ASTM B135-2008a Standard Specification for Seamless Brass Tube《无缝黄铜管的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 135 08aStandard Specification forSeamless Brass Tube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 135; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indic

2、ates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers seamless round and rectangu-lar including square copper alloy tube in straight lengths. Tenalloys are specified having the following no

3、minal composi-tions:Copper Previously Nominal Composition, %Alloy UsedUNS Designa-No.2tionACopper Zinc Lead TinC22000 7 90.0 10.0 . .C23000 1 85.0 15.0 . .C26000 2 70.0 30.0 . .C27000 9 65.0 35.0 . .C27200 8 63.0 37.0 . .C27400 . 62.5 37.5 . .C28000 5 60.0 40.0 . .C33000 3 66.0 33.5 0.5 .C33200 4 66

4、.0 32.4 1.6 .C37000 6 60.0 39.0 1.0 .C44300 . 71.5 27.5 . 1.00AAlloy Designations of Specification B 135 63, which was published in the1966 Book of ASTM Standards, Part 5.1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion toSpecification B 135M; therefore, no SI equivalents are pre-sented in the spe

5、cification.1.3 WarningMercury has been designated by EPA andmany state agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, orits vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury

6、-containing products. See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAs website(http:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional informa-tion. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited bystate

7、 law. (See 10.1.)21.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to u

8、se.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B 153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB 154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for CopperAlloysB 251 Specification for General Requirements for WroughtSeamless Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeB 601 Classifica

9、tion for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWrought and CastE 243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to

10、 This Standard:3.1.1 capable ofthe test need not be performed by theproducer of the material. However, if subsequent testing by thepurchaser establishes that the material does not meet theserequirements, the material shall be subject to rejection.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under

11、the specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 Alloy (Section 1),4.1.2 Temper (Section 7),4.1.3 Whether tension tests are required (for drawn tempersonly (see 8.1),4.1.4 Dimensions: diameter or distance between parallelsurfaces and wall thickness (see 11.2 and 11.3),4.1.5 Length (see

12、 12.4),4.1.6 Mercurous nitrate test, if required (Section 10),4.1.7 Total length of each size,4.1.8 Hydrostatic pressure test, when specified, and4.1.9 Pneumatic test, when specified.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct respo

13、nsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originallyapproved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B 135 08.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E 527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standar

14、d designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book

15、of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. General Require

16、ments5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification B 251.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical requirementsspecified in Table 1.6.2 These specification limits do not preclude the pr

17、esenceof other elements. Limits for unnamed elements are to beestablished by agreement between manufacturer or supplierand purchaser.6.2.1 For copper alloys in which zinc is specified as theremainder, either copper or zinc shall be taken as the differencebetween the sum of all the elements analyzed

18、and 100 %.6.2.1.1 When all the elements in Table 1 are analyzed, theirsum shall be as shown in the following table.Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus NamedElements, % minC22000 99.8C23000 99.8C26000 99.7C27000 99.7C27200 99.7C27400 99.7C28000 99.7C33000 99.6C33200 99.6C37000 99.6C44300 99.67. Temper7.1

19、 Drawn Tempers, HThe tempers of drawn tube shall bedesignated as light-drawn (H55), drawn (H58), and hard-drawn(H80) (see Table 2). Light-drawn (bending) temper is used onlywhen a tube of some stiffness but yet capable of being bent isneeded. Drawn temper is for general purposes and is mostcommonly

20、used where there is no specific requirement for highstrength on the one hand or for bending qualities on the other.Hard-drawn temper is used only where there is need for a tubeas strong as is commercially feasible for the sizes indicated.For any combination of diameter and wall thickness notcovered

21、under hard-drawn temper, the values given for drawntemper shall be used. Rectangular including square tubes shallnormally be supplied only in drawn (general-purpose) temper.When there is a need for light-drawn or hard-drawn tempersthese are to be supplied as agreed upon between the manufac-turer and

22、 the purchaser.7.2 Annealed Tempers, OThe tempers of annealed tubeshall be designated as light anneal (O50) and soft anneal (O60)(Table 3).NOTE 1Tube of Copper Alloy UNS No. C23000, when specified tomeet the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, shallhave in the annealed conditio

