ASTM B686 B686M-2018 Standard Specification for Aluminum Alloy Castings High-Strength.pdf

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1、Designation: B686/B686M 14B686/B686M 18Standard Specification forAluminum Alloy Castings, High-Strength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B686/B686M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las

2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers aluminum-alloy high-strength castings designated as shown in Table 1.1.2 Castings covered by t

3、his specification are intended for use in airframe, missile, and other critical applications where highstrength, ductility, and sound castings are required.1.3 Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1 (M). The equivalent Unified Numbering Systemalloy designations are in

4、accordance with Practice E527.1.4 Unless the order specifies the “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.5 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys and their properties in this specification, seeAnnex A1 and Annex A2.1

5、.6 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformanc

6、e with the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regu

7、larregulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trad

8、e Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the date of purchase form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B179 Specification for Aluminum Alloys in Ingot and Molten

9、 Forms for Castings from All Casting ProcessesB275 Practice for Codification of Certain Zinc, Tin and Lead Die CastingsB557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB557M Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Pr

10、oducts (Metric)B660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB666/B666M Practice for Identification Marking of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB917/B917M Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castings

11、from All ProcessesB985 Practice for SamplingAluminum Ingots, Billets, Castings and Finished or Semi-Finished WroughtAluminum Products forCompositional AnalysisD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications1 T

12、his specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 on AluminumAlloy Ingots and Castings.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014May 15, 2018. Published October 2014June 2018. Originally approved in 1981. L

13、ast previous edition approved in 20112014 asB686/B686M 11.B686/B686M 14. DOI: 10.1520/B0686_B0686M-14.10.1520/B0686_B0686M-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information,

14、refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all

15、 changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 10

16、0 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base Alloys (Withdrawn 2017)3E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial Radiographic FilmE155 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminu

17、m and Magnesium CastingsE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General IndustryE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)E607 Test Method for Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Technique NitrogenAtmosphere

18、 (Withdrawn 2011)3E716 Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of ChemicalComposition by Spark Atomic Emission SpectrometryE1251 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission SpectrometryE2422 Digital Referen

19、ce Images for Inspection of Aluminum CastingsIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.3 AMS Standard:4AMS 2771 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4

20、 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition LimitsNOTE 1When single units are shown, they indicate the maximum amounts permitted.NOTE 2Analysis shall be made for the elements for which limits a

21、re shown in this table.NOTE 3The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of determining conformance to these limits, an observed value or acalculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expres

22、sing the specified limitin accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.Composition, %ANSIH35.1ASTME527 Former Silicon Iron CopperMan-ga-neseMagne-sium Zinc TitaniumOthers Alu-mi-numEachATo-talBA201.0 A12010 0.05 0.10 4.05.00.200.400.150.35 0.150.35 C 0.03 0.10 re-main-der354.0 A03540 SC9

23、2A 8.69.4 0.20 1.62.00.10 0.400.6 0.10 0.20 0.05 0.15 re-main-derC355.0 A33550 SC51B 4.55.5 0.20 1.01.50.10 0.400.6 0.10 0.20 0.05 0.15 re-main-derA356.0 A13560 SG70B 6.57.5 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.250.45 0.10 0.20 0.05 0.15 re-main-derA357.0 A13570 6.57.5 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.400.7 0.10 0.040.20 D 0.05 0.15re

24、mainderTABLE 1 Chemical Composition LimitsA,B,C,DDesig.G Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Ni Zn Ti Ag Be Pb Zr FNs OthersE Al.Min.Each TotalFA201.0 0.05 0.10 4.05.0 0.200.400.150.35 . . . . . . . . . 0.150.35 0.401.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 0.10 Rem.354.0 8.69.4 0.20 1.62.0 0.10 0.400.6 . . . . . . 0.10

25、 0.20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.15 Rem.C355.0 4.55.5 0.20 1.01.5 0.10 0.400.6 . . . . . . 0.10 0.20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.15 Rem.A356.0 6.57.5 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.250.45 . . . . . . 0.10 0.20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.15 Rem.A357.0 6.57.5 0.20 0.20

26、 0.10 0.400.7 . . . . . . 0.10 0.040.20 . . . 0.040.07 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.15 Rem.A When single units are shown, they indicate the maximum amounts permitted.B Analysis shall be made for the elements for which limits are shown in this table.C The following applies to all specified limits i

27、n this table: For purposes of determining conformance to these limits, an observed value or a calculated value obtained fromanalysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit in accordance with the rounding-off method ofPracti

28、ce E29.D In case of discrepancy between the values listed in Table 1 and those listed in the “Designations and Composition Limits for Aluminum Alloys in the Form of Castingsand Ingot (known as the Pink Sheets)”, the composition limits registered with the Aluminum Association and published in the “Pi

29、nk Sheets” shall be considered thecontrolling composition.E “Others” includes listed elements for which no specific limit is shown as well as unlisted metallic elements. The producer may analyze samples for trace elements notspecified in the specification. However, such analysis is not required and

30、may not cover all metallic “Others” elements. Should any analysis by the producer or the purchaserestablish that an “Others” element exceeds the limit of “Each” or that the aggregate of several “Others” elements exceeds the limit of “Total,” the material shall be considerednonconforming.FOther Eleme

