ox C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.3 haunchthe short radius segments at the upper cor-ners of a box culvert cross section, making the transitionbetween the long radius crown segment and the straight sidesegments (see Fig. 1).3.1.4 rib stiffenersspaced extruded aluminum stru

17、cturalmembers, curved to the shape of the transverse cross section ofbox culverts and attached by field-bolting to the corrugatedplate shell (see Fig. 1).3.1.5 risethe clear inside vertical dimension from thebottom of the straight side segments of a box culvert to thecrown, measured at the axis of s

18、ymmetry (see Fig. 1).3.1.6 shellthe continuous, structural enclosure of the boxculvert consisting of modular, field-assembled, and boltedcorrugated aluminum plate members forming the crown,haunch, and side segments (see Fig. 1).3.1.7 spanthe clear inside horizontal dimension of a boxculvert, measure

19、d at the bottom of the straight side segments(see Fig. 1).4. Classification4.1 Aluminum box culverts consist ofa9by212 in. 229 by64 mm corrugated aluminum plate shell in combination withextruded aluminum stiffening ribs. The plate thickness, stiff-ener type, and spacing class at the crown and haunch

20、 of the boxculvert may differ, provided they satisfy the ordering informa-tion and the design properties (see 5.1 and 6.1). The platethickness and stiffener type and spacing class may be variedalong the length of the box culvert in accordance with coverand loading requirements, as agreed upon betwee

21、n the pur-chaser and the fabricator.4.2 Rib Stiffener Type and Spacing Class:4.2.1 Rib stiffeners consist of either Type 1 or Type 2 at theoption of the fabricator. Geometry, section, and mechanicalproperties must conform to the requirements of Fig. 2. Ribstiffener spacing classes shall be as define

22、d in 4.2.2-4.2.5 andillustrated in Fig. 3.4.2.2 Class A Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type 2external rib stiffeners spaced at 54 in. 1372 mm center-to-center.4.2.3 Class B Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type 2external rib stiffeners spaced at 27 in. 686 mm center-to-center.4.2.4 C

23、lass C Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type2 external rib stiffeners spaced at 18 in. 457 mm center-to-center.4.2.5 Class D Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type2 external rib stiffeners spaced at 9 in. 229 mm center-to-center.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for products specified h

24、erein shall include thefollowing information required as necessary to adequatelydescribe the desired product characteristics:5.1.1 Name of product (corrugated aluminum box culvert),5.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue, as B XXX-_for inch-pound units or B XXXM-_ for SI units,5.1.3 Number of struc

25、tures,5.1.4 Nominal dimensions of each structure including therise, span, length (measured along the bottom centerline), andcross sectional area required,NOTE 1The nominal length increment is 2.25 ft 0.68 m. Speciallengths can be provided.5.1.5 Minimum and maximum cover height over structuretop cent

26、erline (measured from the inside crest of the corrugatedplate to the finished surface of the traveled way),NOTE 2The minimum and maximum cover height is assumed toapply to the entire length of the structure unless the purchaser specifiesotherwise. The design specifications limit cover height to a ra

27、nge ofbetween 1.4 ft and 5.0 ft 0.43 m and 1.52 m. Small deviations in theheight of cover can make a significant difference in the design. It isrecommended that the purchaser specify minimum and maximum coverheights to the nearest 0.1 ft 30 mm.5.1.6 Dead load unit weight, if different than 120 lb/ft

28、31920 kg/m3,5.1.7 Structure live load vehicle configuration, if differentthan AASHTO HS 20-44 (see AASHTO Standard Specifica-tions for Highway Bridges),5.1.8 Corrugated footing pads or full invert plates, if re-quired. For box culverts not supported on concrete footings,allowable foundation bearing

29、capacity, if different than 2tons/ft2192 kPa,NOTE 3Design procedures for corrugated footing pads or full invertplates are beyond the scope of this specification. However, generalFIG. 1 Box Culvert GeometryB 864/B 864M 00 (2007)2considerations for design of structural plate arch footings are given in

30、Practice B 790/B 790M. Also, specific design criteria for similar applica-tions are available in the AASHTO Standard Specifications for HighwayBridges.5.1.9 End treatment (bevel, skew, grade or slope correc-tions, corrugated aluminum headwalls, cut-off walls, or otherspecial provision), if required,

31、NOTE 4End conditions involving beveled or skewed cut ends mayrequire a structural support wall or collar. The design procedures for theseend treatments as well as for vertical headwalls are beyond the scope ofthis specification.5.1.10 Other special requirements such as stubs, tap-ins,saddles, elbows

32、, etc., if required, and5.1.11 Material certification, if required (see 13.1).NOTE 5Typical ordering information may be described as: ( 1) Onecorrugated aluminum box culvert, in accordance with ASTM B XXX-_, 7 ft, 3 in. rise by 20 ft, 6 in. span by 45 ft long, having a 1.4 ftminimum cover and a 3.0

33、ft maximum cover, with full invert plates; or (2) Two corrugated aluminum box culverts, in accordance with ASTMB XXXM-_, each being 1.96 m rise by 4.67 m span by 18.3 m long,each having 0.43 m minimum and maximum covers, assuming a dead loadunit weight of 2162 kg/m3, having full invert plates and ha

34、ving ends slopeadjusted for 2 % grade, including certification.6. Design Properties6.1 The required plastic moment capacities shall be deter-mined for the crown and haunch segments of the box culvert inaccordance with the ordering information and AASHTO Stan-dard Specifications for Highway Bridges.