23、n a minimum tensile strength of 40 ksi anda minimum yield strength of 12 ksi at 0.5 % extension under load, inwhich case the provisions for grain size and Rockwell hardness in 8.2 donot apply.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 Drawn TemperTube shall conform to the mechanicalproperties prescribed in Table 2

24、. Tension tests are required fortubes with a wall thickness under 0.020 in. and for round tubeshaving an inside diameter under516 in. and for rectangularincluding square tubes having a major distance between insideparallel surfaces under316 in. The tension test for other sizes oftubes need not be ma

25、de except when indicated by the purchaserat the time of placing the order. A convenient method ofindicating that the tension test is required is to specify that“Test procedure T is required” (see 4.1.3). When agreementon the Rockwell hardness tests cannot be reached, the tensilestrength requirements

26、 of Table 2 shall be the basis for accep-tance or rejection.8.2 Annealed TemperTube shall conform to the grain sizeand Rockwell hardness limits prescribed in Table 3.9. Expansion Test for Round Tube9.1 Tube ordered in the annealed (O) condition, selected fortest, shall be capable of withstanding in

27、accordance with TestMethod B 153 an expansion of the outside diameter in thefollowing amount:Outside Diameter, in.Expansion of OutsideDiameter, %34 and under 20Over34 15The expanded tube shall show no cracking or rupture visibleto the unaided eye. Tube ordered in the drawn (H) condition isnot subjec

28、t to this test.NOTE 2The term “unaided eye,” as used herein, permits the use ofcorrective spectacles necessary to obtain normal vision.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopper Alloy UNS No.Composition,%Copper Lead Arsenic Tin Iron, max ZincC22000 89.091.0 0.05 max . . 0.05 remainderC23000 84.086.0 0.05 m

29、ax . . 0.05 remainderC26000 68.571.5 0.07 max . . 0.05 remainderC27000 63.068.5 0.09 max . . 0.07 remainderC27200 62.065.0 0.07 max . . 0.07 remainderC27400 61.064.0 0.09 max . . 0.05 remainderC28000 59.063.0 0.09 max . . 0.07 remainderC33000 65.068.0 0.25A0.7 . . 0.07 remainderC33200 65.068.0 1.52.

30、5 . . 0.07 remainderC37000 59.062.0 0.91.4 . . 0.15 remainderC44300 70.073.0 0.07 max 0.020.06 0.91.2 0.06 remainderAIn the case of CopperAlloy UNS No. C33000 on tube sizes greater than 5 in. in outside diameter, or distance between outside parallel surfaces, the lead content shallbe 0.7 % maximum,

31、no minimum is specified.B 135 08a29.2 As an alternative to the expansion test for tube over 4 in.in diameter in the annealed condition, a 4 in. in length shall becut from the end of one of the lengths for a flattening test. This4-in. test specimen shall be flattened so that a gage set at threetimes

32、the wall thickness will pass over the tube freely through-out the flattened part. The tube so tested shall develop nocracks or flaws visible to the unaided eye (Note 2) as a resultof this test. In making the flattening test the elements shall beslowly flattened by one stroke of the press.9.3 Drawn t

33、emper tube shall not be required to withstandthese tests.10. Mercurous Nitrate Test10.1 WarningMercury is a definite health hazard. Useequipment for the detection and removal of mercury vapor.Wear rubber gloves when conducting the test.10.2 When specifically required, test specimens 6 in. inlength o

34、f both annealed and drawn tempers shall withstand,after proper cleaning, an immersion for 30 min withoutcracking in the standard mercurous nitrate solution prescribedin Test Method B 154. Immediately after removal from thesolution, the specimen shall be wiped free of excess mercuryand examined for c

35、racks.11. Nondestructive Testing11.1 Unless nondestructive testing has been waived, tubesshall be subjected to a nondestructive test. The manufacturershall select the nondestructive test that is most suitable for thetube size and the application.11.1.1 Eddy-current testing is the standard nondestruc

