ASTM B408-2006(2011) Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar《镍铁铬合金杆材和棒材用标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: B408 06 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Specification forNickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B408; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis

2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers UNS N08120, UNS N08800,UNS N08810, UNS N08811,* and UNS N08890 in the form ofhot-worked and cold-worke

3、d rod and bar. Alloy UNS N08800is normally employed in service temperatures up to andincluding 1100F (593C). Alloys UNS N08120, UNSN08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 are normally em-ployed in service temperatures above 1100F (593C) whereresistance to creep and rupture is required, and they areanneal

4、ed to develop controlled grain size for optimum proper-ties in this temperature range.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard

5、.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materiala

6、s provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B880 Specification for General Requirements for ChemicalCheck Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloy

7、s andCobalt AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel,Cobalt, and High-Tempera

8、ture Alloys3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bar, nmaterial of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, orsquare solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) inwidth and18 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straightlengths.3.1.1.1 DiscussionHot-worked rectangular

9、bar in widths10 in. (254 mm) and under may be furnished as hot-rolled platewith sheared or cut edges in accordance with SpecificationB408, provided the mechanical property requirements ofSpecification B408 are met.3.1.2 rod, nmaterial of round solid section furnished instraight lengths.4. Ordering I

10、nformation4.1 Orders for material to this specification should includeinformation with respect to the following:4.1.1 ASTM designation, and year of issue.4.1.2 Alloy designation or UNS number.4.1.3 SectionRod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, orrectangular).4.1.4 DimensionsDimensions including leng

11、th (Section 8,Tables 1-4 incl).4.1.5 Condition (Table 5 and Appendix X1).4.1.6 Finish (Appendix X1).4.1.7 Quantity (feet or number of pieces).4.1.8 CertificationState if certification or a report of testresults is required (Section 16).4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) AnalysisState whethersamples f

12、or product (check) analysis should be furnished.4.1.10 Purchaser InspectionIf purchaser wishes to wit-ness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility o

13、f SubcommitteeB02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originallyapproved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B408 06. DOI:10.1520/B0408-06R11.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Speci

14、fi-cation SB-408 in Section II of that Code.* New designations established in accordance with Practice E527 andSAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua

15、l Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspec-tions are to be

16、witnessed.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Heat TreatmentThe final heat treatment of UNSN08120 shall be 2150F (1177C) minimum, UNS N08810,2050F (1121C) minimum, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890,2100F (1149C) minimum.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the composition limitsspecified in

17、 Table 6.6.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by thepurchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check)analysis variations in Specification B880.7. Mechanical Properties and Other Requirements7.1 Mechanical PropertiesThe material shall conform tothe mechanical properties specified

18、 in Table 5.7.2 Grain SizeAnnealed UNS Alloys N08120, N08810,N08811, and N08890 shall conform to an average grain size ofASTM No. 5 or coarser.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 Diameter, Thickness, or WidthThe permissible varia-tions from the specified dimensions as measured on thediameter

19、 or between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod andbar shall be as prescribed in Table 1, and of hot-worked rod andbar as prescribed in Table 2.8.2 Out-of-RoundHot-worked rods and cold-worked rods(except “forging quality”) all sizes, in straight lengths, shall notbe out-of-round by more than one ha

20、lf the total permissiblevariations in diameter shown in Table 1 and Table 2, except forhot-worked rods12 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and under, whichmay be out-of-round by the total permissible variations indiameter shown in Table 2.8.3 CornersCold-worked bars will have practically exactangles and sha

21、rp corners.8.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked MaterialsWhen the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined,the allowances prescribed in Table 3 are recommended fornormal machining operations.8.5 LengthThe permissible variations in length of cold-worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall b

22、e as prescribed inTable 4.8.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengthswill be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; materialordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut ormachined ends.8.6 Straightness:8.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-work

23、ed rod and bar as determined by the departure fromstraightness shall be as prescribed in Table 7.8.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-worked rod and bar as determined by the departure fromstraightness shall be as specified in Table 8.9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance9.1 The ma

24、terial shall be uniform in quality and condition,smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injuriousimperfections.10. Sampling10.1 Lot:10.1.1 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.10.1.2 A lot for mechanical properties and grain size testingshall consist of all material from

25、 the same heat, nominaldiameter or thickness, and condition.10.1.2.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lotshall consist of not more than 500 lb (227 kg) of material in thesame size and condition except that a single piece weighingover 500 lb shall be considered as one lot.10.2 Test Mate

26、rial Selection:10.2.1 Chemical AnalysisRepresentative samples fromeach lot shall be taken during pouring or subsequent process-ing.10.2.1.1 Product (check) analysis shall be wholly the re-sponsibility of the purchaser.10.2.2 Mechanical Properties and Grain SizeSamples ofthe material to provide test

27、specimens for mechanical proper-ties shall be taken from such locations in each lot as to berepresentative of that lot.TABLE 1 Permissible Variations in Diameter or DistanceBetween Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and BarSpecified Dimension, in.(mm)APermissible Variations fromSpecified Dimension

28、, in. (mm)+Rounds:116 (1.6) to316 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)316 (4.8) to12 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08)12 (12.7) to1516 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)Over1516 (23.8) to 11516 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)Over 11516 (49.2) to 212 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)Hexagons, square

29、s, rectangles:12 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)Over12 (12.7) to78 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)Over78 (22.2) to 114 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)Over 114 (31.8) to 2 (50.8), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)ADimensions apply to diameter of rounds, to distance between parallel surfacesof hexagons and squares, and sepa

30、rately to width and thickness of rectangles.TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Diameter or DistanceSpecified Dimension, in.(mm)APermissible Variations from SpecifiedDimensions, in. (mm)+Rod and bar, hot-worked:1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.