31、ntsTotal shall be the The sum of unspecified those “Others” metallic elements 0.010 % or more, rounded more each, expressed to the second decimalbefore determining the sum.GSilver 0.40 to 1.0 %. For a cross reference of current and former alloy designations see the Aluminum Associations “Designation

32、s and Composition Limits for AluminumAlloys in the Form of Castings and Ingot (known as the Pink Sheets)”.DBeryllium 0.040.07.B686/B686M 1822.4 ANSI Standards:5H35.1/H35.1 (M)-2006 Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for AluminumZ1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes2.5 Mi

33、litary Standard:6MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.6 Federal Standard:6Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.7 Aluminum Associations Standard5Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Aluminum Alloys in the Form of Castings and Ingot (The Pink Sheets)2.8 Other S

34、tandards:7CEN EN 14242 Aluminum and Aluminum AlloysChemical AnalysisInductively Coupled Plasma Optical EmissionSpectral Analysis3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology B881 for definitions of product terms used in this specification.4. Classification4.1 Castings shall be classified by insp

35、ection classes.4.1.1 Classes (Inspection):4.1.1.1 Class 1A class of casting, the single failure of which would result in the loss of a missile, aircraft, or other vehicle.4.1.1.2 Class 2Class 1 castings not included in Class 1, the single failure of which would cause significant danger to operatingp

36、ersonnel or would result in a significant operational penalty. In the case of missiles, aircraft, and other vehicles, this includes lossof major components, loss of control, unintentional release of inability to release armament stores, or failure of weapon installationcomponents.4.1.1.3 Class 3Cast

37、ings having a margin of safety of 200 % or less.4.1.1.4 Class 4Castings having a margin of safety of greater than 200 %, or for which no stress analysis is required.All targetdrone castings and aerospace ground support equipment fall in this category, except for such critical parts, the failure of w

38、hichwould make the equipment unsatisfactory and cause the vehicles which they are intended to support to be inoperable.4.1.2 Grades (Radiographic Quality):NOTE 1Caution should be exercised in specifying the grade of maximum permissible radiographic discontinuity level to be met in the casting.Radiog

39、raphic quality has only a qualitative relationship to mechanical properties. In general, the highest property levels of an alloy will require the highergrades of radiographic quality. However, section size and shape parameters may be able to tolerate certain discontinuities without significant reduc

40、tionin functional integrity. Too severe soundness requirements may cause the part producibility to be impractical or uneconomical.4.1.2.1 Grade AA grade in which there is no discernible discontinuity visible on the radiograph of the specified area of thecasting.4.1.2.2 Grade BApremium grade of casti

41、ng for critical applications or specified area of a casting with low margins of safety.4.1.2.3 Grade CA high-quality grade of casting or area of a casting for general applications.4.1.2.4 Grade DA grade included for less important areas of a casting.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material und

42、er this specification shall include the following information:5.1.1 This specification designation (which includes the number, the year, and the revision letter, if applicable),NOTE 2For inch-pound application, specify Specification B686 and for metric application specify Specification B686M. Do not

43、 mix units.5.1.2 Alloy number (Section 7.1 and Table 1), radiographic grade (4.1.2 and Table 2), inspection class of castings (4.1.1 andTable 3 Table 4), and class of mechanical properties (Table 5 and Table 6),5.1.3 Tensile property requirements on the drawing or purchase order (9.1.5, 15.4, 15.5,

44、Table 3 Table 4, and Table 5 Table6),5.1.4 Identification of product information (Section 11),5.1.5 Applicable drawings or part number, and5.1.6 The quantity in either pieces or kilograms.5.2 Additionally, orders for material to this specification shall include the following information when require

45、d by thepurchaser:5.2.1 Whether heat treatment is to be performed in accordance with AMS 2771 (10.2),5 Available from Aluminum Association, Inc., 1525 Wilson Blvd., Suite 600,1400 Crystal Drive Suite 430 Arlington, VA 22209,22202, http:/www.aluminum.org.6 Available from Standardization Documents Ord

46、er Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/dodssp.daps.dla.mil.7 Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 36 Rue de Stassart, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cenorm.be.B686/B686M 1835.2.2 Where the preproduction samples shall be

47、 sent, activity responsible for testing, and instructions concerning submittal ofthe test reports (14.2.1 and 14.2.2),5.2.3 Penetrant inspection standards (15.2),5.2.4 Whether Practices B660 apply and, if so, the levels of preservation, packaging, and packing required (16.317.4),5.2.5 Whether markin

48、g in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123, Practice D3951, or MIL-STD-129 applies (16.317.4), and5.2.6 Whether certification is required (Section 1718).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The responsibility of furnishing castings that can be laid out and machined to the finished dimensions within the permi

49、ssiblevariations specified, as shown on the blueprints or drawings, shall rest with the producer, except where pattern equipment isfurnished by the purchaser and any dimensional discrepancies can be clearly attributed to the pattern equipment as furnished.6.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, only aluminum alloy conforming to the requirements of Specification B179 or producersfoundry scrap (identified as being made from alloy conforming to Specification B179) shall be used in the remelting furnace fromwhich mol