36、tivetest, and all tubes of appropriate size shall be eddy-currenttested in accordance with 11.2.11.1.2 Tubes that are not of a size suitable for eddy-currenttest capabilities shall be tested by the hydrostatic test asdescribed in 11.3.1, or by the pneumatic test as described in11.3.2.11.2 Eddy-Curre

37、nt TestEach tube up to 318 in. in outsidediameter shall be subjected to an eddy-current test. Testingshall follow the procedure of Practice E 243, except thedetermination of “end effect” is not required. Tubes shall bepassed through an eddy-current test unit adjusted to provideinformation on the sui

38、tability of the tube for the intendedapplication.11.2.1 Notch-depth standards rounded to the nearest 0.001in. shall be 22 % of the nominal wall thickness. The notch-depth tolerance shall be 60.0005 in. Alternatively, if theTABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn Temper TubeCopper Alloy UNS

39、 No.Temper DesignationA Outside Diameter, in.or Major DistanceBetween OutsideParallel Surfaces, in.Wall Thickness, inTensileStrengthksiBRockwellHardnessC30TStandard FormerC22000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 40 min 38 minC22000 H80 hard drawnDup to 1, incl 0.020 to 0.120, incl 52 min 55 minC22

40、000 H80 hard drawnDover 1 to 2, incl 0.035 to 0.180, incl 52 min 55 minC22000 H80 hard drawnDover 2 to 4, incl 0.060 to 0.250, incl 52 min 55 minC23000 H55 light drawnDall all 4458 4375C23000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 44 min 43 minC23000 H80 hard drawnDup to 1, incl 0.020 to 0.120, incl 57

41、 min 65 minC23000 H80 hard drawnDover 1 to 2, incl 0.035 to 0.180, incl 57 min 65 minC23000 H80 hard drawnDover 2 to 4, incl 0.0605 to 0.250, incl 57 min 65 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C27400, C33000,and C33200H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 53 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C27400, C33000,and C

42、33200H80 hard drawnDup to 1, incl 0.020 to 0.120, incl 66 min 70 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C27400, C33000,and C33200H80 hard drawnDover 1 to 2, incl 0.035 to 0.180, incl 66 min 70 minC26000, C27000, C27200,C27400, C33000,and C33200H80 hard drawnDover 2 to 4, incl 0.060 to 0.250, incl 66 min 70 minC2

43、8000 andC37000H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 55 minC44300 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 53 minC44300 H80 hard drawnDall all 66 min 70 minAStandard designations defined in Classification B 601.Bksi = 1000 psi.CRockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall t

44、hickness of 0.012 in. or over and to round tubes having an inside diameter of516 in. or over andto rectangular including square tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of316 in. or over. Rockwell hardness shall be made on the inside surfaceof the tube. When suitable equipment

45、 is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell scales and values shall be specified subject toagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.DLight-drawn and hard-drawn tempers are available in round-tube only.B 135 08a3manufacturer uses speed-insensitive edd

46、y-current units that areequipped so that a fraction of the maximum unbalance signal isable to be selected, the following percent maximum unbalancesignals shall be used.Standard Tube Size, inchMaximum Percent UnbalanceSignal MagnitudeUp to and including38 0.212 to 2 incl 0.3Over 2 to 3 incl 0.411.2.2

47、 Tubes that do not actuate the signalling device of theeddy-current testers shall be considered as conforming to therequirements of this test. If reexamined or retested, tubes withsignals that are found to have been caused by minor mechani-cal damage, soil, or moisture, shall not be cause for reject

48、ion ofthe tubes provided the tube dimensions are still within pre-scribed limits and the tube is suitable for its intended applica-tion.11.3 Apressure test shall be specified for tube sizes over 318in. in outside diameter or tube of dimensions beyond thecapabilities of the eddy-current test apparatu

49、s or as an alterna-tive to the eddy-current test. The purchaser shall have theoption to specify either a hydrostatic test in 11.3.1 or thepneumatic test in 11.3.2. When, in the case where subsequenttesting by the purchaser establishes that the material does notmeet these requirements, then the tubes shall be subject torejection.11.3.1 Hydrostatic TestWhen specified, the tube shallstand, without showing evidence of leakage an internal hydro-static pressure sufficient to subject the material to a fiber stressof 7000 psi, determined by t