31、016 (0.41)Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)Rod, rough turned or ground:Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0Forging quality rod:BUnder 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79)

32、0ADimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces ofhexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.BSpot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depthof these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the

33、 rod.B408 06 (2011)211. Number of Tests11.1 Chemical AnalysisOne test per lot.11.2 TensionOne test per lot.11.3 Grain SizeOne test per lot.12. Specimen Preparation12.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material inthe final condition and tested in the direction of fabrication.12.1.1 All rod

34、and bar shall be tested in full cross-sectionsize when possible. When a full cross-section size test cannotbe performed, the largest possible round specimen shown inTest Methods E8 shall be used. Longitudinal strip specimensshall be prepared in accordance with Test Methods E8 forrectangular bar up t

35、o12 in. (12.7 mm), inclusive, in thicknesseswhich are too wide to be pulled full size.13. Test Method13.1 The chemical composition, mechanical, and otherproperties of the material as enumerated in this specificationshall be determined, in case of disagreement, in accordancewith the following methods

36、:Test ASTM DesignationChemical Analysis E1473Tension E8Rounding Procedure E29Grain Size E112TABLE 3 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-worked MaterialFinished-Machined Dimensions for Finishes asIndicated Below, in. (mm)ANormal Machining Allowance, in. (mm)On Diameter,for RodsDistance Between Parall

37、elSurfaces, for Hexagonal andSquare BarFor Rectangular BarOn Thickness On WidthHot-worked:BUp to78 (22.2), incl18 (3.2)18 (3.2)18 (3.2)316 (4.8)Over78 to 178 (22.2 to 47.6), incl18 (3.2)316 (4.8)18 (3.2)316 (4.8)Over 178 to 278 (47.6 to 73.0), incl316 (4.8)14 (6.4) .316 (4.8)Over 278 to 31316 (73.0

38、to 96.8), incl14 (6.4) . .316 (4.8)Over 31316 (96.8)14 (6.4) . .38 (9.5)Hot-worked rods:Rough-turned or Rough Ground:C1516 to 4 (23.8 to 101.6), incl in diameter116 (1.6) . . .Over 4 to 12 (101.6 to 304.8), incl in diameter18 (3.2) . . .ADimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between para

39、llel surfaces of hexagonal and square bar, and separately to width and thickness of rectangular bar.BThe allowances for hot-worked material in Table 5 are recommended for rods machined in lengths of 3 ft (0.91 m) or less and for bars machined in lengths of 2 ft (0.61m) or less. Hot-worked material t

40、o be machined in longer lengths should be specified showing the finished cross-sectional dimension and the length in which the materialwill be machined in order that the manufacturer may supply material with sufficient oversize, including allowance for out-of-straightness.CApplicable to 3 ft (0.91 m

41、) max length.TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Length of Rods and BarsRandom mill lengths:Hot-worked 6 to 24 ft (1.83 to 7.31 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 9 ft (1.83 and 2.74 m)ACold-worked 6 to 20 ft (1.83 to 6.1 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 10 ft (1.

42、83 and 3.05 m).Multiple lengths furnished in multiples of a specified unit length, within the length limits indicated above. For each multiple,an allowance of14 in. (6.4 mm) will be made for cutting, unless otherwise specified. At the manufacturersoption, individual specified unit lengths may be fur

43、nished.Nominal lengths specified nominal lengths having a range of not less than 2 ft (610 mm) with no short lengths allowedBCut lengths a specified length to which all rods and bars will be cut with a permissible variation of plus18 in. (3.2 mm),minus 0 for sizes 8 in. (203 mm) and less in diameter

44、 or distance between parallel surfaces. For larger sizes,the permissible variation shall be +14 in. (6.4 mm), 0.AFor hot-worked sections weighing over 25 lb/ft (37 kg/m) and for smooth forged products, all sections, short lengths down to 2 ft (610 mm) may be furnished.BFor cold-worked rods and bars

45、under12 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter or distance between parallel surfaces ordered to nominal or stock lengths with a 2-ft (610-mm) range,at least 93 % of such material shall be within the range specified; the balance may be in shorter lengths but in no case shall lengths less than 4 ft (1220 mm) be fu

46、rnished.TABLE 5 Mechanical Properties of Rods and BarsAlloy ConditionTensile Strength,min, psi (MPa)Yield Strength(0.2 % offset) min,psi (MPa)Elongation in 2in.or50mm(or4D), min, %UNS N08120 Cold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 90 000 (621) 40 000 (276) 30UNS N08800 Hot worked, as-hot-worked 80 000

47、(550) 35 000 (240) 25ACold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 75 000 (515) 30 000 (205) 30UNS N08810 and UNS N08811 Cold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 65 000 (450) 25 000 (170) 30UNS N08890 Cold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 75 000 (520) 30 000 (205) 35UNS N08800, UNS N08810and UNS N08811Forging qu

48、alityBBBAFor hot-worked as-hot-worked rectangular bar516 in. (7.94 mm) and under in thickness the elongation shall be 20 % min.BForging quality is furnished to chemical requirements and surface inspection only. No tensile properties are required.B408 06 (2011)313.2 In the event of disagreement, the

49、referee method for thedetermination of average grain size shall be the planimetricmethod.13.3 For purposes of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thefollowing table, an observed value or a calculated value shallbe rounded as indicated below, in accordance with the round-ing method of Practice E29:TABLE 6 Chemical RequirementsElementComposition Limits, %Alloy N08120 Alloy N08800 Alloy N08810 Alloy N08811 Alloy N08890Nickel 35.0 min 30.0 min