35、The AASHTO speci-fication is applicable for the range of geometric limits given inFig. 1 and Table 1.7. Materials7.1 The corrugated plate material utilized for the shell shallbe fabricated from aluminum sheet or plate conforming to thechemical, mechanical, thickness and shape requirements ofType 1 T

36、ype 2Alloy 6061-T6 6061-T6Yield Strength 35 ksi 241.3 MPa 35 ksi 241.3 MPaTensile Strength 38 ksi 262.0 MPa 38 ksi 262.0 MPaArea 1.71 in.21103 mm22.27in21465 mm2Center of Area Yc = 1.02 in. 26.0 mm Yc = 1.76 in. 44.8 mmPlastic Modulus 1.70 in.327 858 mm3.68.343 917 mm3Plastic Moment Mp = 4.97k-ft6.7

37、2 kN-m Mp = 7.81k-ft10.60 kN-mFIG. 2 Extruded Aluminum Rib Stiffeners Geometry and Nominal Properties for DesignRibs are either Type 1 or Type 2.FIG. 3 Rib Stiffener Spacing ClassesB 864/B 864M 00 (2007)3Specification B 746/B 746M. Section properties for the corru-gated plate are provided in Practic

38、e B 790/B 790M.7.2 Rib stiffeners shall be extruded shapes conforming tothe chemical and mechanical requirements of SpecificationB 221/B 221M for 6061-T6. Their dimensions and the re-quired, nominal section properties developed are shown in Fig.2.7.3 Corrugated aluminum footing and invert members,wh

39、en specified, shall conform to the same material require-ments as 7.1. Thickness shall be as required by the design (seeNote 3) and shall not be less than 0.100 in. 2.5 mm.7.4 Corrugated aluminum headwalls, when specified, shallconform to the same material requirements as 7.1. Aluminumwalers, tie-ba

40、ck rods, deadman anchors, and other aluminumstructural members shall conform to the mechanical andchemical requirements of 7.2. Any steel tie-back rods, dead-man anchors, or other steel structural member shall meet therequirements of Specification A 36/A 36M. Where they areinstalled in contact with

41、aluminum members steel membersshall be hot-dip galvanized after fabrication in accordance withthe coating requirements of Specification A 123/A 123M. Thethickness, shape, and dimensions of headwall and incidentalmembers shall be as required by the design (see Note 4).7.5 Aluminum cut-off walls, when

42、 specified, shall conformto the same material requirements as 7.1 and provide a nominalthickness of 0.10 in. 2.5 mm.7.6 Bolts and nuts required to join corrugated plates to-gether, or to join corrugated plates to the stiffeners or otherstructural members, shall conform to the requirements ofSpecific

43、ation B 746/B 746M. Bolts and nuts for joining struc-tural and other items that are not corrugated shall conform tothe requirements of Specification B 746/B 746M or alterna-tively meet or exceed the requirements of Specification A 307,Grade A and Specifications A 563 and A 563M. Steel bolts andnuts

44、shall be hot-dip galvanized in accordance with Specifica-tion A 153/A 153M, Class C.8. Fabrication8.1 The corrugated aluminum shell of the box culvert shallconform to the geometric dimensional limits specified in Table1 and shall be subject to the manufacturing tolerances in9.1-9.3.8.2 Corrugated al

45、uminum shell plates shall be fabricated inaccordance with Specification B 746/B 746M.8.3 Extruded aluminum rib stiffeners shall consist of annu-lar rings conforming to the shape and dimensions of thestructural plate shell. The bolt holes shall be punched so that allmembers having like dimensions and

46、 curvature are inter-changeable. Sufficient bolt holes shall be provided in thecorrugated shell to match the arrangement, number, andspacing of bolt holes in the stiffeners. The layout of thestiffeners relative to the corrugated shell shall be in accordancewith 4.2 for the stiffener type and spacing

47、 class required by thedesign.8.4 Rib stiffeners that are designed to be continuous aroundthe periphery of the crown and haunch, but that are notfabricated in one piece, shall be provided with splice connec-tions at the intermediate ends. The design of the splice shall beadequate to develop the bendi

48、ng and axial loads carried by therib stiffener at the location of the splice.8.5 Rib stiffeners shall be provided with adequate boltedconnectors to resist the beam shear that develops between thestiffener and the shell due to the moment requirements de-scribed in 6.1.8.6 Corrugated footing and inver

49、t plates shall be fabricatedin accordance with Specification B 746/B 746M.8.7 Special members for headwalls, cut-off walls, etc. andspecial plates forming skewed ends, beveled ends, or curvedalignment, when required, shall be accurately cut to fit therequirements of the ordering information. Cut edges of mem-bers shall not contain excessive notches, gouges, or burrs, andshall present a workmanlike finish.9. Dimensions and Permissible Variations9.1 Furnished box culvert dimensions shall not vary fromthe ordere